scholarly journals AVG, NAA, boron, and magnesium influence preharvest fruit drop and fruit quality of ‘Honeycrisp’ apples

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. 741-752 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle H. Arseneault ◽  
John A. Cline
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Ethylene Evolution ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Honeycrisp Apples ◽  
Colour Development

Preharvest fruit drop (PFD) of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) can cause significant losses resulting in up to 50% reduction in yield in some years. In a 2-yr study, ‘Honeycrisp’ trees were treated with six foliar treatments including 20 mg·L−1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 2 wk before anticipated harvest (WBAH), 125 mg·L−1 aminoethoxyvinylglycine hydrochloride (AVG) 4 WBAH, AVG plus NAA 2 WBAH, and repeat sprays of 200 mg·L−1 B, and 2000 mg·L−1 Mg applied 48–93 d after full bloom to evaluate their effect on PFD and fruit quality. Fruit drop associated with broken pedicels and physiological causes was monitored. During a year with ∼43% PFD on untreated control trees, AVG retained up to ∼35% and NAA retained up to ∼27% of the total fruit number, relative to the control trees. The combination of AVG plus NAA had similar PFD compared with AVG alone, while B and Mg were similar to the control. The proportion of PFD associated with broken pedicels was ∼5%. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine delayed starch degradation, ethylene evolution, and blush skin colour development of fruit. This study supports the use of AVG 4 WBAH and NAA 2 WBAH to manage ‘Honeycrisp’ PFD, which may offer economic advantages for growing quality apples. Foliar sprays of Mg or B failed to reduce PFD.

scholarly journals Multiple season-long sprays of ethephon or NAA combined with calcium chloride on ‘Honeycrisp’ apples: I. Effect on bloom and fruit quality attributes

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
pp. 444-459
Author(s):  
John A. Cline
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Biennial Bearing ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Return Bloom ◽  
Honeycrisp Apples

‘Honeycrisp’ apple trees are highly prone to biennial bearing and predisposed to bitter pit. The hypothesis that tank mix sprays of ethephon (ETH), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), and 1-aminocyclopropane carboxylic acid (ACC) combined with calcium chloride (CaCl2) can mitigate these production problems was tested in a 3-yr study. Mature ‘Honeycrisp’ trees were treated with either three or six summer applications of 150 mg L−1 ETH or 5 mg L−1 NAA, all tank-mixed with and without CaCl2, or two or five applications of 150 mg L−1 ACC (without CaCl2). Treatments were applied at 10-d intervals and initiated between 21 and 26 June. All treatments had little effect on enhancing return bloom of ‘Honeycrisp’. NAA, ETH, and CaCl2 all influenced fruit maturity and quality at harvest to varying degrees and across years. Fruit treated with NAA were firmer compared with untreated fruit in 2 out of 3 yr, whereas overall, fruit treated with six sprays of ETH had lower fruit firmness and were more mature. NAA had less influence on fruit quality attributes at harvest than did ETH, and decreased pre-harvest fruit drop (PFD). PFD increased with ETH in 1 out of 2 yr, whereas ACC and NAA both decreased PFD in 1 out of 2 yr. Overall, ETH and NAA, with or without CaCl2, had significant but inconsistent effects on fruit quality and maturity, all dependent on the year and number of applications. Adding CaCl2 decreased fruit firmness in 2 out of 3 yr.

scholarly journals Fruit Abscission and Fruit Quality of Apples Following Use of Dicamba to Control Preharvest Drop

1990 ◽  
Vol 115 (3) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Marini ◽  
Ross E. Byers ◽  
Donald L. Sowers ◽  
Rodney W. Young
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Fruit Abscission ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Methoxybenzoic Acid

Five apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) cultivars were treated with dicamba at concentrations of 0 to 200 mg·liter-1 during 3 years. Although the response varied with cultivar, dose, and year, dicamba always delayed fruit abscission. At similar concentrations, dicamba usually reduced fruit drop more than NAA, but less than fenoprop. Dicamba at 10 mg·liter-1 effectively delayed drop of `Delicious', whereas 20 to 30 mg·liter-1 was required for `Red Yorking', `Rome', `Winesap', and `Stayman'. Dicamba did not influence flesh firmness, soluble solids content, water core, or starch content at harvest or after storage. Chemical names used: naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA); 2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)propionic acid (fenoprop); 3,6dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid (dicamba).

scholarly journals Time of Aminoethoxyvinylglycine Application Influences Preharvest Drop and Fruit Quality of 'McIntosh' Apples

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 2056-2060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duane W. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Time Of Application ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Commercial Harvest ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Control Compound

AVG was applied as the ReTain formulation over three harvest seasons to determine the influence of time of application on drop control efficacy and its influence on fruit maturity of 'McIntosh' apples. Effective drop control was achieved through the commercial harvest season with application of AVG made from 1 to 6 weeks before the anticipated start of harvest for untreated fruit. Drop control extended beyond the normal harvest period when application was made either 2 weeks or 1 week before anticipated harvest. Application made between 6 and 4 weeks before anticipated harvest generally delayed parameters associated with ripening, such as softening, degradation of starch, and development of red color, more than applications made on later dates. While AVG consistently and effectively retarded abscission, the length of time it controlled drop varied from year to year, even when used on similar trees in the same block. Once applied, it required 10 to 14 days before AVG started to retard fruit abscission. AVG controlled drop linearly with increasing concentration. AVG was a superior drop control compound than NAA. Chemical names used: aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA).

scholarly journals 576 Effects of NAA-800 and Retain on Fruit Retention and Quality of `Rome Beauty' and `Delicious' Apples

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 495D-495
Author(s):  
Esmaeil Fallahi ◽  
Duane W. Greene
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Fruit Firmness ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Major Improvement ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
Degradation Pattern

Effects of various combinations of NAA-800 and Retain on fruit retention, yield, and harvest and post-storage fruit quality of `Rome Beauty' and `Delicious' apples were studied over one to three seasons. Retain and NAA-800 often reduced preharvest fruit drop as compared to control. Fruit from trees that received Retain at 123.6 g a.i./ha, or 61.8 g a.i./ha plus NAA-800 showed lower starch degradation pattern (SDP) at harvest and higher firmness. Retain treated fruit had lower evolved ethylene and respiration. Application of Retain at 61.8 g a.i./ha plus NAA-800 delayed fruit maturity, and the effects on fruit quality at harvest was comparable to the effects of this chemical at 123.6 g. a.i./ha. However, after storage, fruits from trees receiving Retain at 123.6 g a.i./ha often were firmer. Split applications of NAA-800 did not show major improvement in delaying fruit maturity over a single application. Application of NAA-800 at 585 mL/ha tended to reduce fruit firmness and increase fruit SDP. These fruits some times tended to have better color. Results on fruit color varied from year to year.

Consecutive wet days may impede fruit quality of peach and nectarine and cause fruit drop

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 110011
Author(s):  
Georgios Pantelidis ◽  
Theodoros Mavromatis ◽  
Pavlina Drogoudi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Drop

scholarly journals Effect of boron nutrition on nutrient uptake and fruit quality of tart cherry in Eastern Hungary

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. T. Nagy ◽  
J. Nyéki ◽  
M. Soltész ◽  
T. Szabó ◽  
Z. Szabó
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Uptake ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Sour Cherry ◽  
Early Spring ◽  
Prunus Cerasus ◽  
Tart Cherry ◽  
Full Bloom ◽  
Year Effect

Effect of the foliar boron (B) application on nutrient uptake and fruit quality of tart cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) was investigated from 2008 to 2009 on mature four favourite Hungarian tart cherry cultivars like ‘Oblacsinszka’, ‘Érdi bôtermő’, ‘Újfehértói fürtös’ and ‘Petri’. Tart cherry trees grown in Eastern Hungary (Újfehértó) on an acidic sandy soil with low B content. Trees were treated with B by foliar application (0.5% B) at full bloom and untreated with B served as a control. B sprays strongly affected on B content of inflorescences. However, B sprays had no consistent effect on summer leaf B status. In our experiment stronger year effect was observed at leaf B status than flower B status. The effectiveness of early spring boron applications are limited and mostly affected the flower B status only. Moreover, treatments had inconsistent effect on studied fruit inner parameters. Monosaccharides, vitamin C and organic acid contents of sour cherry were stronger affected by cultivars than applied treatments.

Effects of the bioregulators ACC, 6-BA, ABA, and NAA as thinning agents on Gala apples

2020 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle H. Cortens ◽  
John A. Cline
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Load Management ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Crop Load ◽  
Southern Ontario ◽  
Malus Domestica Borkh

Gala apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) trees are prone to heavy cropping but respond to chemical fruitlet thinners to reduce crop load and improve fruit quality. Environmental concerns over the fate of the chemical fruitlet thinner carbaryl is widely acknowledged, but crop load management options are limited. In southern Ontario, Gala trees were treated with new thinning compounds or combinations to determine post-bloom thinning efficacy and resulting fruit quality. Treatments included 6-benzyladenine (6-BA) combined with naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) or abscisic acid (ABA), and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) alone applied at 9 mm in 2014 and 17 mm in 2015. The treatment NAA + 6-BA produced unacceptably small “pygmy” fruit when applied at 17 mm fruitlet diameter. ABA at 150 and 300 mg L−1 and ACC at 150 mg L−1, when applied at 17 mm fruitlet diameter, resulted in acceptable fruit set, crop load, and quality results in comparison with the carbaryl thinner in 1 yr. The bioregulators ACC and ABA combined with 6-BA showed commercial potential for thinning Gala fruit but require further evaluation.

scholarly journals Effects of aminoethoxyvinylglycine treatments on pre-harvest fruit drop and fruit quality of Braeburn apples

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 299-307
Author(s):  
Burhan Ozturk ◽  
Kenan Yildiz ◽  
Yakup Ozkan ◽  
Kemal Kilic
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Ethylene Biosynthesis ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Fruit Peel ◽  
Fruit Removal ◽  
Peel Color ◽  
Second Year

This study was conducted to determine the effects of increasing aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG) concentrations on pre-harvest drop and fruit quality parameters of ‘Braeburn’ apples. Results revealed that AVG treatments increased the fruit removal force and significantly decreased pre-harvest drops compared to control treatment. AVG was found to be more effective in controlling pre-harvest drops than naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). There were significant differences among AVG doses with regard to preharvest drop rates. The lowest ratio of pre-harvest drop was observed in 400 mg/l AVG treatment. All AVG doses decreased ethylene biosynthesis. Inhibition of ethylene biosynthesis was higher in 300 and 400 mg/l AVG treatments than the other AVG treatment. AVG retarded fruit ripening of ‘Braeburn’ apples. Measurements, performed at different dates of ripening process, revealed higher flesh firmness values for AVG-treated fruits than the control. Starch degradation was delayed by AVG treatments. Effects of AVG on fruit peel color varied with years. While significant effects of AVG treatments on peel color were not observed in the first year, especially higher AVG doses significantly increased L* values and hue angles in the second year. AVG treatments also significantly increased fruit mass in both years. Significant changes in fruit geometric diameters were not observed with AVG treatments, except for 300 mg/l AVG treatment of second year.

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