scholarly journals Early-stage Dark Treatment Promotes Hypocotyl Elongation Associated with Varying Effects on Yield and Quality in Sunflower and Arugula Microgreens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Kong ◽  
Youbin Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Hypocotyl Elongation ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Dark Treatment ◽  
Light Emitting ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Solids Content

Microgreens growing under electric (aka artificial) lighting in controlled environments often have short hypocotyls, which can be difficult for machine harvest. To investigate whether early-stage dark treatment can promote hypocotyl elongation without compromising microgreen yield and quality, two different seed-size species, sunflower (Helianthus annuus ‘Black oil’) and arugula (Eruca sativa ‘Rocket’), were tested. Seeds of sunflower and arugula were sown in pots, and the pots were placed inside support trays. During the first 5 days after seeding, half of the pots per species within each tray were covered with an upside-down black tray as dark treatment, and another half were kept under light. The light treatment was provided by continuous (24-h) lighting with a combination of red (85%) and blue (15%) light-emitting diodes at a photosynthetic photo flux density of around 100 µmol m−2 s−1. After 5 days of dark treatment, the black covers were removed and the plants were grown under the above lighting treatment till harvesting. The microgreens were harvested at 7 d and 12 d after seeding for sunflower and arugula, respectively. Early-stage dark treatment promoted hypocotyl elongation by 26% and 28% for sunflower and arugula, respectively. Microgreen yield was increased by 13% for sunflower and reduced by 24% for arugula under dark treatment. Dark treatment increased cotyledon succulence by 14% for sunflower, but reduced cotyledon size by about 25% for arugula despite increases in red color and succulence of arugula hypocotyls. For both species, cotyledon color and soluble solids content were not affected by dark treatment.

scholarly journals Development, yield and quality attributes of sugarcane cultivars fertigated by subsurface drip irrigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
André L. B. de O. Silva ◽  
Regina C. M. Pires ◽  
Rafael V. Ribeiro ◽  
Eduardo C. Machado ◽  
Gabriel C. Blain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Solids Content

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the development, yield and quality of four sugarcane cultivars fertigated by subsurface drip system. The experiment was carried out in Campinas-SP, Brazil, from January 2012 to November 2013, with the cultivars SP79-1011, IACSP94-2101, IACSP94-2094 and IACSP95-5000 subjected to daily irrigations. The irrigations depths were applied to bring soil moisture to field capacity. Soil moisture was monitored using soil moisture probes. Samples were collected along the crop cycle in order to evaluate crop development and yield, at the end of the first and second ratoons. Stalk height showed good correlation for the estimation of crop yield, with R2 equal to or higher than 0.96. The cultivar IACSP95-5000 showed the highest yield in the first ratoon. In the second ratoon the highest yield was observed in IACSP94-2101, followed by IACSP95-5000 and SP79-1011. Considering the yield results associated with the technological analysis, such as soluble solids content and apparent sucrose, the cultivar IACSP95-5000 excelled the others in the cultivation under subsurface drip irrigation.

scholarly journals Phosphorus (P) improves industrial tomato quality and yield in soil with high phosphorus content

2020 ◽  
pp. 1335-1341
Author(s):  
Arthur Bernardes Cecílio Filho ◽  
Bruno Trevizaneli ◽  
Sergio Manuel Rugeles Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
P Content ◽  
Tomato Processing ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Solids Content

Soils under intensive and successive cropping with central pivot irrigation tend to present high nutrient contents, especially phosphorus (P), which is a nutrient with a great impact on the yield and quality of agricultural products. Among the rotating crops, the application of high P rates is common in processing tomato, although not supported by research. This work evaluates the effect of phosphate fertilization (0, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 kg ha-1 P2O5) on the yield and quality of industrial tomato ‘Heinz 9553’ grown in a soil with high available P content (145 mg dm-3) resulting of an intensive vegetables cultivation, which have high demand by P. The highest total (127.4 t ha-1) and commercial (108.6 t ha-1) yields were obtained with 413.9 and 384 kg ha-1 P2O5, respectively. The results showed that pH of tomato juice, the percentages of green, red, and commercial fruits were not influenced by the applied P rates. However, nutrient delivery increased the soluble solids content up to 356 kg ha-1 P2O5, which is interesting for tomato processing. After harvesting the fruits, the available soil P content was increased with P supply to the plants. For improvement of commercial yield and soluble solids characteristics, the tomato crop shall be fertilised with P even though the soil has high P content.

scholarly journals Peach Fruit Quality Is Affected by Shade during Final Swell of Fruit Growth

1991 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard P. Marini ◽  
Donald Sowers ◽  
Michele Choma Marini
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Prunus Persica ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Fruit Harvest ◽  
The Relationship

Girdled or nongirdled `Biscoe' peach (Prunus persica [L.] Batsch) secondary scaffold branches were covered with shade fabric to provide a range of photosynthetic photon flux densities (PPFD) from 44 to 20 days before harvest (DBH), from 20 to 0 DBH or 44 to 0 DBH. Fruit quality was affected differently by the various periods of shade during the final swell of fruit development. Shading 40 to 20 DBH did not affect fruit weight or quality, whereas shading 44 to 0 DBH had the greatest effect on fruit weight and quality. Fruit quality was generally similar on branches exposed to 100% and 45% incident PPFD (IPPFD). Fruit on” girdled branches generally responded to shade more than fruit on nongirdled branches. Fruit weight was positively related to percent IPPFD for girdfed but not nongirdled branches shaded 20 to 0 DBH and 44 to DBH. On nongirdled branches, fruit exposed to 45% IPPFD for 44 to 0 DBH had 14% less red color and 21% lower soluble solids content (SSC) than nonshaded fruit. Harvest was delayed >10 days and preharvest fruit drop was increased by shading to <23% IPPFD. Shading branches for 20 to 0 or 44 to 0 DBH altered the relationship between flesh firmness and ground color: Firmness declined as ground color changed from green to yellow for fruit shaded 44 to 20 DBH, but firmness declined with little change in ground color for fruit shaded 20 to 0 or 44 to 0 DBH. Girdling results indicated that fruit weight and SSC partially depended on photosynthate from nonshaded portions of the canopy, whereas fruit redness, days from bloom to harvest, and ground color depended on PPFD in the vicinity of the fruit.

scholarly journals Effect of Fungicide Applications Scheduled to Control Gummy Stem Blight on Yield and Quality of Watermelon Fruit

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony P. Keinath
Keyword(s):  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Black Rot ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Stem Blight ◽  
Gummy Stem Blight ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Solids Content

Yield and quality reductions in watermelon infected with Didymella bryoniae may be attributed to reduced number or weight of fruit, sunburned fruit, fruit rot, or low sugar content due to gummy stem blight on foliage and black rot on fruit. Number, weight, soluble solids content, and external appearance of fruit were determined in four experiments conducted in fall 1996 and 1997 and spring 1997 and 1998. Severity of gummy stem blight was varied by applying no fungicide, mancozeb, or chlorothalonil according to different schedules. In the fall, when disease severity was high, total fruit weight, percent marketable fruit, and soluble solids content were lower and percent fruit with black rot was higher in nonsprayed than in sprayed treatments. Fungicide applications did not affect total fruit weight, soluble solids content, or black rot in the spring, when disease severity was moderate to low. Percent sunburned fruit was greater in treatments sprayed every 14 days than in those sprayed weekly. In fall experiments, the number of healthy, unblemished fruit increased linearly as the number of fungicide applications was increased from zero to nine per season. Yield losses in watermelon to gummy stem blight and black rot resulted primarily from a reduction in total fruit weight and an increase in number of diseased and sunburned fruit.

scholarly journals 143 COLOR AND QUALITY OF `DELICIOUS' APPLES BY DELAYED HARVEST DATE AND CONTROLLED-ATMOSPHERE STORAGE

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 449b-449
Author(s):  
S.R. Drake ◽  
Tom Eisele
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Date ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Harvest Time ◽  
Controlled Atmosphere Storage ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Atmosphere Storage

Red color of 2 strains (`Bisbee' and `Red Chief) of `Delicious' apples was increased (25%) by a 10 day delay beyond recommended harvest date. Color of `Oregon Spur' did not change during this 10 day period. Soluble solids content and size were also increased, but firmness decreased by 12%. In 2 of 3 years, firmness at harvest was 73 N or greater in all strains and these fruit lost little firmness during 9 months of CA. Poor firmness (<63 N) at harvest resulted in fruit with unacceptable firmness (53 N) after storage regardless of harvest time or strain. Loss in fruit quality was evident after a 5 day delay in atmosphere establishment with no further loss after a 10 day delay. `Oregon Spur' had the best color regardless of harvest, followed by `Bisbee' and `Red Chief. All strains (`Oregon Spur', `Bisbee' and `Red Chief) had good quality after long term CA. Sensory panelists could not distinguish flavor differences between strains, harvest dates or delay in storage establishment.

scholarly journals Postharvest durability of tomatoes with PVA covering

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Manuella Candéo ◽  
Maria Helene G Canteri ◽  
Dayana Carla de Macedo ◽  
Evaldo T Kubaski ◽  
Sergio M Tebcherani
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Postharvest Quality ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Total Soluble Solids ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Alternative Solutions

ABSTRACT Plastic packaging from petroleum derives used in the food industry represents serious environmental problems. Alternative solutions to these problems consist of the development of biodegradable packaging, such as films and edible coatings including the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). In this research we evaluated the effect of the PVA application by two different techniques aiming to increase shelf life of ripe tomatoes, cultivar Carmen. The methodology of this study consisted in covering tomatoes with a PVA solution and also with PVA impregnated tracing paper. The different fruit lots were kept in polystyrene trays for 19 days on a laboratory bench at a controlled temperature of 25±3ºC. The fruit analyzes were compared to the control fruits without any treatment, being evaluated firmness, pH, titratable total acidity, mass loss, total soluble solids content, water activity and color determination of fruit surface. Among the different treatments, the PVA coating applied directly to the fruits contributed to control the firmness and the mass loss, as well as this treatment influenced the total soluble solids content, the luminosity and the red color of fruits with statistical difference compared to the control and covered with tracing paper (with or without PVA). The PVA coating solution applied directly on the fruits contributed to maintain the postharvest quality of the ripe tomatoes.

scholarly journals Nitrate Content, Soluble Solids Content, and Yield of Table Beet as Affected by Cultivar, Sowing Date and Nitrogen Supply

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 1255-1259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Feller ◽  
Matthias Fink
Keyword(s):  
Sowing Date ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
N Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
N Supply ◽  
Nitrate N ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Late Sowing

The objective was to provide results to optimize the production of table beet (Beta vulgaris L.) with respect to yield and quality. Field experiments were carried out over 2 years, where the effects of nitrogen (N) supply, sowing date, and cultivar were tested in a block design with four replications. In addition to yield, soluble solids and nitrate N contents of roots were measured to assess quality. Sowing date was an important factor for determining yield and quality of table beet. Sowing dates later than June at the experimental site are not recommended because they resulted in an increase in nitrate N content in fresh weight of up to 3027 mg·kg-1 and an average yield loss of 46% compared to sowings in April. Soluble solids content (SSC) was only slightly affected by planting date. Nitrogen supply did not affect SSC, but increasing N supply led to a major increase in nitrate N content, especially if combined with late sowing dates. It was concluded for early sowing dates that N supply be determined to achieve the maximum yield. With an early sowing date, nitrate N content in fresh weight at harvest was <563 mg·kg-1, even with a high N supply of 250 kg·ha-1. Late sowing dates required a reduced N supply to keep harvest nitrate contents below the 2500 mg·kg-1 required by the processing industry. Recommendations for optimizing N supply, sowing date, and cultivars for table beet should always take into account strong interactions between these factors.

scholarly journals Soilless Media and Containers for Greenhouse Production of `Galia' Type Muskmelon

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 1200-1205 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Rodriguez ◽  
D.J. Cantliffe ◽  
N.L. Shaw ◽  
Z. Karchi
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Pine Bark ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Greenhouse Production ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Feasible Option ◽  
Polyethylene Bags ◽  
Reducing Costs ◽  
Solids Content

In the spring of 2001 and 2002, different combinations of media (coarse perlite, medium perlite, and pine bark) and containers (polyethylene bags and plastic pots) were used for hydroponic production of `Galia' muskmelons (Cucumis melo L.) to determine their effect on fruit yield and quality, and their influence on costs of production. Marketable yields obtained for `Gal-152' in the spring 2001 and 2002 were 25.5 kg·m–2 and 39.0 kg·m–2 respectively. When data were combined for 2001 and 2002, fruit yield and fruit quality were unaffected by any combination of media and container. Average soluble solids content was generally greater than 10° Brix. It was determined that the use of pine bark media and plastic pots instead of perlite and bags would save $18,200 per year (two crops)—a feasible option for reducing costs of producing `Galia' muskmelons in greenhouses using soilless culture without loss of yield and fruit quality.

scholarly journals Influence Of Soil Type On Yield And Quality Of Different Apple Cultivars

2017 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Alina Viorica ILIE ◽  
Cristina PETRISOR ◽  
Dorel HOZA ◽  
Viorel OLTENESCU
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Soluble Solids Content ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Solids Content

The objective of this study was to determine influence of different soil type on apple yield and quality. To investigate the variation in fruit quality, apples were harvested at commercial maturity on two different soil type. The investigations was conducted in experimental apple orchards located in Focsani region on two different soil type: luvic  brown typical and  luvic brown pseudogleizate. Fruits of Jonathan and Golden Delicios cultivars were tested for color, soluble solids content, total acidity, ascorbic acid, anthocyanins content and chlorophyls content with specific analytrical methods. At harvest yield, dry matter, soluble solids content, ascorbic acid and acidity were affected by soil type. In this study, no significant soil effect was found on color, anthocyanins and chlorophyll fruit content. The results obtained in this study suggest that luvic brown pseudogleizate soil leading to increased yields and enhanced fruit quality.

scholarly journals Strategies to increase red color and reduce the incidence of sunburns on apples

2020 ◽  
pp. 339-346
Author(s):  
Gentil Carneiro Gabardo ◽  
Keli Cristina dos Santos ◽  
Cristhian Leonardo Fenili ◽  
José Luiz Petri ◽  
Bianca Schveitzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mineral Content ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Liquid Formulation ◽  
Test Application ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Fruit Mass

The aim of this study was to evaluate the application of CaCO3 in liquid formulation on the incidence of sunburn and the visual quality of apples, as well as to test application times and dosages of biostimulants in increasing the red Color of the fruits. The study was carried out in partnership with the rural producer, in the orchards located in the municipality of Fraiburgo-SC, in the 2018/2019 harvest. To meet the proposed objectives, two different experiments were conducted: experiment 1 - application of calcium carbonate to reduce the incidence of sunburn in apples and experiment 2 - use of biostimulant to increase the red Color in the epidermis of apples. The variables analyzed were: production data (kg plant-1, fruits plant-1, average fruit mass and aspects related to fruit quality: pulp firmness, soluble solids content, mineral content in fruits, percentage of red Color in the epidermis of the fruits and incidence of sunburn. The tests carried out to promote the red Color of the fruits showed satisfactory results. However, the tests developed aiming at reducing the incidence of sunburn did not show reliable results, since the environmental conditions, mainly the sunstroke, were not favorable to the development of the damage to the fruits, making it impossible to obtain conclusive information on the efficiency of the CaCO3 product. in reducing the incidence of sunburn in apples. The application of CaCO3 as a sunscreen does not improve the calcium content of the harvested fruits. The application of Physiogrow® Color promotes better allocation of the harvested fruits in categories of greater coloration of the epidermis.

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