Stratigraphy of the Aroostook–Percé Anticlinorium in the Gaspé Peninsula, Quebec

1988 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Malo
Keyword(s):  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Turbidity Currents ◽  
Stratigraphic Sequence ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
Carbonate Sedimentation ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Type Area ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Group Form ◽  
Connecticut Valley

In Quebec, the Aroostook–Percé Anticlinorium exposes two stratigraphic groups: the Honorat and the Matapédia. The terrigenous units of the Honorat Group form the core of the anticlinorium and are overlain by the carbonate sequence of the Matapédia Group. Each group comprises two formations. The Honorat is herein divided into two new formations, the Arsenault and the Garin, which are defined for the first time. The Matapédia Group includes the Pabos and White Head formations. The Pabos Formation, a transitional unit between the noncalcareous strata of the Honorat Group and the carbonate facies of the White Head Formation, is here redefined. The White Head Formation comprises four members. These two groups represent continuous sedimentation from the Late Ordovician (Caradocian) to the Early Silurian (Llandoverian).The lithostratigraphy of the type areas of the Honorat Group (Honorat Township region) and Pabos Formation (Chandler region) are fully described, whereas the lithostratigraphy of the type area of the White Head Formation (Percé area) is summarized only. The Arsenault, Garin, and Pabos formations and the Burmingham, Côte de la Surprise, L'Irlande, and Des Jean members of the White Head Formation constitute the stratigraphic sequence in the eastern part of the Aroostook–Percé Anticlinorium. These units are extended to the western part of the anticlinorium in Quebec and in New Brunswick, and also to other Late Ordovician – Early Silurian rocks in the Chaleur Bay and Gaspé – Connecticut Valley synclinoria.Rocks of the Aroostook–Percé Anticlinorium are interpreted as having been deposited by turbidity currents in a relatively deep water basin. Deposition evolved through time from terrigenous to limestone, reflecting a change in source areas.The Grand Pabos fault divides the Aroostook–Percé Anticlinorium between Percé and Carleton into two areas with stratigraphically different sequences. The northern area is dominated by carbonate rocks of the Matapédia Group, whereas the southern area is composed mainly of terrigenous facies of the Honorat Group. Carbonate sedimentation of the White Head Formation started during Late Ordovician time in the northern area but only during Early Silurian times in the southern area. The thickness of the carbonate strata, which reaches 2000 m in the northern area, diminishes to 150 m in the southern area.

A Trial Survey of the Southern Maya Area

1943 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 106-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Eric S. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Central Area ◽  
Formative Period ◽  
Quintana Roo ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
Initial Series ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
British Honduras ◽  
Maya Area

Maya history can be divided into four great periods; the formative, the initial series, the Mexican, and the Mexican absorption. The formative period (prior to A.D. 300) comprises the Mamom and Chicanel phases at Uaxactun and coeval phases found elsewhere in the central area (Petén, British Honduras, Chiapas, Tabasco, lower Motagua, drainage), the northern area (Yucatan, northern Campeche, Quintana Roo) and, as we shall see, the southern area.

THE PROTEIN CONTENT OF CORRESPONDING GRADES OF WHEAT DRAWN FROM THE NORTHERN AND SOUTHERN PORTIONS OF WESTERN CANADA

1943 ◽  
Vol 21c (9) ◽  
pp. 276-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Ansel Anderson ◽  
William J. Eva
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Protein Level ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Average Difference ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Western Area ◽  
Northern Zone ◽  
North Western

Data for 12 crops, 1927 to 1938, have been used to examine the protein contents of Grades 1, 2, and 3 Northern drawn from the northern and north-western area, and from the central and southern area, of Western Canada. The boundary between the areas was taken as that dividing zones averaging over and under 13% protein. Grades 1, 2, and 3 Northern from the southern area averaged 14.2, 14.0, and 14.0% protein; those from the northern area averaged 12.8, 12.0, and 11.6% protein; and the average difference between zones for all three grades was 2.0%. The reasons for the increase in the spread between zones with decreasing grade are discussed. For the 12 yr. period, the average protein content of shipments of Western Canadian wheat is estimated as 13.5%. If no wheat had been shipped from the northern zone the average protein level would have been increased by about 0.5 per cent.

scholarly journals Increasing Cervical Cancer Incidence in Rural Eastern Cape Province of South Africa From 1998 to 2012: A Population-Based Cancer Registry Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Nontuthuzelo I.M. Somdyala ◽  
Debbie Bradshaw ◽  
Muhammad A. Dhansay ◽  
Daniela C. Stefan
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Registry ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
District Health ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Screening Coverage

PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to investigate trends in the age-standardized and age-specific incidence rates in two distinct regions (the northern and southern areas) of South Africa covered by a population-based cancer registry. In addition, trends in coverage of the cervical cancer screening program were assessed using routine health service data. METHODS Occurrences (topography C53.0-C53.9) for the period 1998-2012 were extracted from a cancer registry database from which basic descriptive statistics and frequencies were analyzed for all variables using CanReg4. Trends over time were estimated using a direct standardization method and world standard population as a reference. Screening coverage annualized figures for women age ≥ 30 years by sub–health district were extracted from the District Health Information System. RESULTS In the northern area, annual age-standardized incidence rates per 100,000 women increased from 24.0 (95% CI, 21.1 to 27.0) in 1998-2002 to 39.0 (95% CI, 35.6 to 42.5) in 2008-2012, with a screening coverage rate of 15% by 2012. In contrast, no increase was observed in incidence in the southern area, with rates of 20.0 (95% CI, 18.5 to 21.4) in 1998-2002 and 18.8 (95% CI, 16.2 to 21.4) in 2008-2012, and the southern area had a higher screening coverage of 41% in 2012. Overall, the percentage distribution of stage at diagnosis showed that 28.5% of occurrences were diagnosed at disease stages I and II and 35%, at III and IV; 36% had with missing stage information (2003-2012). In 77% of occurrences, a histologically verified diagnosis was made, compared with only 12.3% by cytology. CONCLUSION This study has demonstrated an almost two-fold increase in the incidence rate in the northern area but little change in the southern area of the cancer registry.

Trans-Pacific graptolite faunal relations: the biostratigraphic position of the base of the Cincinnatian Series (Upper Ordovician) in the standard Australian graptolite zone succession

1990 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 992-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stig M. Bergström ◽  
Charles E. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
Upper Ordovician ◽  
Important Species ◽  
Type Area ◽  
Cincinnatian Series ◽  
Early Late ◽  
Drill Cores

Recent studies of drill-cores and outcrops have resulted in the discovery of previously unknown, taxonomically diverse, graptolite faunas in the late Middle (Mohawkian) and early Late Ordovician (Cincinnatian) strata in the Cincinnati region, the type area of the Cincinnatian Series. These faunas contain several zonal indices and other biostratigraphically important species that are used for close correlation with the standard graptolite zone succession in New York and Quebec. The new data show that the base of the Cincinnatian Series in its type area is near the middle of the Climacograptus (Diplacanthograptus) spiniferus Zone. Significantly, about a dozen Cincinnati region graptolite species are shared with apparently coeval strata in the standard Australian graptolite zone succession in Victoria, and this key faunal evidence indicates that the base of the typical Cincinnatian corresponds to a level near the middle of the Climacograptus (Climacograptus) baragwanathi Zone (Ea2) of the Eastonian Stage. This represents a considerable revision of some recently published correlations of the basal Cincinnatian in terms of the Australian graptolite zone succession.

Niuean

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Brown ◽  
Kara Tukuitonga
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
South Pacific ◽  
The South ◽  
Vowel Length ◽  
Female Speaker ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Northern Area ◽  
Southern Area ◽  
Male Speaker ◽  
Number Of Individuals

Niuean (ISO 639-3 code niu) is a Polynesian language spoken on the island of Niue, with an additional population of speakers living in New Zealand. Figure 1 indicates where Niue is located with respect to other neighboring islands in the South Pacific. The 2011 Niue Census of Populations and Households cited the number of individuals who had either basic or fluent spoken abilities at 1121 (with 101 non-speakers) (Statistics Niue 2012). English is the second most widely used language on the island. The 2013 New Zealand census cited 4548 individuals living in New Zealand who listed Niuean as one of their languages (Statistics New Zealand 2013). Niuean is classified as ‘definitely endangered’ by UNESCO (Moseley 2010). There are historically two distinct dialects: the older Motu dialect from the northern area, and the more recent Tafiti from the southern area. These dialect differences were once reflected in slight phonological differences in vocabulary items, but the differences have since eroded in the modern language (see McEwen 1970: ix). Previous research on Niuean phonetics and phonology includes a brief outline in Seiter (1980: x), two dictionaries (McEwen 1970, Sperlich 1997), and an article on vowel length (Rolle & Starks 2014). While these works provide an overview of some of the phenomena to be addressed below, this sketch attempts a more thorough documentation of the phonetic structures of Niuean, and provides novel acoustic and articulatory data from the language. Recordings accompanying this paper are of a male speaker (Mr. Krypton Okesene) and a female speaker (the second author).

The Torridon Group

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-46 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Sediments ◽  
Lower Cambrian ◽  
Red Sandstone ◽  
Maximum Thickness ◽  
Lithostratigraphic Unit ◽  
Gneiss Complex ◽  
Head Formation ◽  
Group Form ◽  
Lake Deposits ◽  
Unconformity Surface

The group unconformably overlies both the Lewisian gneiss complex and the Stoer Group, and is in turn unconformably overlain by the Lower Cambrian (Figs 2 & 22). The unconformity surface at the base is generally rugged, with relief reaching 600 m. The maximum thickness of the Torridon Group is about 7 km onshore and 6 km offshore in the Sea of the Hebrides basin (Stein 1988, fig. 11; 1992, fig. 2B), but albitization of the highest beds indicates that the original thickness was 3-4 km greater. Lake deposits at the bottom of the group occupying palaeovalleys in the gneiss are followed by kilometres of red sandstones, all deposited in a subsiding rift. Alluvial sands interfinger with lake sediments to form cyclothems at the top of the group. As mentioned in the Introduction the Torridon Group is by far the most extensive and voluminous part of the Torridonian (see Plate 1), but nevertheless poses fewer problems of interpretation than the Stoer and Sleat Groups.The formal stratigraphy established by the Geological Survey (Geikie 1894) has been retained even though it is in some respects unsatisfactory. The sediments filling the palaeovalleys at the base of the group form a well-defined lithostratigraphic unit, the Diabaig Formation, characterized by breccias and sandstones derived from the immediately adjacent basement (Fig. 23). The Cailleach Head Formation at the top of the Group is also a valid lithostratigraphic unit, formed of coarsening-upward cyclothems of grey shale and red sandstone. The bulk of the Torridon Group, however, is

scholarly journals Provenance and paleogeography of post-Middle Ordovician, pre-Devonian sedimentary basins on the Gander composite terrane, eastern and east-central Maine: implications for Silurian tectonics in the northern Appalachians

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 ◽  
pp. 063-085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allan Ludman ◽  
John T. Hopeck ◽  
Henry N. Berry IV
Keyword(s):  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Late Ordovician ◽  
The West ◽  
East Central ◽  
Early Devonian ◽  
Middle Ordovician ◽  
Regional Correlation ◽  
Orogenic Wedge ◽  
Connecticut Valley ◽  
Seismic Reflection Profiles

Recent mapping in eastern and east-central Maine addresses long-standing regional correlation issues and permits reconstruction of post-Middle Ordovician, pre-Devonian paleogeography of sedimentary basins on the Ganderian composite terrane. Two major Late Ordovician-Silurian depocenters are recognized in eastern Maine and western New Brunswick separated by an emergent Miramichi terrane: the Fredericton trough to the southeast and a single basin comprising the Central Maine and Aroostook-Matapedia sequences to the northwest. This Central Maine/Aroostook-Matapedia (CMAM) basin received sediment from both the Miramichi highland to the east and highlands and islands to the west, including the pre-Late Ordovician Boundary Mountains, Munsungun-Pennington, and Weeksboro-Lunksoos terranes. Lithofacies in the Fredericton trough are truncated and telescoped by faulting along its flanks but suggest a similar basin that received sediment from highlands to the west (Miramichi) and east (St. Croix).Deposition ended in the Fredericton trough following burial and deformation in the Late Silurian, but continued in the CMAM basin until Early Devonian Acadian folding. A westward-migrating Acadian orogenic wedge provided a single eastern source of sediment for the composite CMAM basin after the Salinic/Early Acadian event, replacing the earlier, more local sources. The CMAM, Fredericton, and Connecticut Valley-Gaspé depocenters were active immediately following the Taconian orogeny and probably formed during extension related to post-Taconian plate adjustments. These basins thus predate Acadian foreland sedimentation.Structural analysis and seismic reflection profiles indicate a greater degree of post-depositional crustal shortening than previously interpreted. Late Acadian and post-Acadian strike-slip faulting on the Norumbega and Central Maine Boundary fault systems distorted basin geometries but did not disturb paleogeographic components drastically.

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