The role of measurement error on the interpretation of otolith increment width in the study of growth in larval fish

2001 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 2204-2212 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Pepin ◽  
J F Dower ◽  
H P Benoît
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Environmental Conditions ◽  
Serial Correlation ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Increment Width ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Otolith Increment ◽  
Clear Increase

Patterns in increment widths and the associated measurement error were studied in the otoliths of radiated shanny (Ulvaria subbifurcata) larvae sampled from the field. Mean increment widths increased with larval age, whereas the relative measurement error decreased. Furthermore, the level of serial correlation in increment widths showed a clear increase with age. When measurement error was taken into consideration, the pattern of serial correlation indicates that an individual's growth increments did not show the effect of changes in local environmental conditions for at least 3 days, independent of age. Only after that period can we hope to detect the effect of environmental influences on increment widths (and by inference growth rates). The patterns of measurement error and serial correlation will have direct impacts on our ability to find the influence of environmental conditions on growth rates of individual larvae and determine patterns of selective loss in a population of larval fish.

Otoliths of Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha): Daily Growth Increments and Factors Influencing Their Production

1982 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1340-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Neilson ◽  
Glen H. Geen
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Fish Length ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Otolith Growth ◽  
Increment Width ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Otolith Increment

The effects of photoperiod, feeding frequency, and water temperature on formation of otolith daily growth increments in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were examined. Feeding frequency influenced both increment number and width, whereas photoperiod and temperature affected only increment width. Fish fed once/24 h produced one increment every 24 h on average, while fish fed 4 times/24 h produced more than one increment every 24 h. Wider increments were produced in fish exposed to warmer water (11 °C) or 24 h of darkness. The ratio of otolith size to fish size remained constant throughout and between the photoperiod, temperature, and feeding frequency experiments, regardless of the number or width of increments produced. Although otolith growth is isometric with respect to increase in fish length under these experimental regimes, otolith microstructure will differ in fish of the same size reared under different environmental conditions. An understanding of factors affecting otolith increment production is required before increment number and width can be used to assess growth rates.Key words: otolith, daily, growth increments, chinook salmon

Daily Growth Rates as Indicated by Valve Ridges in Postlarval Giant Scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) (Bivalvia: Pectinidae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 456-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Jay Parsons ◽  
Shawn M. C. Robinson ◽  
John C. Roff ◽  
Michael J. Dadswell
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Shell Height ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Placopecten Magellanicus ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Daily Growth ◽  
Alizarin Red ◽  
Growth Increments

Postlarval giant scallop (Placopecten magellanicus) were examined for daily growth ridges and growth rates by marking the dissoconch shell with Alizarin red dye. The surface of the left valve of postlarvae was composed of concentric ridges, each consisting of a series of irregularly shaped raised nodules. Ridges were clear and distinct in newly settled scallop between ≈0.25 and 2.0 mm shell height. The shell of postlarvae >2 mm was pigmented and ribbed and ridges were no longer distinguishable. Estimated age was significantly correlated with actual age, suggesting that growth ridges were produced daily, under the environmental conditions of Passamaquoddy Bay. Mean growth rate ranged from 32 to 57 μm∙d−1 and was proportional to size and age, but growth of individual scallop showed no coherence in their daily growth patterns. The short-term growth ridges in postlarval giant scallop can be used to determine age and can be applied to comparative growth, mortality, and recruitment studies of newly settled individuals <2.0 mm (≈40 d old postsettlement). The high accuracy and precision of age determination for postlarval scallop differs from studies of short-term internal growth increments of bivalve shells and larval fish otoliths.

Microstructural growth patterns in the otoliths of larval and juvenile starry flounder, Platichthys stellatus

1984 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1507-1512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven E. Campana
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Curvilinear Relationship ◽  
Juvenile Growth ◽  
Increment Width ◽  
Fish Size ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Platichthys Stellatus

Microstructural growth patterns were examined and interpreted in the otoliths of both wild and laboratory-reared starry flounders, Platichthys stellatus. Growth increments were not formed with a daily periodicity in laboratory-reared larvae. However, increment counts increased with the degree of sample preparation, suggesting that increments near the resolving limit of light microscopy were not being observed. Increments in wild flounder sagittae were more clearly defined under both light and electron microscopy; in addition, larval and juvenile growth patterns could be easily differentiated. A transition zone between the growth regions corresponded to the size and age at metamorphosis. An increase of increment width with larval age resulted from a curvilinear relationship between otolith diameter and fish size. Larval growth rates of wild fish remained relatively constant at 0.25 mm/day until metamorphosis; juvenile growth rates were substantially higher. Metamorphosis was characterized by a sudden but temporary decline in growth rate.

Variability in the formation and detection of growth increments in bivalve shells

Paleobiology ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter W. Hughes ◽  
Conrad D. Clausen
Keyword(s):  
Computer Program ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Serial Correlation ◽  
Striking Similarity ◽  
Increment Width ◽  
Growth Increments ◽  
Quantitative Results ◽  
Protothaca Staminea ◽  
Bivalve Shells ◽  
Visual Observations

Growth increments in bivalve shells have been used in geophysics and paleoecology. However, little study has been given to the variability of increment patterns within and between shells. The variability of increment patterns is examined visually and quantitatively, with the help of a serial correlation computer program. Analyses of increment patterns of the bivalvesChione fluctifragaandProtothaca staminea(Veneridae) indicate that: 1) quantitative results complement the visual observations; 2) increments are not consistently detected during successive measurements; 3) a striking similarity exists between right and left valves of the same specimen; and 4) different specimens collected from the same natural environment do not show any one-to-one increment relationship—however, increment width trends may be present. The variation of increment patterns seen between specimens suggests caution in the use of bivalve increments in paleoecology.

scholarly journals Panel data unit roots tests: The role of serial correlation and the time dimension

2007 ◽  
Vol 137 (1) ◽  
pp. 230-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan De Wachter ◽  
Richard D.F. Harris ◽  
Elias Tzavalis
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Serial Correlation ◽  
Unit Roots ◽  
Time Dimension

Characterizing spatial structures of larval fish assemblages at multiple scales in relation to environmental heterogeneity in the Strait of Georgia (British Columbia, Canada)

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1902-1914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Guan ◽  
John F. Dower ◽  
Pierre Pepin
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Environmental Heterogeneity ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Larval Fish ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Multiscale Approach ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Strait Of Georgia ◽  
Medium Scale

Spatial structures of larval fish in the Strait of Georgia (British Columbia, Canada) were quantified in the springs of 2009 and 2010 to investigate linkages to environmental heterogeneity at multiple scales. By applying a multiscale approach, principal coordinate neighborhood matrices, spatial variability was decomposed into three predefined scale categories: broad scale (>40 km), medium scale (20∼40 km), and fine scale (<20 km). Spatial variations in larval density of the three dominant fish taxa with different early life histories (Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii), Pacific hake (Merluccius productus), and northern smoothtongue (Leuroglossus schmidti)) were mainly structured at broad and medium scales, with scale-dependent associations with environmental descriptors varying interannually and among species. Larval distributions in the central-southern Strait were mainly associated with salinity, temperature, and vertical stability of the top 50 m of the water column on the medium scale. Our results emphasize the critical role of local estuarine circulation, especially at medium spatial scale, in structuring hierarchical spatial distributions of fish larvae in the Strait of Georgia and suggest the role of fundamental differences in life-history traits in influencing the formation and maintenance of larval spatial structures.

scholarly journals The Role of Measurement Error and Misclassification in Mediation Analysis

Epidemiology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 561-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler J. VanderWeele ◽  
Linda Valeri ◽  
Elizabeth L. Ogburn
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Error ◽  
Mediation Analysis

scholarly journals Role of carbon allocation efficiency in the temperature dependence of autotroph growth rates

2018 ◽  
Vol 115 (31) ◽  
pp. E7361-E7368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo García-Carreras ◽  
Sofía Sal ◽  
Daniel Padfield ◽  
Dimitrios-Georgios Kontopoulos ◽  
Elvire Bestion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Temperature Dependence ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Carbon Allocation ◽  
Thermal Sensitivity ◽  
Potential Growth ◽  
Allocation Efficiency ◽  
Population Growth Rates ◽  
Performance Curves

Relating the temperature dependence of photosynthetic biomass production to underlying metabolic rates in autotrophs is crucial for predicting the effects of climatic temperature fluctuations on the carbon balance of ecosystems. We present a mathematical model that links thermal performance curves (TPCs) of photosynthesis, respiration, and carbon allocation efficiency to the exponential growth rate of a population of photosynthetic autotroph cells. Using experiments with the green alga, Chlorella vulgaris, we apply the model to show that the temperature dependence of carbon allocation efficiency is key to understanding responses of growth rates to warming at both ecological and longer-term evolutionary timescales. Finally, we assemble a dataset of multiple terrestrial and aquatic autotroph species to show that the effects of temperature-dependent carbon allocation efficiency on potential growth rate TPCs are expected to be consistent across taxa. In particular, both the thermal sensitivity and the optimal temperature of growth rates are expected to change significantly due to temperature dependence of carbon allocation efficiency alone. Our study provides a foundation for understanding how the temperature dependence of carbon allocation determines how population growth rates respond to temperature.

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