The Vitamin B12 Activity of Natural Material with Particular Reference to Cod Liver Protein

1952 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Guttmann ◽  
F. A. Vandenheuvel
Keyword(s):  
Previous History ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Liver Protein ◽  
Sodium Bisulphite ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Step ◽  
Diverse Origin ◽  
The Stability

Investigations concerning the stability of a group of factors contained in cod liver residue and displaying vitamin B12 activity have led to the conclusion that under the conditions prevailing during the rendering process, as developed at the Atlantic Fisheries Experimental Station, little or no deactivation occurs. This is in sharp contrast with what occurs under more drastic conditions such as used in the alkali-digestion process.The study of the microbiological method used for the determination of vitamin B12 activity has shown that one step of the analytical procedure, namely, that phase during which the extraction of the sample is performed, is responsible for anomalous results. Deactivation occurs during this stage to an extent which varies according to the previous history of the material. The addition of thioglycolic acid or ascorbic acid during this period does not effectively protect the material unless culture medium is added as well. Medium alone is inefficient. Sodium bisulphite on the other hand exerts protection even in the absence of medium. This effect of sodium bisulphite applies not only to cod liver residue, but also to materials of diverse origin, mammalian viscera included. The data obtained show that vitamin B12 itself is not involved; presumably vitamin B12a and vitamin B12b are, although there is no direct evidence of their presence in cod liver.As a protection during extraction, 0.08 per cent to 0.1 per cent of sodium bisulphite calculated on the amount of wet material appeared to be optimum.

scholarly journals Factores de riesgo del síndrome confusional agudo en ancianos hospitalizados.

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Rodado ◽  
Irine Aragon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Factores De Riesgo ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transversal Study ◽  
Special Relevance ◽  
Control Study

Background: Acute confusional syndrome is a current problem of special relevance among elderlypatients admitted to hospital medical services. The determination of its risk factors is an essential process in the development and implementation of programs to prevent this complication. Methods: With the mentioned aim we have carried out this case-control study as an analytical, observational, retrospective and transversal study, whose source population was integrated by 60 patients over age 65 according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two groups: with and without delirium. Discussion: Our analysis has confirmed the association between these factors and delirium: illness severity; previous history of Delirium (OR 10.6); mental status (OR 7.3); high risk medications (OR 6.9); renal failure (OR 6.5); medication at risk added (OR 6); physical status (OR 5.2); use of neuroleptics (OR5.1); anemia (OR 4.75); sodium alterations (OR 4.5); urinary catheter (OR 3.8); low albumin (OR 3.7); infection (OR 3.1). Conclusion: There is no relationship proved between acute confusional syndrom and the following factors: use of benzodiazepines, aggressive procedures, immobility, old age, dementia, diminished ADL skills, co-morbidity and polypharmacy, even if they have been identified as risk factors in previous studies. Hence, these results should be interpreted with caution.

Simple Colorimetric Method for Determination of Thiamine Hydrochloride in Pharmauceuticals

1985 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-85
Author(s):  
Ramesh T Sane ◽  
Vipul J Doshi ◽  
Swati Jukar ◽  
Sanjay K Joshi ◽  
Satish V Sawant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Extract ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Dosage Forms ◽  
Vitamin B ◽  
Thiamine Hydrochloride ◽  
Calcium Pantothenate ◽  
Statistical Validation ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
The Stability

Abstract A simple colorimetric method is described for the determination of thiamine hydrochloride (vitamin B,) in dosage forms. The method is based on measurement of a yellow complex formed when thiamine HC1 is treated with /7-methylaminophenol sulfate (Metol) under alkaline conditions. Compounds such as vitamins A, B2, B6, B,2, C, D, and E, and niacinamide, citric acid, liquid glucose, calcium pantothenate, biotin, liver extract, and folic acid do not interfere in the reaction. Extracting the complex into chloroform before quantitation enhances the stability of the reaction product and removes interference of watersoluble colored constituents in syrup samples. Statistical validation shows that the method is precise and accurate. Results agree well with those obtained by other methods in the literature

Pitfalls in the determination of intracranial spread of complicated suppurative sinusitis

1996 ◽  
Vol 110 (7) ◽  
pp. 673-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. J. Conlon ◽  
A. Curran ◽  
C. V. Timon
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Intracranial Extension ◽  
Sinus Disease ◽  
Grand Mal ◽  
History Of ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

AbstractWe present two cases of suppurative sinusitis that presented to our casualty department over a one-week period. Both patients suffered complications of the disease secondary to extension of the inflammatory process beyond the bony confines of the sinus. Neither of the patients had a previous history of sinus disease. The first patient deteriorated suddenly 24 hours after admission. The initial computed tomography (CT) scan failed to demonstrate a developing subdural empyema. This complication was confirmed following repeat scanning 24 hours later and the patient required urgent neurosurgical intervention and drainage. The second patient presented with periorbital cellulitis secondary to sinusitis and suffered a grand mal seziure on admission. Once again initial CT scan changes were subtle and significant intracranial extension was not noted until the subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan was performed.The purpose of this paper is to highlight the potential dangers over reliance on CT scanning in diagnosing early intracranial spread of sinus disease and we emphasise that the clinician must interpret any radiological investigations in light of the associated clinical findings.

Stability and capacity of walking mechanism for moving of excavators

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-52
Author(s):  
G. V. Kazachenko ◽  
◽  
G. A. Basalay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Deformation ◽  
Vertical Plane ◽  
Bearing Surface ◽  
Pressure Center ◽  
Friction Forces ◽  
History Of ◽  
Walking Mechanism ◽  
The Stability ◽  
History Of Engineering

The authors discuss design of waling mechanisms intended for moving of single-bucket excavators. History of engineering and application of these mechanisms is given in brief. The authors also mention relations obtained for determining pressures and deformation of bearing surface under under the walking mechanism support shoes. The stability of walking excavators is considered with an assumption that the bearing surface deformation linearly depends on the pressure transferred to it by the excavator undercarriage. To understand the changes in the pressure on the bearing surface during walking, the cam walking mechanism work diagram is shown, which is divided into four typical phases for the convenience. The shape and dimensions of the bearing surface of the excavator during walking are studied, which makes it possible to find deformation of the bearing surface under the shoes. The analysis of energy consumed to move the excavator takes into account the gravity and friction forces, as well as the energy intake to overcome the inertial forces of lift and simultaneous turn of the machine in the vertical plane. The requirements of the machine movement are: the pressure under the excavator base must be lower than the allowable pressure for rock mass composing the bearing surface under analysis; the radius of the support base should be such that the pressure center is never beyond the core of crosssection. Determination of power for the operation of the walking mechanism is based on calculation of the energy consumption for lifting the excavator and overcoming friction between the excavator base and the bearing surface. Finally, the main outcomes of the study are summarized: the operation of the walking mechanisms is associated with significant dynamic loads induced in the machine steelworks; the power required for the operation of such mechanisms undergoes significant changes during walking and is mostly spent to overcome the resistance of the machine inertia; the power consumption is mostly associated with superstructure lifting and wheel dragging along the bearing surface given there is no backward slip of the shoes.

scholarly journals Comparison of Weight-Bearing and Non-Weight-Bearing Conditions on Knee Joint Reposition Sense

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J. Higgins ◽  
David H. Perrin
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Chain Condition ◽  
Position Sense ◽  
Joint Position Sense ◽  
Open Chain ◽  
Closed Chain ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

In this study, joint reposition sense of the knee in a non-weight-bearing (NWB) state and that in a weight-bearing (WB) state were compared, and it was determined whether a significant relationship existed between knee displacement (KD) and joint reposition sense. The dominant knees of 8 male and 12 female subjects (age 19–26 years, M ±SD= 21.5 ± 2.06) who had no previous history of knee dysfunction were tested for accuracy of angular reproduction in the WB and NWB states. There was a significant difference in the accuracy of angular repositioning between the two conditions, with the WB test having less deviation from the predetermined angle. There was a weak relationship between KD and the ability to reproduce specific angles of the knee. These results suggest that the WB or closed chain state of the knee was more accurate in the determination of joint position sense than the NWB or open chain condition.

scholarly journals Risk factors of acute confusional syndrome in elderly hospitalized in the Hospital Reina Sofía of Murcia. Retrospective case and controls

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Rodado ◽  
Irine Aragon
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transversal Study ◽  
Special Relevance ◽  
Control Study

Background: Acute confusional syndrome is a current problem of special relevance among elderlypatients admitted to hospital medical services. The determination of its risk factors is an essential process in the development and implementation of programs to prevent this complication. Methods: With the mentioned aim we have carried out this case-control study as an analytical, observational, retrospective and transversal study, whose source population was integrated by 60 patients over age 65 according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and divided into two groups: with and without delirium. Discussion: Our analysis has confirmed the association between these factors and delirium: illness severity; previous history of Delirium (OR 10.6); mental status (OR 7.3); high risk medications (OR 6.9); renal failure (OR 6.5); medication at risk added (OR 6); physical status (OR 5.2); use of neuroleptics (OR5.1); anemia (OR 4.75); sodium alterations (OR 4.5); urinary catheter (OR 3.8); low albumin (OR 3.7); infection (OR 3.1). Conclusion: There is no relationship proved between acute confusional syndrom and the following factors: use of benzodiazepines, aggressive procedures, immobility, old age, dementia, diminished ADL skills, co-morbidity and polypharmacy, even if they have been identified as risk factors in previous studies. Hence, these results should be interpreted with caution.

scholarly journals Etiology and types of necrotizing periodontal diseases

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazeed Abdullah Abdullah ◽  
Abdulhameed G. Albeshr ◽  
Ala'a Abdulkalq Albasher ◽  
Abdullah Saeed Alassiri ◽  
Mahmood Abdulaziz Shater ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Oral Lesions ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Systemic Involvement ◽  
History Of

Necrotizing periodontal diseases pose a clinical significance because it has been associated with a severe prognosis that can cumulatively lead to rapid tissue destruction. A slow rate of destruction has been reported for patients with necrotizing periodontal diseases, and reports show that chronicity might be a characteristic in some patients, while many patients might also suffer from disease recurrence. The association of other oral lesions might also be a characteristic in some situations, which usually occurs in cases when systemic involvement is present. In the present literature review, we aim to discuss the etiology and types of necrotizing periodontal diseases based on evidence from the different related studies in the literature. Microbiology plays an important role in the pathogenesis of the condition, and some organisms as spirochetes were directly correlated with the etiology of the condition. Evidence also shows that the presence of the different risk factors might be the major contributor to the development of the condition as different risk factors were found to be directly correlated with the disease. Among the different factors, impacted host immune response and the presence of deteriorating systemic conditions have been widely reported in the literature as significant factors predisposing to developing the disease. Other factors as smoking and alcohol consumption, previous history of the disease, and other oral lesions, were also reported. Further research is needed for better classification of the condition and determination of more significant risk factors.

scholarly journals Prevalence and stability of SARS CoV-2 RNA on Bangladeshi banknotes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina Akter ◽  
Pravas Chandra Roy ◽  
Amina Ferdaus ◽  
Habiba Ibnat ◽  
A.S.M. Rubayet Ul Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Direct Contact ◽  
Weibull Model ◽  
Viral Rna ◽  
N Gene ◽  
Convex Curve ◽  
Conventional Pcr ◽  
Virus Rna ◽  
History Of ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Stability

AbstractOriginating at December 2019 in China, SARS-CoV-2 has emerged as the deadliest pandemic in the history of mankind. Along with direct contact and droplet contaminations, possibility of infections through contaminated surfaces and fomites are being investigated. In this study, we aim to assess the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA by real time one-step reverse transcriptase PCR on banknotes being circulating in Bangladesh. We also assessed the persistence of the virus on banknotes spiked with SARS-CoV-2 positive diluted human nasopharyngeal samples. Among the 425 banknote samples collected from different entities, 7.29% (n= 31) were tested positive for targeted genes. Twenty four representative positive samples were assessed for N gene fragments by conventional PCR and sequenced. All the samples carry viral RNA belonged to GR clade, the predominant circulating clade in Bangladesh. In the test of stability, the N gene was detected for up to 72 h on banknotes spiked with nasopharyngeal samples and CT values increases significantly with time (p<0.05). ORF1b gene was observed to be less stable specially on old banknotes and usually went beyond detectable limit within 8 to 10 h. The stability of virus RNA was well fitted by Weibull model and concave curve for new banknotes and convex curve for old banknotes have been revealed. Handling of banknotes is unavoidable; hence these findings implicated that in order to limit SARS-CoV-2 transmission through banknotes proper hygiene practice are needed.

Conscience as a factor of moral reliability of personality

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-35
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Moral Responsibility ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Moral Choice ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Moral Self ◽  
Scientific Thought ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Stability

We presented the review of researches of conscience as factor of moral reliability of the personality in the history of a scientific thought since Antiquity in various philosophical and psychological concepts, our determination of conscience in terms of psychology, we showed the conscience ratio with spirituality of the personality and with moral reliability. We listed the components of conscience (honor, duty, dignity, justice), its functions (moral freedom, moral responsibility, moral self-esteem, moral self-control, altruism), manifestations (shame, guilt, repentance, pride, rightness, redemption) and mechanisms (will, reflection and empathy). We justified a secular understanding of conscience as a factor of moral reliability, unlike religious. We showed the ratio of existential faith, conscience and moral reliability. We discussed the problem of conscience and reliability of criminals and psychopathic personalities; the ratio of the sensual and rational in conscience as a factor of moral and moral reliability; the problem of conscience education. We justified our understanding of conscience as a measure of the significance of moral value in a situation of moral choice, which acts as the spiritual and moral basis for the manifestation of reliability, which is reflected in the value of concrete actions that ensure in its totality the stability and dynamic development of society.

scholarly journals DEVELOPING AND TESTING A METHOD FOR DEFORMATIONS MEASUREMENTS OF STRUCTURES

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid L. A. El-ASHMAWY
Keyword(s):  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Dynamic Monitoring ◽  
Concentrated Load ◽  
Total Station ◽  
Vertical Displacements ◽  
Variable Displacement ◽  
One Step ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Displacement Transducers

Dynamic monitoring of structures is an important task in civil engineering that aims to determine the stability and safety of a structure by using information about its deformations. This paper describes the development of a method for the determination of structures deformations. The proposed method is developed to add a new solution to traditional methods of angle intersection and trigonometric leveling. It is designed to provide a simultaneous solution to all observations in one step using least squares solution to improve the expected accuracy and to generate the necessary data for statistical analysis. A practical experiment was made, where the observations of 7 deformation points on a simply supported steel beam with concentrated load were measured using the proposed method, total station and linear variable displacement transducers (LVDTs). Deflections measured directly from LVDTs were used as a reference for assessment of the serviceability of the beam. The results show that for the maximum deflection at mid-span of the beam, the differences between the measured deflections from LVDTs and proposed method are less than 0.87 mm corresponding to an error of 4.3%, while they are less than 1.32 mm causing an error of 12.5% for the case of total station measurements. Based on root mean square error values, the accuracy of point displacements determination using the proposed method is much better than total station measurements. The proposed method is suitable for the accurate determination of horizontal and vertical displacements and provides a realistic solution for monitoring structures at both entire structure and member levels.

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