Structure and Affinities of Freshwater Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Populations

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1708-1714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F. Brussard ◽  
Marjorie Collings Hall ◽  
Janet Wright
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Clustering Methods ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Simultaneous Test ◽  
Population Structuring ◽  
Starch Gel

We have examined genetic differentiation at 23 loci in 12 populations of sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, by means of starch gel electrophoresis. Based on two measures of overall genetic distance and two clustering methods, our analysis shows that there are three genetically distinct groups of lamprey in eastern North America: (1) anadromous populations plus those in Lake Champlain, (2) populations in Lake Erie and the upper Great Lakes, and (3) populations in Lake Ontario and three interior New York Lakes (Cayuga, Seneca, and Oneida). Analysis of population subdivision using contiguity partitions and simultaneous test procedures (STP) confirms the above conclusions and offers additional insight into the genetic structure of lamprey in this area.Key words: sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus; genetic variation, electrophoresis, population structuring

Genetic Identification of Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Populations from the Lake Superior Basin

1981 ◽  
Vol 38 (12) ◽  
pp. 1832-1837 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles C. Krueger ◽  
George R. Spangler
Keyword(s):  
Lake Superior ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Significant Degree ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Genetic Identification ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Passive Transport ◽  
Population Structuring ◽  
F Statistics

Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) ammocoetes collected from 18 locations within Lake Superior were electrophoretically analyzed for genetic variability at 25 enzyme loci. Analysis by F statistics and χ2 tests indicated that a significant degree of population structuring occurs among lampreys from Lake Superior. Cluster analysis of genetic distances generally grouped collections that were in close geographical proximity to each other. A weak but significant correlation was detected between genetic and geographic distances. It was concluded that multiple populations of sea lamprey occur within Lake Superior. If this is the case, then sea lamprey control emphasis might shift from individual streams to population regions to minimize the rate of reestablishment subsequent to chemical treatment. It may also be wise to avoid the planting of fish species with migratory habits so as to prevent the passive transport of adult lampreys out of their population areas.Key words: lamprey, Petromyzon, genetics, population identification, Lake Superior, electrophoresis, management

Population genetics of two tropical sharks, Carcharhinus tilstoni and C. sorrah, in Northern Australia

1989 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 541 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Lavery ◽  
JB Shaklee
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Coast ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Sufficient Variation

The genetic structure of the Australian populations of Carcharhinus tilstoni and C. sorrah was investigated by starch gel electrophoresis. Tissue samples were taken from 1580 sharks from throughout the fishery, which extends from the North-West Shelf (off Western Australia) to the north-eastern coast of Queensland. From a total of 47 enzyme loci screened in each species, 13 proved to be polymorphic (P0.99) for at least one species, with only 5 loci for each species showing sufficient variation (P0.95) to be of use in the analysis of population structure. Mean heterozygosity values were relatively low: 0.037 for C. tilstoni and 0.035 for C. sorrah. A low level of population subdivision was found within each species, with FST values of 0.0094 for C. tilstoni and 0.0076 for C. sorrah. There was insufficient evidence to suggest that there is more than one population of either species of shark in Australian waters.

Order of Succession of Different Types of Infraoral Lamina in Landlocked Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)

1961 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 1125-1143 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. D. Vladykov ◽  
G. N. Mukerji
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
The Other ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Basal Portion ◽  
Type Intermediate

Infraoral lamina were studied of 630 lampreys from Lake Erie, Ontario, Lake Seneca, New York, and the Père Marquette River, Michigan. The number of cusps on the first set of the lamina is always repeated in consecutive new sets, but the size of the cusps and their orientation vary. The width of the lamina increases slowly from 4.5 to 16.5 mm, with successive replacements of the corneous sheath. The main types of lamina are: normal (teeth large, evenly spaced, their points nearly parallel), inclined (teeth large, evenly spaced, their tips inclined mesad), and rosebud (teeth very small and clustered near the middle of the lamina; concentric lines on the basal portion). There is also the type intermediate between inclined and normal. Newly transformed lampreys and others less than 180 mm long have normal laminae. The rosebud lamina is characteristic of half-grown specimens, being most frequent among lampreys 250–400 mm long. In adults, feeding in lakes, the predominant type is the inclined lamina. In spawning specimens the normal lamina is most characteristic. Thus the usual succession throughout life is: normal, rosebud, inclined, and finally normal again. In spawning specimens there are two new sheaths underneath the old one, one below the other.

Importance of Condition Factor and the Influence of Water Temperature and Photoperiod on Metamorphosis of Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 2448-2456 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Youson ◽  
J. A. Holmes ◽  
J. A. Guchardi ◽  
J. G. Seelye ◽  
R. E. Beaver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Condition Factor ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Minimum Length ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Influence Of Water

The incidence of metamorphosis of larval sea lamprey, Petromyzon marinus, was strongly affected by water temperature but not photoperiod. In a 1991 experiment, the development of metamorphosing animals in 13 °C water was retarded about 1 mo relative to animals metamorphosing at 21 °C and to a population from the Chippewa River, Michigan; the minimum length, weight, and condition factor (CF) of metamorphosing experimental animals were 117 mm, 2.8 g, and 1.50, respectively, and only 4% metamorphosed at 13 °C and 18.9% at 21 °C. In 1992, with a population from the Great Chazy River, New York, 66% of the animals at 13 °C and 84% at 21 °C metamorphosed. The higher incidence of metamorphosis in 1992 is partly related to the use of larvae that were larger than the minima established in 1991. We predicted, using criteria defined below, that 74 and 72% of the animals at 13 and 21 °C, respectively, would metamorphose. Our predictions were consistent with observations at 13 °C and for five of seven replicate tanks at 21 °C. We suggest that a presumptive metamorphosing sea lamprey in landlocked populations should be at least 120 mm long, weigh 3.0 g, and have a CF ≥ 1.50 and that these criteria must be used in conjunction.

Problems with Samples of Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) Ammocoetes Used in Stock Identification Studies

1984 ◽  
Vol 41 (10) ◽  
pp. 1421-1427 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. D. Jacobson ◽  
R. L. Torblaa ◽  
R. H. Morman
Keyword(s):  
Lake Michigan ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey ◽  
Allelic Frequency ◽  
Frequency Variation ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Stock Identification ◽  
Enzyme Systems ◽  
Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium

Allelic variation in sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) ammocoetes from the Lake Huron, Lake Michigan, and Lake Superior drainage basins was studied by starch gel electrophoresis. Previously untried enzyme systems were examined in sea lamprey ammocoetes. No new polymorphic enzyme systems were found. The allelic frequencies of ammocoete samples frequently failed to conform to Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium values. Allelic frequency variation observed among samples from the same drainage was larger than the variation observed among drainages. The results of this study and field observations suggest that the effective size of spawning groups that contribute progeny to samples is often small. These factors make ammocoete samples undesirable for use in stock identification studies.

Genetic variation and population subdivision in Australian barramundi, Lates calcarifer (Bloch)

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
JB Shaklee ◽  
JP Salini
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Allele Frequencies ◽  
Population Subdivision ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Average Heterozygosity ◽  
Lates Calcarifer ◽  
Repeated Sampling ◽  
Starch Gel

Starch gel electrophoresis of enzymes and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of muscle proteins were used to study genetic variation in 589 barramundi from three widely separated regions in northern Australia. Presumed genetic variation was observed at 16 loci (out of 46 screened). However, only 11 of these were polymorphic at the p0.99 level. The average heterozygosity in this species was 0.032. In nearly all cases, genotypic proportions agreed closely with Hardy-Weinberg expectations. Repeated sampling in each region revealed little or no change in allele frequencies over a period of several months. Similarly, comparisons of allele frequencies for fish from marine and from freshwater localities in the south-eastem Gulf of Carpentaria failed to reveal significant genetic differences between habitats. Between-region heterogeneity Χ2 tests indicated substantial genetic differentiation at 10 of the 11I polymorphic loci. These data indicate the existence of at least three distinct stocks or subpopulations of barramundi in Australia.

Genetic Variability and Glacial Origins of Yellow Perch (Perca flavescens) in North America

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1828-1834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas N. Todd ◽  
Charles O. Hatcher
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
North America ◽  
Yellow Perch ◽  
Perca Flavescens ◽  
Glacial Refugia ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
History Of ◽  
Starch Gel

Starch–gel electrophoresis was used to analyze muscle and liver tissue for variation in 13 enzymes representing 31 presumptive loci in yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from 13 localities scattered throughout the natural geographic range of the species in North America. Ten loci were polymorphic, but only three, alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH-1*), glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI-1*), and phosphoglucomutase (PGM-2*), exhibited polymorphisms at relatively high frequencies across localities. Western populations were fixed for one allele at ADH-1*, eastern populations were fixed for another allele, and populations from intermediate locations in Lake Ontario and Pennsylvania had both alleles. The distributions of alleles at GPI-1* and PGM-2*were similar to that of ADH-1*, exhibiting strong differences between eastern and western populations, although the delineation was not as clear. Western populations were much less variable than eastern populations, and the distribution of alleles indicated that the two groups were derived from Mississippi and Atlantic glacial refugia. Populations near the physiographic discontinuity between the Mississippi and Atlantic drainages in western New York and Pennsylvania exhibited an admixture of typically western and eastern alleles. Such observations are consistent with the mixed faunal history of the region and limited postglacial dispersal of western and eastern populations across the boundary.

Bovine Platelet Proteins II. Purification of Platelet Fibrinogen

1969 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 419-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. O Solum ◽  
S Łopaciuk
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Disc Electrophoresis ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Freezing And Thawing ◽  
Insoluble Material ◽  
High Resolution Power ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Platelet Proteins

Summary1. Platelet fibrinogen has been purified from washed bovine platelets. The procedure was based on the methods for purification of plasma fibrinogen by fractionated precipitations and extractions with ethanol and glycine below 0°, and precipitation of proteins by dimethylformamide at 0°.2. The platelet extract obtained by freezing and thawing of the cells, freed from insoluble material by centrifugation at 23,000 x g for 30 min, contained 0.22 ±0.003mg fibrinogen per 109 platelets. Total protein of this fraction was 0.77 ±0.08 mg per 109 platelets whereas that of the insoluble fraction was 0.79 ±0.09 mg per 109 platelets.3. The most purified platelet fibrinogen fraction contained 91-98% of the protein in a thrombin-clottable state. The yield was approx. 20%. It showed homogeneity in analytical ultracentrifugation, in immunoelectrophoresis using an antiserum produced by immunization of rabbits against platelet extract, and in starch gel electrophoresis using a discontinuous system of Tris HCl and borate buffers offering a high resolution power towards the platelet proteins. Polyacrylamide disc electrophoresis revealed two to three faint lines behind the main fibrinogen line. At least one such line was also observed with purified plasma fibrinogen.

Fractionation of Plasminogen by Starch Gel Electrophoresis

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl H. Slotta ◽  
J. D Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Full Activity ◽  
Veronal Buffer ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Alkaline Range

SummaryWhen urea or ε-amino caproic acid were used as solublizing agents for plasminogen in electrophoretic experiments, only one broad band of the proenzyme was obtained on acetate cellulose, in starch block, and in acrylamide gel. In starch gel electrophoresis, however, both forms of plasminogen – the native or euglobulin and Kline’s or Pseudoglobulin plasminogen – separated into six bands. These migrated toward the cathode at room temperature in borate or veronal buffer in the alkaline range and showed full activity in fibrinagar-streptokinase plates.

Fecundity of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in Lake Superior

1972 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 718-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick J. Manion
Keyword(s):  
Lake Superior ◽  
Petromyzon Marinus ◽  
Sea Lamprey
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document