Effect of Acid Precipitation on Microbial Decomposition Processes in Sediment From Streams in the Turkey Lakes Watershed

The effect of simulated acid precipitation (pHs between 3.5 and 5.9) on the breakdown of organic matter in streams was examined under laboratory conditions using two different sediment types from streams. Decomposition processes were measured using 14C-labelled glucose, leaf leachate, and leached leaf material. The data indicated that penetration of acid into settled sediment is small. Therefore, little effect of pH on organic matter breakdown could be perceived. During suspended conditions, however, a marked decrease in breakdown rates was noted. It appeared that under these conditions a slight stimulation in decomposition rates caused by the sulphate and nitrate present in the acid precipitation occurred. The effect of pH on the rate of organic matter breakdown depended on the type of substrate used in the experiment. Glucose decomposition was least inhibited by pH, followed by leaf leachate, and leached leaf material breakdown was the most inhibited. Sediment with higher organic matter was more sensitive under conditions of suspension, but less sensitive than the sediment with less organic matter under settled conditions. This appeared to be a result of the lower penetration of acid in the settled organic sediment.

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From Litterfall to Breakdown in Streams: A Review

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1100/tsw.2001.103 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 656-680 ◽

Cited By ~ 195

Author(s):

Manuela Abelho

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Standing Stock ◽

Fungal Colonization ◽

Allochthonous Organic Matter ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Breakdown Rates ◽

And Storage ◽

Leaf Species ◽

Organic Matter Breakdown

This paper is a review of recent (≤10 years) information on litterfall, standing stock of benthic organic matter, breakdown rates, and fungal colonization of organic matter in streams. In some cases, recent research reinforces the findings of classic reference papers. In other cases, the additional knowledge provided by recent research introduces a higher variation in the processes analyzed. In many aspects, especially those concerning stream organic matter, the review is biased towards the temperate North American streams, reflecting the fact that most research was carried out there. However, during the 1990s European studies increased enormously, especially those related with instream processes, such as leaf litter decomposition. The first part of this review analyzes the origin of allochthonous organic matter to streams (litterfall, retention, and storage), and it provides data on the amounts estimated in different streams and on the methodology used in the studies. The second part analyzes the fate of detritus in streams: mechanisms of leaf breakdown, relative importance of fungi and bacteria, factors affecting the activity of microbial decomposers, and chemical changes of leaf litter during decomposition. A list of breakdown rates of several different leaf species is given, together with the methodology used, and the main characteristics of the incubation streams.

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Characteristics of fouling due to clay-organic substances in potable water treatment by ultrafiltration

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1996.0201 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 34 (9) ◽

pp. 157-164 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kim C.-H. ◽

M. Hosomi ◽

A. Murakami ◽

M. Okada

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Humic Acid ◽

Fulvic Acid ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Ultrafiltration Membrane ◽

Organic Substances ◽

Decomposition Products ◽

Microbial Decomposition ◽

Fouling Materials

Effects of clay on fouling due to organic substances and clay were evaluated by model fouling materials and kaolin. Model fouling materials selected were protein, polysaccharide, fulvic acid, humic acid and algogenic matter (EOM:ectracellular organic matter, microbial decomposition products) and kaolin was selected as the clay material. Polysulfone membrane (MWCO(Molecular Weight Cut-Off) 10,000, 50,000 and 200,000) was used as an ultrafiltration membrane. In particular, the flux measurement of solutions containing algogenic matter used an ultrafiltration membrane of MWCO 50,000. The flux of protein and polysaccharide with coexistence of kaolin increased in the case of the ratio of MW/MWCO being greater than one, but did not increase in the case of the MW/MWCO ratio being below one. In contrast, the flux of fulvic acid and humic acid with coextence of kaolin decreased regardless of the ratio of MW/MWCO. The addition of dispersion agent and coagulant in the organic substances and kaolin mixture solution changed the size distribution of kaolin, and resulted in a change of the flux. EOM and microbial decomposition products decreased with the increase of the fraction of organic matter having molecular weight more than MWCO of membrane. The flux of the algogenic organic matter with coexistence of kaolin decreased with the increase of the amount of kaolin. It was suggested that the decline of the flux with coexistence of kaolin was due to the change of the resistance of the kaolin cake layer corresponding to the change in kaolin size distribution with charge.

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Microbial decomposition of polymer organic matter related to plankton development in a reservoir: activity of α-, β-glucosidase, and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase and uptake of N-acetylglucosamine

Archiv für Hydrobiologie ◽

10.1127/archiv-hydrobiol/126/1992/193 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 126 (2) ◽

pp. 193-211 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jaroslav Vrba ◽

Jiří Nedoma ◽

Karel Šimek ◽

Jaromír Seda

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Decomposition

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Effects of Acid Mine Drainage and Acid Precipitation on Leaf Litter Breakdown Rates in Appalachian Headwater Streams

10.33915/etd.3068 ◽

2010 ◽

Author(s):

Mary Fiona Stewart

Keyword(s):

Acid Mine Drainage ◽

Leaf Litter ◽

Mine Drainage ◽

Headwater Streams ◽

Acid Precipitation ◽

Litter Breakdown ◽

Leaf Litter Breakdown ◽

Acid Mine ◽

Breakdown Rates

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The Sediment Selectivity of Perinereis aibuhitensis Larvae: Active or Passive?

Frontiers in Marine Science ◽

10.3389/fmars.2021.697736 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Jinghui Fang ◽

Wei He ◽

Shan Meng ◽

Zengjie Jiang ◽

Jianguang Fang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Natural Habitat ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Matter Content ◽

Active Selection ◽

Sediment Types ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Perinereis Aibuhitensis ◽

Sampling Times

The selectivity of Perinereis aibuhitensis larvae on different sediment types was studied using an experimental behavioral device in the lab. There were six types of sediment with different organic matter content: 2.19, 2.30, 2.86, 3.25, 3.51, and 5.52%. The results indicated significant differences in the six treatments’ organic matter content (p < 0.05). When the P. aibuhitensis larvae initially attached to the sediment, the larvae’s density showed no significant difference among the six treatments. The density of larvae decreased gradually during the experimental period. It increased with the increasing organic matter content in sediment at every sampling time, but there was no significant difference (p > 0.05). The larvae’s specific growth rate in the first month was significantly higher than those in the second and third months (p < 0.05). The mortality showed no significance at different sediments in equal sampling times, but the mortality was lower in high organic matter content sediments. This study showed that the P. aibuhitensis larvae did not make an active selection; random selection happened when initially attached to the sediment with different organic matter contents. Higher organic matter content in the sediment was more conducive to larvae survival, and the organic matter content is the limitation factor on the mortality and the density. The different densities in the natural habitat of P. aibuhitensis might occur due to the passive selection by the environment.

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Microbial Decomposition of Organic Matter Derived from Phytoplankton Cellular Components in Seawater

Microbes and Environments ◽

10.1264/jsme2.19.128 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 19 (2) ◽

pp. 128-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Yuka Ohnishi ◽

Minoru Fujii ◽

Shinichiro Murashige ◽

Atsushi Yuzawa ◽

Hitoshi Miyasaka ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Microbial Decomposition ◽

Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽

Cellular Components

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Benthic microbial decomposition of organic matter and nutrient fluxes at the sediment-water interface in a shallow coastal inlet of the southern Baltic Sea (Nordrügensche Bodden)

Muddy Coast Dynamics and Resource Management - Proceedings in Marine Science ◽

10.1016/s1568-2692(00)80014-5 ◽

2000 ◽

pp. 175-184 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. Rieling ◽

S. Gerbersdorf ◽

I. Stodian ◽

H.J. Black ◽

S. Dahlke ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

Nutrient Fluxes ◽

Water Interface ◽

Microbial Decomposition ◽

Southern Baltic Sea ◽

Decomposition Of Organic Matter ◽

Coastal Inlet ◽

Southern Baltic

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Structural Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in Permafrost Peatland Lakes

Water ◽

10.3390/w12113059 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3059

Author(s):

Diogo Folhas ◽

Armando C. Duarte ◽

Martin Pilote ◽

Warwick F. Vincent ◽

Pedro Freitas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Dissolved Organic Matter ◽

Complex Mixture ◽

Resonance Spectroscopy ◽

Hudson Bay ◽

Microbial Decomposition ◽

Thermokarst Lakes ◽

Geochemical Properties ◽

High Concentrations ◽

Analytical Approaches

Thermokarst lakes result from the thawing of ice-rich permafrost and are widespread across northern landscapes. These waters are strong emitters of methane, especially in permafrost peatland regions, where they are stained black by high concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM). In the present study, we aimed to structurally characterize the DOM from a set of peatland thermokarst lakes that are known to be intense sites of microbial decomposition and methane emission. Samples were collected at different depths from three thermokarst lakes in the Sasapimakwananisikw (SAS) River valley near the eastern Hudson Bay community of Kuujjuarapik–Whapmagoostui (Nunavik, Canada). Samples were analyzed by spectrofluorometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and elemental analysis. Fluorescence analyses indicated considerable amounts of autochthonous DOM in the surface waters of one of SAS 1A, indicating a strong bioavailability of labile DOM, and consequently a greater methanogenic potential. The three lakes differed in their chemical composition and diversity, suggesting various DOM transformations phenomena. The usefulness of complementary analytical approaches to characterize the complex mixture of DOM in permafrost peatland waters cannot be overlooked, representing a first step towards greater comprehension of the organic geochemical properties of these permafrost-derived systems.

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