Wind-Induced Advection of Larval Decapods into Baie de Plaisance (Îles de la Madeleine, Québec)

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (7) ◽  
pp. 1422-1434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Hudon ◽  
Pierre Fradette
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Association ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Horizontal Distribution ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The North ◽  
Rock Crab ◽  
Wind Events

Abundance and spatial distribution of the larvae of the American lobster (Homarus americanus), the common rock crab (Cancer irroratus), and the toad crab (Hyas spp.), were monitored weekly during the summer of 1980 at a grid of 12 stations located in Baie de Plaisance. Following a period of winds ≥ 30 km∙h−1 shifting from the north to the southeast, large numbers of late-stage larvae of the three species were advected in the bay, concurrently with an intrusion of low-salinity water. Weekly abundances of consecutive larval stages were highly correlated, indicating that larvae tended to remain in the same water mass. Spatial association tended to be highest among the early stages within each species. The late larval stages of both lobster and rock crab behaved differently from the early stages with respect to light intensity and their horizontal distribution. Although the advection of water masses under the influence of wind events determines the overall abundance of larval decapods in Baie de Plaisance, larval behaviour (vertical migration and swimming ability) also affected distribution of older stage larvae but at a smaller scale. The dependence of advection on sporadic wind events occurring at the time of peak larval abundance reduces the chances of modelling yearly recruitment using average summer climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Horizontal distributions of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) and red rock crab (Cancer productus) larvae in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 2564-2577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin A. Sorochan ◽  
Pedro A. Quijón
Keyword(s):  
Horizontal Distribution ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variability ◽  
Dungeness Crab ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Cancer Magister ◽  
Strait Of Georgia ◽  
Water Properties ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Cancer Productus ◽  
Rock Crab

Abstract The supply of planktonic larvae to adult populations is an important contributor to the spatial and temporal variability of benthic marine organisms. The ability to predict spatial patterns of larvae and recruits from the physical and biological processes that facilitate dispersal is required in order to advise and evaluate conservation and fisheries management decisions. In the present study, the horizontal distribution of Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) and red rock crab (Cancer productus) zoeae was described from surveys conducted in the Strait of Georgia in the spring of 2009 and 2010. Processes that may be responsible for generating spatial variability of larvae were evaluated based on (i) horizontal overlap between larvae and water properties, (ii) spatial dependence of larvae and water properties, and (iii) changes in the dispersion of stage-specific distributions. Interspecific variability between horizontal patterns of the first and second larval stages was primarily attributed to differences in the distribution of larval release locations, which appeared to be restricted to the southern and central strait for C. magister. Potential effects of physical processes on larval distributions are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Early Stages of Nephrops norvegicus, from the Northumberland Plankton, together with a note on the post-larval development of Homarus vulgaris

1925 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 870-879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga M. Jorgensen
Keyword(s):  
Larval Development ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Young Fish ◽  
Nephrops Norvegicus ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
The North ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
The North Sea

Although adult Norway lobsters are extremely common on the southern part of the Northumberland coast, there were no records of the taking of larvæ of the species in this part of the North Sea until the Plankton Investigation now being carried out at Cullercoats (1) was commenced.During the period 1921–23 a few specimens were taken from time to time in the ordinary plankton hauls, but the best catches of Nephrops larvæ were obtained from the young fish trawl used at a number of stations in 1922 arid 1923. It is, therefore, chiefly on the material from the last two years' samples that the following observations are based.All three of the larval stages have been obtained, together with a single post-larva, but the majority of our specimens are second and third stage larvæ.

scholarly journals The 2017 North Bay and Southern California Fires: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Nauslar ◽  
John T. Abatzoglou ◽  
Patrick T. Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Southern California ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fire Weather ◽  
Societal Factors ◽  
The North ◽  
Accelerated Curing ◽  
Wind Event ◽  
Wind Events ◽  
Observational Record

Two extreme wind-driven wildfire events impacted northern and southern California in late 2017 leading to 46 fatalities and thousands of structures lost. This study describes the meteorological and climatological factors that drove and enabled these wildfire events and quantifies the rarity of such conditions over the observational record. Both extreme wildfire events featured fire-weather metrics that were unprecedented in the observational record in addition to a sequence of climatic conditions that preconditioned fuels. The North Bay fires that affected portions of northern California in early October occurred coincident with strong downslope winds. The vast majority of the fires’ devastating effects and acres burned occurred overnight and within the first twelve hours of ignition. By contrast, the southern California fires of December were characterized by the longest Santa Ana wind event on record and included the largest wildfire in California’s history. Both fire events occurred following an exceptionally wet winter that was preceded by the drought of record in California. Fuels were further preconditioned as the warmest summer and autumn on record occurred in northern and southern California, respectively. Accelerated curing of fuels coupled with the delayed onset of autumn precipitation allowed for critically low dead fuel moisture leading up to the foehn wind events. Fire weather conditions were well forecasted several days prior to the fire. However, the rarity of fire-weather conditions that occurred in the wildland urban interface, along with other societal factors were key contributors to wildfire impacts to communities.

La répartition horizontale et verticale des larves de homard (Homarus americanus) autour des îles de la Madeleine, golfe du Saint-Laurent

1986 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 2164-2176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christiane Hudon ◽  
Pierre Fradette ◽  
Pierre Legendre
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Stage I ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Vertical Distributions ◽  
Horizontal And Vertical Distributions ◽  
La Madeleine

Thirty-nine stations localized around the eastern tip of the Îles de la Madeleine, in two lagoons, and in the baie de Plaisance were sampled using plankton net tows during the summers of 1978, 1980, and 1981. The horizontal and vertical distributions of each of the four larval stages of Homarus americanus were assessed from sets of surface tows using simple neuston and meter nets (1978 and 1980) as well as a three-compartment plankton net (1981). Most of the stage I larval production takes place in the northeast and southeast regions. However, the abundance of stage IV larvae is low in the southeast and almost nil in the northeast. By contrast, the baie de Plaisance harbors very few stage I larvae, but a very high proportion of stage III and IV larvae. The periods of first appearance and maximum abundance are also out of phase for the three regions, occurring in the northeast before the southeast and the baie de Plaisance. These results suggest that the general pattern of abundance of larvae is driven by the current regime, flushing the larvae around the Pointe de l'Est and concentrating them in the baie de Plaisance following a gyre. On a smaller scale, 12 stations arranged in a 3 × 4 grid in the baie de Plaisance were sampled for 12 wk in the summer of 1980. The first three larval stages show a strongly aggregated distribution and are most frequent at the mouth of the bay. Conversely, stage IV larvae are found more frequently in the shore stations and inside the bay. There is a significant correlation between stage IV larval abundance and the distance to rocky bottoms favorable to benthic life. The vertical distribution of larvae at two stations (1981) shows that only the stage I larvae have a vertical distribution related to light intensity, being found in highest abundance in the surface layer (0–0.8 m) at dusk and dawn. Stage I larvae were uniformly distributed between 0 and 1.6 m during the day and down to 2.4 m at night. Stage II, III, and IV larvae were always found near the surface.

Peculiarities of the course of the postpartum period in domestic reindeer females, its morphophysiology and behavioral reactions in the North-East of Russia (Republic of Sakha)

2020 ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
V. Fedorov ◽  
E. Sleptsov ◽  
K. Plemyashov
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Taiga Zone ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Mountain Taiga

A growth in the number of deer and an increase in their productivity are closely related to the solution of the complex problem of reproduction and rational use of deer females. Significant damage to reindeer husbandry is caused by the barrenness of northern domestic deer, the level of which has been quite high in recent years. So, in the Republic of Sakha, on 01.01.2020, the number of domesticated reindeer was 152,068, of which female deer and heifers — 71,818, offspring per 100 females — 59, business yield amounted to 52 fawns per 100 females. The causes of infertility are very diverse, as the natural and climatic conditions of the breeding zones have a significant influence on the reproductive function of reindeer. In Yakutia, the main population of northern domestic deer is bred in mountain taiga and tundra natural-climatic zones, so there are about 55 thousand deer in the mountain taiga zone and more than 65 thousand deer in the tundra zone. In this regard, the study of the peculiarities of the postpartum period course in domestic reindeer females, its morphophysiology, and behavioral reactions depending on the natural and climatic conditions of breeding is of great importance.

ЗУБРЫ НА СЕВЕРЕ РОССИИ — НАСТОЯЩЕЕ И БУДУЩЕЕ

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-44
Author(s):  
I.V. GUSAROV ◽  
V.A. OSTAPENKO ◽  
T.V. NOVIKOVА
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
European Bison ◽  
Rare And Endangered Species ◽  
The North ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

Впервые в мире создана популяция зубров на территории 60 градусов северной широты. В новых климатических условиях разведения и сохранения зубров определены и проанализированы факторы существования вида на севере Европейской части РФ. Выявлены признаки, динамика численности, которые являются составной частью системы, предназначенной для управления биоразнообразием. Интродукция, являясь процессом введения в экосистему нехарактерных для нее видов, может усиливать изменения биоценозов как положительно, так и отрицательно. Насколько быстро и успешно проходит процесс адаптации заселенного вида, и усматривается его влияние на окружающую среду зависит дальнейшее существование зубров и в целом биоразнообразия. В статье обсуждаются вопросы взаимоотношения зубров с другими видами копытных и хозяйственной деятельностью человека, а также дальнейшим использованием зубров в сельскохозяйственном производстве. Пластичность зубров, выявление изменений и их анализ при вселении видов в новые условия обитания необходимы не только для определения развития или деградации биоценозов и в целом экосистемы, но и прогноза социально-экономических последствий интродукции как одного из методов сохранения редких и исчезающих видов фауны.For the first time in the world, a bison population has been created in an area of 60 degrees north latitude. In the new climatic conditions of breeding and preservation of bison, the factors of the species existence in the north of the European part of the Russian Federation are identified and analyzed. The signs, dynamics of abundance, which are an integral part of the system designed to manage biodiversity are identified, since the preservation of biological diversity on the planet is one of the main problems of our time. Introduction, being the process of introducing non-typical species into an ecosystem, can enhance changes in biocenoses, both positively and negatively. The question posing sounds especially when it comes to such a large hoofed animal as the European bison. How quickly and successfully the process of adaptation of the universe takes place and its environmental impact is seen depends on the continued existence of bison and biodiversity in general. The article discusses the relationship of bison with other types of ungulates and human activities, as well as the further use of bison in agricultural production. How these issues will be resolved positively depends on the future of these animals. Thus, the plasticity of bison, the identification of changes and their analysis, with the introduction of species into new habitat conditions is necessary not only to determine the development or degradation of biocenoses and the ecosystem as a whole, but also to predict the socio-economic consequences due to the introduction as one of the methods of preserving rare and endangered species of fauna.

scholarly journals Immunohistopathological response against anisakid nematode larvae and a coccidian in Micromesistius poutassou from NE Atlantic waters

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sayyaf Dezfuli ◽  
E. Simoni ◽  
G. Bosi ◽  
M. Palomba ◽  
S. Mattiucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Cell Swelling ◽  
Epithelioid Cells ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Larval Infection ◽  
High Infection ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Multilocus Approach

Abstract A survey on Anisakis simplex (sensu stricto (s.s.)) from blue whiting, Micromesistius poutassou, in the north-eastern Atlantic Ocean revealed the occurrence of high infection levels of third larval stages in visceral organs and flesh. Larvae were genetically identified with a multilocus approach as A. simplex (s.s.). Histochemical, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural observations were conducted on 30 M. poutassou specimens. Gonads, pyloric caeca and flesh harboured encapsulated larvae of A. simplex (s.s.) but no intense host reaction was encountered around the parasite in the above organs. In the liver, the most infected organ, the larvae co-occurred with the coccidian Goussia sp. Within the granuloma around the A. simplex (s.s.) larvae, two concentric layers were recognized, an inner mostly comprising electron-dense epithelioid cells and an outer layer made of less electron-dense epithelioid cells. Macrophages and macrophage aggregates (MAs) were abundant out of the granulomas, scattered in parenchyma, and inside the MAs, the presence of engulfed Goussia sp. was frequent. In liver tissue co-infected with Goussia sp. and A. simplex (s.s.), hepatocytes showed cytoplasmic rarefaction and acute cell swelling. Results suggest that the host-induced encapsulation of A. simplex (s.s.) larvae is a strategic compromise to minimize collateral tissue damage around the larval infection sites, to facilitate the survival of both parasite and host.

scholarly journals Population collapse in Congo rainforest from 400 CE urges reassessment of the Bantu Expansion

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. eabd8352
Author(s):  
Dirk Seidensticker ◽  
Wannes Hubau ◽  
Dirk Verschuren ◽  
Cesar Fortes-Lima ◽  
Pierre de Maret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Expansion Phase ◽  
Bantu Languages ◽  
Population Collapse ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Linguistic Evidence ◽  
Spread Model ◽  
Migration Event

The present-day distribution of Bantu languages is commonly thought to reflect the early stages of the Bantu Expansion, the greatest migration event in African prehistory. Using 1149 radiocarbon dates linked to 115 pottery styles recovered from 726 sites throughout the Congo rainforest and adjacent areas, we show that this is not the case. Two periods of more intense human activity, each consisting of an expansion phase with widespread pottery styles and a regionalization phase with many more local pottery styles, are separated by a widespread population collapse between 400 and 600 CE followed by major resettlement centuries later. Coinciding with wetter climatic conditions, the collapse was possibly promoted by a prolonged epidemic. Comparison of our data with genetic and linguistic evidence further supports a spread-over-spread model for the dispersal of Bantu speakers and their languages.

Exceptional influx of oceanic species into the North Sea late 1997

1999 ◽  
Vol 79 (4) ◽  
pp. 737-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Edwards ◽  
A.W.G. John ◽  
H.G. Hunt ◽  
J.A. Lindley
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Indicator Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Oceanic Species

Continuous Plankton Recorder records from the North Sea and north-east Atlantic from September 1997 to March 1998 indicate an exceptional influx of oceanic indicator species into the North Sea. These inflow events, according to historical evidence, have only occurred sporadically during this century. This exceptional inflow and previous inflow events are discussed in relation to their similarity in terms of their physical and climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Global drivers effect in multi-annual variability of runoff

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miriam Fendeková ◽  
Pavla Pekárová ◽  
Marián Fendek ◽  
Ján Pekár ◽  
Peter Škoda
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Coherence Function ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Quasi Biennial Oscillation ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
The North Atlantic Oscillation ◽  
Biennial Oscillation

Abstract Changes in runoff parameters are very important for Slovakia, where stream-flow discharges, being supplied by precipitation and groundwater runoff, are preferentially influenced by climatic conditions. Therefore, teleconnections between runoff parameters, climate parameters and global atmospheric drivers such as North Atlantic Oscillation, Southern Pacific Oscillation, Quasi-biennial oscillation and solar activity were studied in the Nitra River Basin, Slovakia. Research was mostly based on records of 80 years (1931-2010) for discharges and baseflow, and 34 years for groundwater heads. Methods of autocorrelation, spectral analysis, cross-correlation and coherence function were used. Results of auto- correllograms for discharges, groundwater heads and base flow values showed a very distinct 11-year and 21-year periodicity. Spectrogram analysis documented the 11-year, 7.8-year, 3.6-year and 2.4-year periods in the discharge, precipitation and air temperature time series. The same cycles except of 11-years were also identified in the long-term series of the North Atlantic Oscillation and Southern Pacific Oscillation indices. The cycle from approximately 2.3 to 2.4-years is most likely connected with Quasi-biennial oscillation. The close negative correlation between the North Atlantic Oscillation winter index and the hydrological surface and groundwater parameters can be used for their prediction within the same year and also for one year in advance.

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