The expression of aluminum stress induced polypeptides in a population segregating for aluminum tolerance in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Genome ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 1213-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl J. Somers ◽  
J. Perry Gustafson
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Root ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Lysate

This study examined the changes in gene expression induced by aluminum (Al) stress in wheat root tips. Seedlings of Triticum aestivum L. cvs. Katepwa (Al sensitive), Maringa (Al tolerant), and Alikat (Al tolerant near isoline; 'Katepwa'*3/'Maringa') and a F2 population derived from 'Katepwa' × 'Alikat', were grown for 3 days in either 0 or 1 μg∙mL−1 Al. Polypeptides were labeled with 35S-methionine prior to separation by gel electrophoresis. There were a few polypeptides from whole cell lysates that showed enhanced expression in all of the genotypes in 1 μg∙mL−1 Al, however, the whole cell lysate and microsomal polypeptide profiles also revealed numerous unique changes in gene expression in Al-sensitive 'Katepwa' at 1 μg∙mL−1 Al; the latter cosegregated with only the Al-sensitive F2 bulks. The microsomal polypeptide profiles of the Al-tolerant lines 'Maringa' and 'Alikat' changed marginally in the presence of Al and these changes were also reflected in the Al-tolerant F2 bulks. The data showed that there were many changes in gene expression which cosegregated with Al sensitivity and suggest that Al tolerance in wheat may rely on constitutively expressed polypeptides.Key words: wheat, aluminum, protein synthesis, segregation.

Mechanisms of aluminum tolerance in Triticum aestivum (wheat). IV. The role of ammonium and nitrate nutrition

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (12) ◽  
pp. 2181-2186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Taylor ◽  
Charles D. Foy
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Ph Change ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Nutrient Solutions

Five cultivars of Triticum aestivum L. (wheat) were grown for 21 days in solution cultures with aluminum (+Al) (74 μM) and without Al (−Al) at an initial pH of 4.5. Patterns of nitrogen depletion and pH change were biphasic. Ammonium [Formula: see text] was rapidly depleted and solution pH declined during phase I. Depletion of nitrate [Formula: see text] was most rapid and solution pH increased after [Formula: see text] was exhausted from solutions (phase II). Cultivar tolerance to Al was negatively correlated with the rate of pH decline induced by cultivars, and the rate of pH decline was positively correlated with the rate at which cultivars depleted [Formula: see text] from +Al and −Al nutrient solutions. Cultivar tolerance to Al was also negatively correlated with the rate of [Formula: see text] depletion from +Al and −Al solutions. Cultivar tolerance to Al was positively correlated with the rate of [Formula: see text] depletion during phase II but only when plants were grown with Al. These results support the hypothesis that differential Al tolerance among cultivars of T. aestivum is caused by differences in the rate of [Formula: see text], and possibly [Formula: see text], uptake. Such diffferences in N preference may have caused differences in pH and Al solubility in the nutrient solutions.

Control of alien gene expression for aluminum tolerance in wheat

Genome ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Gustafson ◽  
K. Ross
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Wheat Chromosome ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
D Genome ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat ◽  
Secale Cereale L ◽  
Alien Gene

The expression of aluminum tolerance from rye (Secale cereale L.) when present in a wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell.) background has been observed to be much lower than that in rye itself. By crossing each of the ditelocentric lines of 'Chinese Spring' wheat with a tolerant rye, the effects of the presence or absence of each arm of wheat on the expression of rye aluminum tolerance could be established. Of 42 wheat chromosome arms, 18 affected the expression of rye aluminum tolerance. Tolerance was increased over that observed in the euploid wheat–rye hybrid when arms 4AL, 5AL, 6AL, 7BS, 7BL, and 3DS were absent. Tolerance was reduced when arms 2AL, 5AS, 6BS, 1DS, 1DL, 2DL, 4DL, 5DS, 5DL, 6DL, 7DS, and 7DL were absent. Thus, the control of aluminum tolerance expression from rye in a wheat background was evidently under the influence of genes located on a number of wheat chromosome arms, with a few arms tending to enhance expression and many others tending to reduce it. In fact, 5AS of 'Chinese Spring' enhances expression, while 5AL suppresses it. The D genome of bread wheat appears to have the most pronounced effect on the expression of rye aluminum tolerance.Key words: rye, activator genes, suppressor genes, alien manipulation.

Mechanisms of aluminum tolerance in Triticum aestivum (wheat). V. Nitrogen nutrition, plant-induced pH, and tolerance to aluminum; correlation without causality?

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory J. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Solution Culture ◽  
Al Tolerance ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Relative Tolerance ◽  
Ph Conditions

An aluminum-tolerant cultivar ('Atlas-66') and an aluminum-sensitive cultivar ('Scout-66') of Triticum aestivum L. were grown in solution culture under conditions of varying [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] supply with or without 75 μM aluminum. Plants grown with a low [Formula: see text] ratio in solution maintained a higher solution pH than plants grown with a high [Formula: see text] ratio. Although root growth of 'Scout-66' was greater under high [Formula: see text], high solution pH conditions, the relative tolerance of the cultivars to Al was unaffected by the [Formula: see text] ratio and by solution pH. The superior Al tolerance of 'Atlas-66' could not be explained solely by its ability to maintain a high solution pH in mixed nitrogen solutions.

scholarly journals Chromatid and chromosome type breakage-fusion-bridge cycles in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Genetics ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. 1069-1085 ◽  
Author(s):  
A J Lukaszewski
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Ring Chromosome ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Aleurone Layer ◽  
Meiotic Pairing ◽  
Chromosome Type ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Morphological Marker ◽  
Bfb Cycle ◽  
Tandem Duplications

Abstract During the development of disomic additions of rye (Secale cereale L.) chromosomes to wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), two reverse tandem duplications on wheat chromosomes 3D and 4A were isolated. By virtue of their meiotic pairing, the reverse tandem duplications initiated the chromatid type of the breakage-fusion-bridge (BFB) cycle. This BFB cycle continued through pollen mitoses and in the early endosperm divisions, but no clear evidence of its presence in embryo mitoses was found. The chromosome type of BFB cycle was initiated by fusion of two broken chromosome ends resulting in a dicentric or a ring chromosome. Chromosome type BFB cycles were detected in embryo mitoses and in root tips, but they did not persist until the next meiosis and were not transmitted to the progeny. Active BFB cycles induced breakage of other wheat chromosomes that resulted in additional reverse tandem duplications and dicentric and ring chromosomes. Four loci, on chromosome arms 2BS, 3DS, 4AL, and most likely on 7DL, were particularly susceptible to breakage. The BFB cycles produced high frequency of variegation for pigmentation of the aleurone layer of kernels and somatic chimeras for a morphological marker. With the exception of low mutation rate, the observed phenomena are consistent with the activity of a Ds-like element. However, it is not clear whether such an element, if indeed present, was of wheat or rye origin.

Metabolomics and gene expression analysis reveal the accumulation patterns of phenylpropanoids and flavonoids in different colored-grain wheats (Triticum aestivum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 138 ◽  
pp. 109711
Author(s):  
Xin Wang ◽  
Xiaocun Zhang ◽  
Hanxue Hou ◽  
Xin Ma ◽  
Silong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L

scholarly journals Genome-wide gene expression analysis supports a developmental model of low temperature tolerance gene regulation in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

BMC Genomics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie Laudencia-Chingcuanco ◽  
Seedhabadee Ganeshan ◽  
Frank You ◽  
Brian Fowler ◽  
Ravindra Chibbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Gene Expression Analysis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Developmental Model ◽  
Low Temperature Tolerance ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Tolerance Gene ◽  
Genome Wide Gene Expression

Foliar N Application at Anthesis Stimulates Gene Expression of Grain Protein Fractions and Alters Protein Body Distribution in Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (46) ◽  
pp. 12709-12719
Author(s):  
Anne Rossmann ◽  
Peter Buchner ◽  
George P. Savill ◽  
Stephen J. Powers ◽  
Malcolm J. Hawkesford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Protein Body ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
N Application ◽  
Foliar N ◽  
Body Distribution

Cytogenetic studies of progenies from crosses between 'Centurk' wheat and its doubled haploids derived from anther culture

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 622-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawsan S. Youssef ◽  
R. Morris ◽  
P. S. Baenziger ◽  
C. M. Papa
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosome Pairing ◽  
Doubled Haploid ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Meiotic Chromosome ◽  
Doubled Haploids ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Doubled Haploid Lines ◽  
A Minor

Karyotype stability, which is essential when using wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) doubled haploids in a breeding program, was evaluated in 14 anther-derived doubled-haploid lines after at least three generations of selfing, by crossing them as females with the parent cultivar 'Centurk' and doing cytological studies on the progenies. There were no deviations from the hexaploid chromosome number (2n = 42) in root tips. Meiotic chromosome pairing was as stable as that in the control ('Centurk' × 'Centurk') in most progenies. Chromosomal structural changes and (or) behavioral deviations were detected at the metaphase I, anaphase I, telophase I, and quartet stages of meiosis in a minor proportion of the cells. The frequencies of multivalents, lagging bivalents and univalents, bridges, and micronuclei were higher in some progenies than in the control. Chromosomal fragments were infrequent. The ranges in percentages of normal cells were 72.4–90.0 at anaphase I, 76.4–92.6 at telophase I, and 82.6–93.2 at quartet stages in the doubled-haploid progenies, compared with 95–100, 92–100, and 94–96, respectively, in the control. On the basis of these results, the doubled-haploid lines should produce enough normal gametes to provide adequate seed supplies when they are used as parents in wheat cultivar and population improvement.Key words: Triticum aestivum, chromosome pairing, chromosome aberrations, gametoclonal variation.

Em gene expression during somatic embryogenesis in the monocot Triticum aestivum L.

Plant Science ◽  
1996 ◽  
Vol 117 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabienne Corre ◽  
Yves Henry ◽  
André Rode ◽  
Caroline Hartmann
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Em Gene

Aluminum stress and protein synthesis in near isogenic lines of Triticum aestivum differing in aluminum tolerance

1996 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 694-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daryl J. Somers ◽  
Keith G. Briggs ◽  
J. Perry Gustafson
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Aluminum Tolerance ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Aluminum Stress ◽  
Isogenic Lines
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