Mineralization of 3-phenoxybenzoate by a two-membered bacterial co-culture

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (7) ◽  
pp. 495-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Topp ◽  
M. Humayoun Akhtar
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Pyrethroid Insecticides ◽  
Key Words 3

3-Phenoxybenzoic acid is an intermediate in the degradation of several pyrethroid insecticides in soil. Two pseudomonads were isolated together on vitamin-supplemented nutrient agar from 3-phenoxybenzoate enrichment of an agricultural soil. One isolate, designated 13b, grew on 3-phenoxybenzoate in mineral salts medium producing stoichiometric amounts of phenol. It degraded 3-[phenoxy-14C(U)]phenoxybenzoate to [14C(U)]phenol and did not assimilate any 14C from this molecule. It metabolized [carboxyl-14C]3-phenoxybenzoate but not [14C(U)]phenol. It also produced 4-chlorophenol and p-cresol from 3-(4-chlorophenoxy)benzoate and 3-(4-methylphenoxy)benzoate, respectively. This indicated that isolate 13b transformed the benzoate but not the phenoxy moiety of 3-phenoxybenzoate. The second isolate, designated 13a, did not metabolize 3-phenoxybenzoate but grew on and mineralized phenol. Incubation of 3-phenoxybenzoate with isolates 13a and 13b together resulted in the degradation of both aromatic nuclei. Key words: 3-phenoxybenzoate, bacterial degradation, mineralization, pyrethroid.

scholarly journals Functional Redundancy of Linuron Degradation in Microbial Communities in Agricultural Soil and Biopurification Systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 82 (9) ◽  
pp. 2843-2853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Horemans ◽  
Karolien Bers ◽  
Erick Ruiz Romero ◽  
Eva Pose Juan ◽  
Vincent Dunon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Bacterial Consortium ◽  
Bacterial Degradation ◽  
Catabolic Gene ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Respective Contribution ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Biopurification Systems

ABSTRACTThe abundance oflibA, encoding a hydrolase that initiates linuron degradation in the linuron-metabolizingVariovoraxsp. strain SRS16, was previously found to correlate well with linuron mineralization, but not in all tested environments. Recently, an alternative linuron hydrolase, HylA, was identified inVariovoraxsp. strain WDL1, a strain that initiates linuron degradation in a linuron-mineralizing commensal bacterial consortium. The discovery of alternative linuron hydrolases poses questions about the respective contribution and competitive character ofhylA- andlibA-carrying bacteria as well as the role of linuron-mineralizing consortia versus single strains in linuron-exposed settings. Therefore, dynamics ofhylAas well asdcaQas a marker for downstream catabolic functions involved in linuron mineralization, in response to linuron treatment in agricultural soil and on-farm biopurification systems (BPS), were compared with previously reportedlibAdynamics. The results suggest that (i) organisms containing eitherlibAorhylAcontribute simultaneously to linuron biodegradation in the same environment, albeit to various extents, (ii) environmental linuron mineralization depends on multispecies bacterial food webs, and (iii) initiation of linuron mineralization can be governed by currently unidentified enzymes.IMPORTANCEA limited set of different isofunctional catabolic gene functions is known for the bacterial degradation of the phenylurea herbicide linuron, but the role of this redundancy in linuron degradation in environmental settings is not known. In this study, the simultaneous involvement of bacteria carrying one of two isofunctional linuron hydrolysis genes in the degradation of linuron was shown in agricultural soil and on-farm biopurification systems, as was the involvement of other bacterial populations that mineralize the downstream metabolites of linuron hydrolysis. This study illustrates the importance of the synergistic metabolism of pesticides in environmental settings.

scholarly journals key words -3-

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 291-291
Author(s):  
Nobuaki KATO
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Key Words 3

Degradation of waste 2,4-D residues using a soil bacterium in a sprayer tank system

1991 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Smith ◽  
K. Mortensen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Soil Bacterium ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Field Soils ◽  
Tank System ◽  
Pseudomonas Testosteroni

A soil bacterium has been isolated from field soils receiving annual applications of 2,4-D and tentatively identified as Pseudomonas testosteroni Marcus and Talalay. When added to a sprayer tank containing an aerated solution of simple mineral salts and 2,4-D amine formulations, this organism used the herbicide as a carbon source, with stoichiometric release of chloride. This system has been used to biologically degrade 2,4-D amine residues from farm operations and herbicide containers. Key words: Degradation, bacterium, residues, soil, 2,4-D

Intramolecular amidation — An efficient synthesis of 3-aryl-2-quinolinones

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (12) ◽  
pp. 1620-1625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinggang Luo ◽  
Feiyan Tao ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Bogang Li ◽  
Guolin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Organic Solvents ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Efficient Synthesis ◽  
Efficient Procedure ◽  
Condensation Products ◽  
Phenyl Rings ◽  
Key Words 3 ◽  
Intramolecular Amidation

To reveal the scope of the syntheses of 3-aryl-2-quinolinones from 2-nitro-α-phenylcinnamic acids, the isomerization of (E)-2-amino-α-phenylcinnamic acids was studied. The results showed that (E)-2-amino-α-phenylcinnamic acids were isomerized to its (Z)-forms under sunlight in organic solvents. The reaction temperature and the functional groups at both phenyl rings have no effect on the isomerization of (E)-2-amino-α-phenylcinnamic acids and the following intramolecular spontaneous amidation of (Z)-2-amino-α-phenylcinnamic acids. Various 3-aryl-2-quinolinones prepared in high total yields indicated that the syntheses of 3-aryl-2-quinolinones from Perkin condensation products 2-nitro-α-phenylcinnamic acids via reduction, sunlight-induced isomerization of (E)-2-amino-α-phenylcinnamic acids, and the following intramolecular amidation is an efficient procedure. Key words: 3-aryl-2-quinolinones, isomerization, amidation.

Effects of selected agrochemicals on methane oxidation by an organic agricultural soil

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-291 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Topp
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Methane Oxidation ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Soil Methane Oxidation

Methane oxidation by soils is an important sink for this greenhouse gas. When tested at 50 mg L−1, the herbicide bromoxynil, the insecticide methomyl, and the nitrification inhibitor nitrapyrin inhibited methane oxidation by soil slurries. The results suggest that these chemicals might decrease methane oxidation by agricultural soils. Key words: Soil methane oxidation, inhibition, agrochemicals

Regioselectivity in SNH reactions of some 3-nitro-1,5-naphthyridines with chloromethyl phenyl sulfone

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 567-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Grzegożek ◽  
Barbara Szpakiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Nmr Spectroscopy ◽  
Nucleophilic Substitution ◽  
Key Words ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Vicarious Nucleophilic Substitution ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
Phenyl Sulfone ◽  
Convenient Synthesis ◽  
Key Words 3 ◽  
Hydrogen Substitution

3-Nitro-1,5-naphthyridine and its 2-substituted derivatives react with the carbanion of chloromethyl phenyl sulfone to give hydrogen-substitution products at position 4 in high yield. The intermediacy of 4-(phenylsulfonyl)chloromethyl σ adducts of 2-R-3-nitro-1,5-naphthyridines (R = H, D, Cl, OC2H5, NHCH3, OH) was established by 1H NMR spectroscopy. A convenient synthesis of 2-N-methylamino-3-nitro-1,5-naphthyridine is reported. Key words: 3-nitro-1,5-naphthyridines, anionic (phenylsulfonyl)chloromethyl σ adducts, vicarious nucleophilic substitution.

CH4 fluxes and soil CH4 concentration following application of pig slurry for the 19th consecutive year

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (2) ◽  
pp. 387-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Rochette ◽  
Denis Côté
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Short Duration ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Methane Concentration ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Pig Slurry ◽  
Static Chamber ◽  
Ch4 Concentration

Agricultural soils often receive annual manure applications over long periods. The objective of this study was to describe the temporal variations of CH4 fluxes during the growing season in an agricultural soil receiving pig slurry for the 19th consecutive year. In mineral-fertilized control plots, CH4 fluxes were small and negative (uptake) during the experiment. Fluxes were also negative in the manured plots except during the first 4 d following slurry application when net emissions were measured. Despite their short duration, these post-application emissions were almost equivalent to the amount of CH4 taken up by these soils during the rest of the snow-free season. Key words: Geenhouse gases, static chamber, methane concentration in soils

scholarly journals Como aprimorar o formato de um artigo científico

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-149
Author(s):  
Gilmar Paulo Henz
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Plant Disease ◽  
Key Words 3 ◽  
Para Determinar

Os artigos continuam sendo a principal maneira de divulgação científica nos meios especializados. Tem sido observado que muitos dos artigos submetidos à Horticultura Brasileira seguem as normas para publicação, mas apresentam problemas em seu formato. Os problemas mais comuns são sua extensão (muito longos ou curtos), título inadequado, resumo e "abstract" diferentes em tamanho e conteúdo, falta de uma proporção entre as divisões do artigo e excesso de tabelas e figuras ou com tamanho inadequado. Para determinar-se o artigo "ideal" em termos de tamanho e formato foi realizado um levantamento em dez artigos publicados na Horticultura Brasileira, Fitopatologia Brasileira, HortScience e Plant Disease de 2000 e 2001. Como resultado, obteve-se as seguintes médias: título, 14 palavras; número de autores, 4; número de instituições dos autores, 2; número de palavras-chave, 3; número de key-words, 3; resumo, 200 palavras; abstract, 202; introdução, 470 palavras; material e métodos, 640 palavras; resultados e discussão, 890 palavras; número de artigos citados, 24; número de tabelas e figuras, 2-3; número de páginas impressas, 5. Esta proporção pode servir como um guia e um modelo em relação ao tamanho e formato do artigo. A apresentação adequada de um artigo, aliada ao seu conteúdo e qualidade científica, podem acelerar sua tramitação e publicação, além de agradar aos leitores.

Two new species of Syncephalis (Zoopagales, Piptocephalidaceae)

1991 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 355-360
Author(s):  
U. Gruhn ◽  
H. Petzold
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Mortierella Alpina ◽  
Two New Species

Two new species of Syncephalis, Syncephalis torpedospora and Syncephalis parvula, are described. They were isolated from agricultural soil in Germany and have been maintained as haustorial mycoparasites on Mortierella alpina. Syncephalis torpedospora bears one-spored merosporangia, S. parvula two-spored merosporangia on the upper hemisphere of the globose fertile vesicle. Both are relatively small members of the genus Syncephalis. Key words: Mucorales, mycoparasitism, Piptocephalidaceae, Syncephalis, Zygomycetes.

scholarly journals UTILIZAÇÃO DE ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA DE SUINOCULTURA EM PROPRIEDADE AGRÍCOLA – ESTUDO DE CASO

Irriga ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiane Cristina Dal Bosco ◽  
Silvio César Sampaio ◽  
Caroline Iost ◽  
Lucimar Novaes da Silva ◽  
Cristiany Fosquiani Carnelossi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Swine Wastewater ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
The West ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

UTILIZAÇÃO DE ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA DE SUINOCULTURA EM PROPRIEDADE AGRÍCOLA – ESTUDO DE CASO  Tatiane Cristina Dal Bosco; Silvio César Sampaio; Caroline Iost; Lucimar Novaes da Silva; Cristiany Fosquiani Carnellosi; Douglas César Ebert; Jackson Spohr SchreinerDepartamento Engenharia Agrícola, Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná, Cascavel, PR, [email protected]  1  RESUMO O objetivo deste trabalho foi verificar as alterações químicas de um solo agrícola na região oeste do Paraná, decorrentes da aplicação por 8 anos consecutivos de uma água residuária da suinocultura (ARS). Para tanto, uma área próxima, com características de solo e manejo agrícola semelhantes, foi utilizada como testemunha. Determinaram-se os parâmetros físico-químicos da ARS e também de ambos os solos em duas profundidades (0-30 e 30-60 cm). Os resultados mostraram que, de modo geral, a aplicação de ARS por 8 anos consecutivos no solo apresentou um aumento relevante nos seguintes parâmetros químicos: Cálcio, Magnésio, Sódio, Nitrogênio, Fósforo, Potássio e Matéria Orgânica, principalmente na camada 0-30 cm. UNITERMOS: reuso de água, dejetos da suinocultura.  DAL BOSCO, T. C.; SAMPAIO, S. C.; IOST, C.; SILVA, L. N. da; CARNELLOSI, C. F.; EBERT, D. C.; SCHREINER, J. S. USE OF SWINE WASTEWATER IN AGRICULTURAL PROPERTY – CASE STUDY  2        ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate chemical alterations of an agricultural soil in the west of Paraná due to the application of 8 consecutive years of a swine wastewater. An area, with similar characteristics of the soil and agricultural handling was used as control. The physical-chemical parameters of swine wastewater were determined. Also,  in both soils, the  two depths were 0-30 and 30-60 cm. In general, the application of swine wastewater for 8 consecutive years showed an increase in the following chemical parameters: Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Nitrogenous, Phosphorous, Potassium and Organic Matter, especially in the depth 0-30 cm. KEY WORDS: reuse of water, swine wastewater.

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