Tissue-specific expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase in sorghum

The synthesis and expression of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEP-C) mRNA in sorghum tissue (i.e., leaf, shoot, and root) were monitored for several days after seed germination by Northern hybridization and measurement of de novo protein synthesis. In 2- to 8-day-old leaves and shoots, PEP-C accounted for approximately 8.9 and 2.5%, respectively, of the newly synthesized proteins. In addition, mRNA from both leaves and shoots, detected by hybridization with a heterologous PEP-C probe, is present in relatively constant amounts from 2 to 9 days after seed germination. In roots, on the contrary, a peak of RNA that hybridizes to the probe was observed approximately 6 days after seed germination, when de novo synthesis of the enzyme was barely detectable in this tissue. Northern hybridization experiments indicate the presence of putative mRNA species of approximately 3.1 and 5.9 kilobases. The data are rationalized in terms of the postulated existence of a stable but translationally inactive precursor of PEP-C mRNA in sorghum roots.

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Transient increase of de novo amino acid synthesis and its physiological significance in water-stressed white clover

Functional Plant Biology ◽

10.1071/fp05022 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 32 (9) ◽

pp. 831 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Bok-Rye Lee ◽

Woo-Jin Jung ◽

Kil-Yong Kim ◽

Jean-Christophe Avice ◽

Alain Ourry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protein Synthesis ◽

Amino Acid ◽

Water Deficit ◽

White Clover ◽

De Novo ◽

Acid Synthesis ◽

Ammonia Concentration ◽

De Novo Synthesis ◽

Amino Acid Synthesis ◽

De Novo Protein Synthesis

In white clover (Trifolium repens L. cv. Regal) the kinetics of de novo synthesis of amino acid and protein were compared by tracing 15N under well-watered (control) or water-deficit conditions. The physiological relationship between ammonia concentration, in response to the change in leaf water parameters, and de novo synthesis of amino acid and protein was also assessed. Leaf and root dry mass were not significantly affected for the first 3 d, whereas metabolic parameters such as total N and ammonia were significantly affected within the first day of water-deficit treatment. Inhibitory effect of water deficit on N acquisition from the soil was significant throughout the experimental period. Water deficit induced a significant increase in ammonia concentration in leaves during the first 3 d, and in roots for only the first day. In both leaves and roots, an increase in de novo amino acid synthesis, which peaked in leaves within the first 3 d of water-deficit treatment (Ψw ≥ –1.18 MPa), was observed. The rate of decrease in de novo protein synthesis gradually accelerated as the duration of the water-deficit treatment increased. There was a significant positive relationship between ammonia production and the increase in de novo amino acid synthesis during the first 3-d period, but not during the later period (day 3–day 7). This experiment clearly indicates that the increase in de novo amino acid synthesis caused by water deficit is a transient adaptive response occurring during the first few days and that it is associated with the increased ammonia concentrations, which in turn arise in response to a decrease in de novo protein synthesis.

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Sex- and tissue-specific expression of maintenance and de novo DNA methyltransferases upon low dose X-irradiation in mice

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications ◽

10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.10.002 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 325 (1) ◽

pp. 39-47 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Joe Raiche ◽

Rocio Rodriguez-Juarez ◽

Igor Pogribny ◽

Olga Kovalchuk

Keyword(s):

Low Dose ◽

De Novo ◽

Dna Methyltransferases ◽

Specific Expression ◽

Tissue Specific ◽

Tissue Specific Expression ◽

X Irradiation

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Tissue-specific expression profiles and positive selection analysis in the tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) using a de novo transcriptome assembly

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-52312-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Alexandra B. Bentz ◽

Gregg W. C. Thomas ◽

Douglas B. Rusch ◽

Kimberly A. Rosvall

Keyword(s):

Positive Selection ◽

De Novo ◽

Transcriptome Assembly ◽

Expression Profiles ◽

Expression Patterns ◽

Tachycineta Bicolor ◽

Tree Swallow ◽

Specific Expression ◽

Tissue Specific ◽

Tissue Specific Expression

Abstract Tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) are one of the most commonly studied wild birds in North America. They have advanced numerous research areas, including life history, physiology, and organismal responses to global change; however, transcriptomic resources are scarce. To further advance the utility of this system for biologists across disciplines, we generated a transcriptome for the tree swallow using six tissues (brain, blood, ovary, spleen, liver, and muscle) collected from breeding females. We de novo assembled 207,739 transcripts, which we aligned to 14,717 high confidence protein-coding genes. We then characterized each tissue with regard to its unique genes and processes and applied this transcriptome to two fundamental questions in evolutionary biology and endocrinology. First, we analyzed 3,015 single-copy orthologs and identified 46 genes under positive selection in the tree swallow lineage, including those with putative links to adaptations in this species. Second, we analyzed tissue-specific expression patterns of genes involved in sex steroidogenesis and processing. Enzymes capable of synthesizing these behaviorally relevant hormones were largely limited to the ovary, whereas steroid binding genes were found in nearly all other tissues, highlighting the potential for local regulation of sex steroid-mediated traits. These analyses provide new insights into potential sources of phenotypic variation in a free-living female bird and advance our understanding of fundamental questions in evolutionary and organismal biology.

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