Intra-terrestrial verification of the gravitational shift

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Sfarti
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Order Effect ◽  
Second Order ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Gravitational Source

Einstein predicted a change in the energy of photons in the proximity of a gravitational field, the change being directly proportional to the distance from the gravitational source. In the early 1960s, Pound and Rebka (Phys. Rev. Lett. 3, 439 (1959)) set out to verify Einstein's prediction. The experiment was reprised with even higher precision by Pound and Snider (Phys. Rev. Lett. 13, 539 (1964)). Later, Vessot (Phys. Rev. Lett. 45, 2081 (1980)) reprised the experiment in space at a much improved precision. In this paper, we will present an approach to the experiment that goes exactly in the opposite direction by descending towards the center of the Earth. Our new approach is less expensive, introduces stronger effects, and showcases an unprecedented second-order effect. PACS No.: 03.30.+p

The analysis is geometrically stable orbits of spacecraft remote sensing of the Еarth

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
V. M. Artyushenko ◽  
D. Y. Vinogradov
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Gravitational Field ◽  
State Vector ◽  
Semimajor Axis ◽  
The State ◽  
Zonal Harmonics ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Conditions Of Stability

The article reviewed and analyzed the class of geometrically stable orbits (GUO). The conditions of stability in the model of the geopotential, taking into account the zonal harmonics. The sequence of calculation of the state vector of GUO in the osculating value of the argument of the latitude with the famous Ascoli-royski longitude of the ascending node, inclination and semimajor axis. The simulation is obtained the altitude profiles of SEE regarding the all-earth ellipsoid model of the gravitational field of the Earth given 7 and 32 zonal harmonics.

Spheric radial basis functions in Mahalanobis measuring for displaying local field features

2019 ◽  
Vol 952 (10) ◽  
pp. 2-9
Author(s):  
Yu.M. Neiman ◽  
L.S. Sugaipova ◽  
V.V. Popadyev
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Quadratic Form ◽  
Local Field ◽  
Euclidean Distance ◽  
Basis Functions ◽  
Spherical Functions ◽  
Local Models ◽  
Stationary Field ◽  
Modeling Process ◽  
The Earth

As we know the spherical functions are traditionally used in geodesy for modeling the gravitational field of the Earth. But the gravitational field is not stationary either in space or in time (but the latter is beyond the scope of this article) and can change quite strongly in various directions. By its nature, the spherical functions do not fully display the local features of the field. With this in mind it is advisable to use spatially localized basis functions. So it is convenient to divide the region under consideration into segments with a nearly stationary field. The complexity of the field in each segment can be characterized by means of an anisotropic matrix resulting from the covariance analysis of the field. If we approach the modeling in this way there can arise a problem of poor coherence of local models on segments’ borders. To solve the above mentioned problem it is proposed in this article to use new basis functions with Mahalanobis metric instead of the usual Euclidean distance. The Mahalanobis metric and the quadratic form generalizing this metric enables us to take into account the structure of the field when determining the distance between the points and to make the modeling process continuous.

Electromagnetism as a second order effect

1961 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. G. V. Rosser
Keyword(s):  
Order Effect ◽  
Second Order

Gravity assists maneuver in the problem of extension accessible landing areas on the Venus surface

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-109
Author(s):  
Natan A. Eismont ◽  
Vladislav A. Zubko ◽  
Andrey A. Belyaev ◽  
Ludmila V. Zasova ◽  
Dmitriy A. Gorinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gravitational Field ◽  
Entry Angle ◽  
Gravity Assist ◽  
Flight Duration ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Gravity Assists ◽  
Primary Basis ◽  
Venusian Surface ◽  
Research Show

Abstract This study discusses the usage of Venus gravity assist in order to choose and reaching any point on Venusian surface. The launch of a spacecraft to Venus during the launch windows of 2029 to 2031 is considered for this purpose. The constraints for the method are the re-entry angle and the maximum possible overload. The primary basis of the proposed strategy is to use the gravitational field of Venus to transfer the spacecraft to an orbit resonant to the Venusian one – with the aim of expanding accessible landing areas. Results of the current research show that this strategy provides an essential increase in accessible landing areas and, moreover, may provide an access to any point on the surface of Venus with a small increase in ∆V required for launch from the Earth and in the flight duration. The comparison with the landing without using gravity assist near planet is also given.

scholarly journals Gravitational differentiation in the regimes from stokes settling to Rayleigh–Raylor flows

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-30
Author(s):  
V. P. Trubitsyn
Keyword(s):  
Viscous Fluid ◽  
Interacting Particles ◽  
Small Particles ◽  
Continuous Transition ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Earth's Core ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Large Particles ◽  
Two Component

The Earth’s core was formed under gravitational differentiation in the course of the separation of iron and silicates. Most of the iron has gone into the core as early as when the Earth was growing. However, iron continued to precipitate even during the subsequent partial solidification which developed from the bottom upwards. At the different stages and in the different layers of the mantle, iron was deposited in different regimes. In this paper, the mechanisms of the deposition of a cloud of heavy interacting particles (or drops) in a viscous fluid are considered. A new approach suitable for analytical and numerical tracing the changes in the structure of the flows in a two-component suspension under continuous transition from the Stokessettling (for the case of a cloud of large particles) to the Rayleigh–Taylor flows and heavy diapirs (for the case of a cloud of small particles) is suggested. It is numerically and analytically shown that the both regimes are the different limiting cases of the sedimentation convection in suspensions.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF THE GLOBAL AND LOCAL IMPERFECTION OF STRUCTURAL MEMBERS AND FRAMES

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 805-818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Mercier ◽  
Abdelouahab Khelil ◽  
Ali Khamisi ◽  
Firas Al Mahmoud ◽  
Rémi Boissiere ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Second Order ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Structural Members ◽  
Buckling Mode ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Order Analysis ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
Buckling Failure ◽  
Global And Local

Stresses of a structure are determined with a first or a second order analysis. The choice of the method is guided by the potential influence of the structure’s deformation. In general, considering their low rigidity with regard to those of buildings, scaffolding and shoring structures quickly reach buckling failure. Imperfections, such as structural defects or residual stresses, generate significant second order effects which have to be taken into account. The main challenge is to define these imperfections and to include them appropriately in the calculations. The present study suggests a new approach to define all the structure’s imperfections as a unique imperfection, based on the shape of elastic critical buckling mode of the structure. This study proposes a method allowing to determine the equation of the elastic critical buckling mode from the eigenvectors of the second order analysis of the structure. Subsequently, a comparative study of bending moments of different structures calculated according to current Eurocode 3 or 9 methods or according to the new method is performed. The obtained results prove the performance of the proposed method.

scholarly journals Gravity to Electricity as Quantum

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-hoon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Magnetic Fields ◽  
Potential Energy ◽  
Equilibrium State ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Repulsive Force ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Gravity And Magnetic ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Renormalization Theory

When gravity exists in magnetic fields, gravity interacts with magnetic fields to generate electricity Earth direction or opposite direction. In this experiment, we demonstrate it and explain why need the renormalization theory. And in this experimental model, the relationship between electricity, voltage and time were redefined through the analysis of data for 0.1 second. Voltage and time are in a 1: 1 matching relationship. The voltage can be recorded on the x-axis and time on the y-axis. It explains two expressions of the Schrödinger equation. According to these experiments, the electric potential energy generated in gravity and magnetic fields is not reflected in quantum mechanics. The renormalization theory has modified the quantum mechanics in four-dimensional systems. If gravity and electromagnetic force are particles, they are in a symmetrical balance of supersymmetric particles in the gravity generator. Gravity generator was voltage (0) and electricity (0) in Excel 6380 data of experiment F4 when it was in equilibrium state in the direction of the Earth by gravity force and in the opposite direction by the magnetic repulsive force.

scholarly journals Methods to Test the “Dimming Effect” Produced by a Decrease in the Number of Photons Received from Receding Light Sources

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Zilberman
Keyword(s):  
Light Source ◽  
Opposite Direction ◽  
Ecliptic Plane ◽  
Light Sources ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Decimal Point ◽  
Relativistic Systems ◽  
The Earth ◽  
New Models ◽  
Direction Opposite

The hypothetical “Dimming Effect” describes the change of the number of photons arriving from a moving light source per unit of time. In non-relativistic systems, the “Dimming effect” may occur due to the growing distance of light sources moving away from the receiver. This means that due to the growing distance, the photons continuously require more time to reach the receiver, which reduces the number of received photons per time unit compared to the number of emitted photons. Understandably, the proposed “Dimming effect” must be tested (confirmed or rejected) through observations. a. This article provides the formula for the calculation of “Dimming effect” values using the redshift parameter Z widely used in astronomy. b. The “Dimming effect” can possibly be detected utilizing the orbital movement of the Earth around the Sun. In accordance to the “Dimming effect”, observers on Earth will view 1.0001 more photons per time unit emitted by stars located near the ecliptic plane in the direction of the Earth orbiting the Sun. And, in contrast, observers will view only 0.9999 photons per time unit emitted by stars located near the ecliptic plane in the direction opposite to the Earth orbiting the Sun. Calculating precise measurements of the same stars within a 6-month period can possibly detect this difference. These changes in brightness are not only for specific stars, as the change in brightness takes place for all stars near the ecliptic in the direction of the Earth’s orbit around the Sun and in the opposite direction. c. The “Dimming effect” can possibly be detected in a physics laboratory using a moving light source (or mirror) and photon counters located in the direction of travel and in the opposite direction. d. In theory, Dilation of time can also be used for testing the existence of the “Dimming effect.” However, in experiments on Earth this effect appears in only the 14th digit after the decimal point and testing does not appear to be feasible. e. Why is it important to test the “Dimming effect?” If confirmed, it would allow astronomers to adjust values of "Standard Candles" used in astronomy. Since “Standard Candles” are critical in various cosmological models, the “Dimming effect” can correct models and/or reveal and support new models. If it is proved that the “Dimming effect” does not exist, it will mean that the number of photons arriving per unit of time does not depend on the speed of the light source and observer, which is not so apparent.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document