Study of extensive air showers at Mount Norikura. III. Core structure and high-energy events

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S25-S29 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miyake ◽  
K. Hinotani ◽  
N. Ito ◽  
S. Kino ◽  
H. Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flow ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Flow Density ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Charged Particle Density ◽  
Lateral Density Distribution ◽  
Plastic Scintillators ◽  
Lateral Structure

An area of 3 × 4 m2 is covered by 48 plastic scintillators above and below a water tank 2 m in depth. From maps of the charged-particle density and the energy-flow density in the core region, properties of EAS cores and of the high-energy nucleon component have been studied. About 25% of observed cores show the complicated structure of a "multiple core". These can be understood as due to effects of high-energy nuclear particles having large transverse momenta of several GeV/c to a few tens of GeV/c. The frequency of occurrence of such events increases with the size of EAS only slowly, but it decreases rapidly with increasing distance between the main cores and subcores. There is no clear distinction in the average lateral density distribution of charged particles between these multiple-core EAS and ordinary EAS at points distant from the cores.Comparing the particle density in both layers of detectors (top and bottom), the activity of cores has been studied. This fluctuates more than would be expected from the lateral structure of the showers.

Study of extensive air showers at Mount Norikura. I. Measurement of lateral structure

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S17-S20 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Miyake ◽  
K. Hinotani ◽  
N. Ito ◽  
S. Kino ◽  
H. Sasaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Distribution ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Extensive Air Showers ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Complicated Structure ◽  
Unit Distance ◽  
Lateral Density Distribution ◽  
Lateral Structure

The lateral density distribution of charged particles in EAS is one of the essential parameters for the analysis of individual EAS. To measure the lateral density distribution in detail, 100 ¼-m2 scintillators were arranged in a lattice configuration with a unit distance of 5 m or 2.5 m. The conventional EAS array of 20 scintillators was also used to obtain densities up to about 100 m from the center. These observations are much more accurate than those obtained previously, and it has been found that there are various types of structure functions which can be approximated by the functions for single cascades of age parameter from 0.6 to 1.6. It was difficult in some instances to fit the lateral distribution by a unique function, especially for small EAS.The two-dimensional map obtained by means of the above 100 detectors shows that individual EAS have rarely a complicated structure within a range of about 20 m from the axis. The results are discussed in relation to the character of high-energy interactions as well as to fluctuations in the development of EAS.

Tokyo large air shower project

1968 ◽  
Vol 46 (10) ◽  
pp. S255-S258 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Matano ◽  
M. Nagano ◽  
K. Suga ◽  
G. Tanahashi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Telemetry System ◽  
Simple Experiment ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Fundamental Idea ◽  
Air Shower

A preliminary experiment to detect large air showers by means of radio echoes and to study the high-energy end of the primary cosmic-ray energy spectrum has been started at this Institute. The fundamental idea and the first approach of the experiment are presented. Using the telemetry system between two pairs of a simple scintillation array, which has been constructed to identify and calibrate the showers in the above experiment, the decoherence curve of air showers has been measured between 100 and 1 300 m together with the particle density in each detector. This simple experiment will give the power of the size spectrum above 109.

scholarly journals Study of themuon content of high-energy air showers with KASCADE-Grande

2019 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 06003
Author(s):  
J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez ◽  
D. Rivera-Rangel ◽  
W.D. Apel ◽  
K. Bekk ◽  
M. Bertaina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Density Distribution ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Attenuation Length ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Hadronic Interaction ◽  
Lateral Density Distribution

In this work, we report measurements on the muon content (Eth > 230 MeV) of extensive air showers (EAS) induced by cosmic rays with primary energy from 10 PeV up to 1 EeV performed with the KASCADE-Grande experiment. The measurements are confronted with SIBYLL 2.3. The results are focused on the dependence of the total muon number and the lateral density distribution of muons in EAS on the zenith angle and the total number of charged particles in the shower. We also present updated results of a detailed study of the attenuation length of shower muons, which reveal a deviation between the measured data and the predictions of the post-LHC hadronic interaction models SIBYLL 2.3, QGSJET-II-04 and EPOS-LHC.

scholarly journals Tests of the SIBYLL 2.3 high-energy hadronic interaction model using the KASCADE-Grande muon data

2018 ◽  
Vol 172 ◽  
pp. 07003 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.C. Arteaga-Velázquez ◽  
D. Rivera-Rangel ◽  
W.D. Apel ◽  
K. Bekk ◽  
M. Bertaina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Interaction Model ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Attenuation Length ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Hadronic Interaction ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Lateral Density Distribution ◽  
Shower Array

The KASCADE-Grande observatory was a ground-based air shower array dedicated to study the energy and composition of cosmic rays in the energy interval E = 1 PeV –1 EeV. The experiment consisted of different detector systems which allowed the simultaneous measurement of distinct components of air showers (EAS), such as the muon content. In this contribution, we study the total muon number and the lateral density distribution of muons in EAS detected by KASCADE-Grande as a function of the zenith angle and the total number of charged particles. The attenuation length of the muon content of EAS is also measured. The results are compared with the predictions of the SIBYLL 2.3 high-energy hadronic interaction model.

Intermittency and erraticity of charged particles produced in 28Si-Ag/Br interaction at 14.5 A GeV

2011 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. 949-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Provash Mali ◽  
Amitabha Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Gurmukh Singh
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Incident Energy ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
Relativistic Quantum ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Statistical Simulation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Quantum Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Urqmd Model ◽  
Charged Particle Density

In this paper, we present the intermittency and the erraticity analyses of the distributions of charged particles produced in 28Si-Ag/Br interaction at incident energy 14.5 A GeV. The experimental results are compared with a Monte Carlo simulation using ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) model. The experimental data show the presence of a nonstatistical component in the produced charged-particle density. Neither the UrQMD simulation nor the purely statistical simulation was found to match the experimental data. The present set of results are compared to those obtained in similar measurements from earlier high-energy nucleus–nucleus experiments.

The E-ring: interactions with plasma and implications for its evolution

1984 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 599-602
Author(s):  
T.V. Johnson ◽  
G.E. Morfill ◽  
E. Grun
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Particle Density ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Particle Removal ◽  
Density Region ◽  
Drag Forces ◽  
Orbit Evolution ◽  
History Of ◽  
Ring Particle ◽  
Ring Material

A number of lines of evidence suggest that the particles making up the E-ring are small, on the order of a few microns or less in size (Terrile and Tokunaga, 1980, BAAS; Pang et al., 1982 Saturn meeting; Tucson, AZ). This suggests that a variety of electromagnetic and plasma affects may be important in considering the history of such particles. We have shown (Morfill et al., 1982, J. Geophys. Res., in press) that plasma drags forces from the corotating plasma will rapidly evolve E-ring particle orbits to increasing distance from Saturn until a point is reached where radiation drag forces acting to decrease orbital radius balance this outward acceleration. This occurs at approximately Rhea's orbit, although the exact value is subject to many uncertainties. The time scale for plasma drag to move particles from Enceladus' orbit to the outer E-ring is ~104yr. A variety of effects also act to remove particles, primarily sputtering by both high energy charged particles (Cheng et al., 1982, J. Geophys. Res., in press) and corotating plasma (Morfill et al., 1982). The time scale for sputtering away one micron particles is also short, 102 - 10 yrs. Thus the detailed particle density profile in the E-ring is set by a competition between orbit evolution and particle removal. The high density region near Enceladus' orbit may result from the sputtering yeild of corotating ions being less than unity at this radius (e.g. Eviatar et al., 1982, Saturn meeting). In any case, an active source of E-ring material is required if the feature is not very ephemeral - Enceladus itself, with its geologically recent surface, appears still to be the best candidate for the ultimate source of E-ring material.

scholarly journals Lateral distributions of electrons in air showers initiated by ultra-high energy gamma quanta taking into account LPM and geomagnetic field effects

2019 ◽  
Vol 1181 ◽  
pp. 012088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana Serebryakova ◽  
Alexander Goncharov ◽  
Anatoly Lagutin ◽  
Roman Raikin ◽  
Akeo Misaki
Keyword(s):  
Geomagnetic Field ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
High Energy Gamma ◽  
Field Effects ◽  
Energy Gamma

scholarly journals Minijets and transverse energy flow in high energy collisions

2001 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gösta Gustafson ◽  
Gabriela Miu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Flow ◽  
Transverse Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
High Energy Collisions ◽  
Transverse Energy Flow
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document