AN OXYGENATED FATTY ACID FROM THE SEED OIL OF HIBISCUS ESCULENTUS

1957 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J. Chisholm ◽  
C. Y. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Plant Family ◽  
Total Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Hibiscus Esculentus

The fatty acids of okra seed oil (Hibiscusesculentus L.) were examined. Acetylation of the oil, followed by saponification and separation of the acids, gave 12,13-dihydroxyoleic acid. From this and other evidence it is concluded that 12,13-epoxyoleic acid is present as a constituent of the glycerides. An oxygenated acid has not been identified previously in seed oils of this plant family (Malvaceae). 9-Hexadecenoic acid was also found. The total fatty acid composition was determined by distillation of the methyl esters and analysis of the distilled fractions. The percentages of the acids identified were estimated as follows: 9-hexadecenoic 0.6, palmitic 29, linoleic 39, oleic 23, stearic 2, 12,13-epoxyoleic 3, arachidic <1. Myristic, eicosenoic, and trienoic acids were not detected and, if present, are judged to have been in amounts less than 1% of the total.

scholarly journals Nutrients, fatty acid composition and antioxidant activity of the flowers and seed oils in wild populations of Paeonia ludlowii

2019 ◽  
pp. 206
Author(s):  
Jie Li, Zai-Hua Wang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
The Impact

Wild Paeonia ludlowii is considered as a traditional ornamental plant, but its flowers and seed oils are edible with important economic values, and the variation of nutrients, fatty acid composition in wild populations is scarcely known. Flowers and seeds of P. ludlowii were collected from two wild populations for evaluating the nutrients in flowers, composition of fatty acids in seed oils and the antioxidant activity. The flowers contained high composition of proteins, carbohydrates, amino acids, total flavonoids, phenolic compounds and essential minerals. Seed oil yield reached up to 21.95% using supercritical CO2 fluid extraction, and it contained 14 fatty acids (up to 93.35 g/100g seed oil), especially the unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid) was up to 88.69% with low ω6/ω3 ratios of 0.58. The antioxidant capacity can be arranged in the order of trolox > flower extracts > seed oil according to the DPPH and ABTS free radical assay. Contents of nutrient in flowers and fatty acids in seed oils were significantly different between two wild populations due to the impact of different growing environments. These results indicate that flowers and seed oils of P. ludlowii are potential food resources in human diets.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Characteristics of Two Kinds of Tea Seed Oils: Oil-tea Seed Oil and Green-Tea Seed Oil

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Xinchu Weng ◽  
Zhuoting Yun ◽  
Chenxiao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Green Tea ◽  
Acid Level ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Tea Seed Oil

Physicochemical properties, fatty acid composition, antioxidant compounds and oxidative stability of oil-tea seed oil (Camellia oleifera Abel.) and green-tea seed oil (Camellia sinensis O. Ktze.) were investigated. The refractive index, saponification value, iodine value, acid value, peroxide value, unsaponifiables were determined to assess the quality of the oils. The major fatty acids of green-tea seed oil and oil-tea seed oil were oleic acid, linoleic acid and palmitic acid. Green-tea seed oil was typical oleic-linoleic-oil with 52.13% oleic acid and 24.32% linoleic acid level, whereas oil-tea seed oil was typical oleic-oil with very high oleic acid level (73.67%). The amount of total phenols, α-tocopherol and β-carotene of green-tea seed oil were 8.68 mg/kg, 160.33 mg/kg, 3.20 mg/kg, respectively, whereas they were 17.90 mg/kg, 85.66 mg/kg, 1.18 mg/kg in oil-tea seed oil, respectively. Green-tea seed oil contained high amounts of α-tocopherol which was nearly twice that of oil-tea seed oil. The initial induction period (IP) values of green-tea seed oil and oil-tea seed oil were 6.55h and 6.08h at 110 oC by OSI method, respectively, which shows the oxidative stability of two kinds of tea seed oils were preferable. Therefore, oil-tea seed oil could be a good dietary supplement with high level of monounsaturated fatty acids and similar fatty acid composition of olive oil. Green-tea seed oil was a new oil resource which is rich in α-tocopherol in China.

11-OCTADECENOIC ACID AND OTHER FATTY ACIDS OF ASCLEPIAS SYRIACA SEED OIL

1960 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 805-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary J. Chisholm ◽  
C. Y. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Dihydroxystearic Acid ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Oxidative Splitting

The seed oil of Asclepiassyriaca L., family Asclepidaceae, was examined by gas chromatography and distillation of the methyl esters. The fatty acids were found to include a considerable proportion of cis-11-octadecenoic acid, which has not been observed previously in seed oils. It was obtained as a concentrate [Formula: see text] by low-temperature crystallization of the C18 acids and identified as 11,12-dihydroxystearic acid. The amount of 11-octadecenoic acid in the oil was determined by oxidative splitting of the total fatty acids and estimation of the resulting azelaic and undecanedioic acids by gas chromatography.The C16 acids included 9,12-hexadecadienoic acid, which is rare in seed oils,and an unusually large proportion of 9-hexadecenoic acid. The percentage composition of the fatty acids was estimated from the data as follows: palmitic 4,9-hexadecenoic 10, 9,12-hexadecadienoic 2, stearic < 1, oleic 15, 11-octadecenoic 15, linoleic 53, linolenic < 1. The unsaturated acids have the cis configuration.

Depot fatty acids of Aberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle reared on hay and barley diets

1977 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-582 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. M. F. Leat
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Visual Inspection ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Hexadecenoic Acid ◽  
Friesian Cattle

SummaryAberdeen Angus and Friesian cattle were reared from 4 months of age to slaughter weight at 18–24 months on either high-barley or high-hay diets. Samples of subcutaneous fat were taken by biopsy at 3 monthly intervals, and the degree of fatness of each animal was estimated ultrasonically prior to slaughter, and by visual inspection of the carcasses.The barley-fed animals gained weight more rapidly, and fattened more quickly than the hay-fed animals with the Angus being fatter than the Friesian at the same age. The percentage stearic acid (C18:0) in subcutaneous fat decreased with age and was replaced by octadecenoic acid (C18:l) and hexadecenoic acid (C16:l), these changes being more rapid in barley-fed than in hay-fed animals. At the same degree of fatness the depot fats of the Friesians were more unsaturated than those of the Angus, and in both breeds the fatter the animal the more unsaturated was its depot fat.In the hay-fed cattle the percentage C16:0 in subcutaneous fat increased during the last half of the experiment and at slaughter the percentage C16:0 was significantly higher, and C18:l significantly lower, in all depot fats compared with those of the barley-fed animals.It is concluded that the fatty acid composition of bovine depot fats is modulated by the degree of fattening, and can be affected by diet.

scholarly journals Chemical Properties and Fatty Acid Composition of Palado Seed Oil (Aglaia sp) Extracted Using Chloroform Solvent

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syamsul RAHMAN ◽  
Salengke Salengke ◽  
Abu Bakar TAWALI ◽  
Meta MAHENDRADATTA
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Food Ingredients

Palado (Aglaia sp) is a plant that grows wild in the forest around Mamuju regency of West Sulawesi, Indonesia. This plant is locally known as palado. Palado seeds (Aglaia sp) can be used as a source of vegetable oil because it contains approximately 14.75 % oil, and it has the potential to be used as food ingredients or as raw material for oil production. The purpose of this study was to determine the chemical properties and the composition of fatty acids contained in palado seed oil (Aglaia sp). The employed method involved the use of palado fruit that had been processed to be palado seed and undergoing flouring process. Palado flour was produced by the extraction process by using chloroform solvent with the soxhlet method. The characteristics of the chemical properties in the oil produced were analyzed by using a standard method, including iodine, saponification, and acid values. The analysis of fatty acid composition was conducted by using gas chromatography. The results showed that palado oil extracted with hexane had an iodine value of 15.38 mg/g, saponification value of 190.01 mg KOH/g, and acids value of 1.961 mg KOH/g. The fatty acid composition of the palado seed oil consisted of saturated fatty acids (41.601 %), which included palmitic acid (41.062 %), myristic acid (0.539 %), and unsaturated fatty acids (45.949 %), which included mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) such as (22.929 %), oleic acid and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which was linoleic acid (23.020 %).

scholarly journals Cold-pressed cactus pear seed oil: Quality and stability

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. e415 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. De Wit ◽  
V.K. Motsamai ◽  
A. Hugo
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Cactus Pear ◽  
Cold Pressed

Cold-pressed seed oil from twelve commercially produced cactus pear cultivars was assessed for oil yield, fatty acid composition, physicochemical properties, quality and stability. Large differences in oil content, fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties (IV, PV, RI, tocopherols, ORAC, % FFA, OSI and induction time) were observed. Oil content ranged between 2.51% and 5.96% (Meyers and American Giant). The important fatty acids detected were C16:0, C18:0, C18:1c9 and C18:2c9,12, with C18:2c9,12, the dominating fatty acid, ranging from 58.56-65.73%, followed by C18:1c9, ranging between 13.18-16.07%, C16:0, which ranged between 10.97 - 15.07% and C18:0, which ranged between 2.62-3.18%. Other fatty acids such as C14:0, C16:1c9, C17:0, C17:1c10, C20:0, C18:3c9,12,15 and C20:3c8,11,14 were detected in small amounts. The quality parameters of the oils were strongly influenced by oil content, fatty acid composition and physicochemical properties. Oil content, PV, % FFA, RI, IV, tocopherols, ORAC and ρ-anisidine value were negatively correlated with OSI. C18:0; C18:1c9; C18:2c9,12; MUFA; PUFA; n-6 and PUFA/SFA were also negatively correlated with OSI. Among all the cultivars, American Giant was identified as the paramount cultivar with good quality traits (oil content and oxidative stability).

Chloroplast Fatty Acid Composition in Mediterranean Populations of the Marine Chlorophyte, Anadyomene stellata

2000 ◽  
Vol 55 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 569-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debra L. Bemis ◽  
Vassilios Roussis ◽  
Constantinios Vagias ◽  
Robert S. Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Esters ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Florida Keys ◽  
Mediterranean Populations ◽  
Total Fatty Acids ◽  
Of Greece

Abstract Chloroplasts isolated from three populations of the tropical marine Chlorophyte Anadyomene stellata collected off the coast of Greece were analyzed for their fatty acid composition. Following the preparation of fatty acid methyl esters, GC-MS (El) was utilized to identify the fatty acids present in each population. Including isomers, the fatty acid profile of all three algal populations was comprised of 19 fatty acids (4 saturated, 6 monounsaturated, 9 polyunsaturated) with palmitic acid present in the highest amounts (25-27% of total fatty acids). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences amongst the three populations in the percent of total fatty acids for twelve of the fatty acids. High levels of C20 PUFAs, an atypical observation in Chlorophytes, were observed in all three populations comprising approximately 17% of total fatty acids. Furthermore a 14:2 PUFA , apparently rare in marine macrophytic Chlorophytes, was identified in significant quantities. Surprisingly, we did not find any of the conjugated tetraene containing fatty acids that we previously identified in the A. stellata populations studied from the Florida Keys.

scholarly journals Quantitative Trait Loci and Candidate Genes Associated with Fatty Acid Content of Watermelon Seed

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Meru ◽  
Cecilia McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Watermelon Seed

Seed oil percentage (SOP) and fatty acid composition of watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) seeds are important traits in Africa, the Middle East, and Asia where the seeds provide a significant source of nutrition and income. Oil yield from watermelon seed exceeds 50% (w/w) and is high in unsaturated fatty acids, a profile comparable to that of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and soybean (Glycine max) oil. As a result of novel non-food uses of plant-derived oils, there is an increasing need for more sources of vegetable oil. To improve the nutritive value of watermelon seed and position watermelon as a potential oil crop, it is critical to understand the genetic factors associated with SOP and fatty acid composition. Although the fatty acid composition of watermelon seed is well documented, the underlying genetic basis has not yet been studied. Therefore, the current study aimed to elucidate the quality of watermelon seed oil and identify genomic regions and candidate genes associated with fatty acid composition. Seed from an F2 population developed from a cross between an egusi type (PI 560023), known for its high SOP, and Strain II (PI 279261) was phenotyped for palmitic acid (16:0), stearic acid (18:0), oleic acid (18:1), and linoleic acid (18:2). Significant (P < 0.05) correlations were found between palmitic and oleic acid (0.24), palmitic and linoleic acid (–0.37), stearic and linoleic acid (–0.21), and oleic and linoleic acid (–0.92). A total of eight quantitative trait loci (QTL) were associated with fatty acid composition with a QTL for oleic and linoleic acid colocalizing on chromosome (Chr) 6. Eighty genes involved in fatty biosynthesis including those modulating the ratio of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids were identified from the functionally annotated genes on the watermelon draft genome. Several fatty acid biosynthesis genes were found within and in close proximity to the QTL identified in this study. A gene (Cla013264) homolog to fatty acid elongase (FAE) was found within the 1.5-likelihood-odds (LOD) interval of the QTL for palmitic acid (R2 = 7.6%) on Chr 2, whereas Cla008157, a homolog to omega-3-fatty acid desaturase and Cla008263, a homolog to FAE, were identified within the 1.5-LOD interval of the QTL for palmitic acid (R2 = 24.7%) on Chr 3. In addition, the QTL for palmitic acid on Chr 3 was located ≈0.60 Mbp from Cla002633, a gene homolog to fatty acyl- [acyl carrier protein (ACP)] thioesterase B. A gene (Cla009335) homolog to ACP was found within the flanking markers of the QTL for oleic acid (R2 = 17.9%) and linoleic acid (R2 = 21.5%) on Chr 6, whereas Cla010780, a gene homolog to acyl-ACP desaturase was located within the QTL for stearic acid (R2 = 10.2%) on Chr 7. On Chr 8, another gene (Cla013862) homolog to acyl-ACP desaturase was found within the 1.5-LOD interval of the QTL for oleic acid (R2 = 13.5%). The genes identified in this study are possible candidates for the development of functional markers for application in marker-assisted selection for fatty acid composition in watermelon seed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that aimed to elucidate genetic control of the fatty acid composition of watermelon seed.

Some rape/canola seed oils: fatty acid composition and tocopherols

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bertrand Matthaus ◽  
Mehmet Musa Özcan ◽  
Fahad Al Juhaimi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Canola Seed ◽  
Canola Oils

Abstract Seed samples of some rape and canola cultivars were analysed for oil content, fatty acid and tocopherol profiles. Gas liquid chromotography and high performance liquid chromotography were used for fatty acid and tocopherol analysis, respectively. The oil contents of rape and canola seeds varied between 30.6% and 48.3% of the dry weight (p<0.05). The oil contents of rapeseeds were found to be high compared with canola seed oils. The main fatty acids in the oils are oleic (56.80–64.92%), linoleic (17.11–20.92%) and palmitic (4.18–5.01%) acids. A few types of tocopherols were found in rape and canola oils in various amounts: α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, δ-tocopherol, β-tocopherol and α-tocotrienol. The major tocopherol in the seed oils of rape and canola cultivars were α-tocopherol (13.22–40.01%) and γ-tocopherol (33.64–51.53%) accompanied by α-T3 (0.0–1.34%) and δ-tocopherol (0.25–1.86%) (p<0.05). As a result, the present study shows that oil, fatty acid and tocopherol contents differ significantly among the cultivars.

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