Effects of serial propagation, donor age, and genotype on Chamaecyparis nootkatensis physiology and growth traits

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 623-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Krakowski ◽  
A Benowicz ◽  
J H Russell ◽  
Y A El-Kassaby
Keyword(s):  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Aging Effects ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Chronological Aging ◽  
Chamaecyparis Nootkatensis ◽  
Exchange Parameters ◽  
Serial Propagation

Clonal replicates of Chamaecyparis nootkatensis (D. Don) Spach rooted cuttings (ramets) originating from pruned donor hedges (ortets) were grown for 3 years in a completely randomized common garden in southwestern British Columbia. Ramets were cut when ortets were 3, 7, 11, and 15 years old; selected ramets were also serially propagated for one, two, or three cycles, 4 years apart. Serial propagation and physiological and chronological aging effects of ortets on ramets were evaluated for photosynthetic and gas exchange parameters, rooting, height, biomass, and cold hardiness. Genotypic variation typically exceeded treatment differences. Excepting several genotypes, serial propagation had no significant effect on aging for pruned plants. Some genotypes had crooked or plagiotropic growth. These differences strengthened with ortet age, but serial propagation effects varied with genotype. Rooting success was similar across treatments. Detrimental effects of ortet aging were detected only at age 15. Clonal rooting differences were obscured by age 7; 15-year-old material had the lowest rooting success and smallest individuals. Serially propagated ramets from 15-year-old ortets had smaller shoots. No consistent trends were caused by age or serial propagation for other traits. Serial propagation can successfully mass produce tested elite yellow-cedar planting stock up to age 15.

Genetic Variation in Chamaecyparis nootkatensis from Coastal British Columbia1

1992 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. Cherry ◽  
D. T. Lester
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Chamaecyparis Nootkatensis ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Lateral Branches ◽  
Port Orford Cedar

Abstract Genetic variation in several traits of Alaska-cedar (Chamaecyparis nootkatensis) was measured in progeny from seven coastal B.C. provenances, each represented by three open-pollinated families. The common-garden nursery trial also included one provenance of Port-Orford cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana). Growth traits and frost hardiness were measured at the end of the first growing season, and morphological traits after the second year. Provenances varied in percentage germination, shoot dry weight, shoot to root dry weight ratio, number of lateral branches per stem, and cold injury to a minimum temperature of -20°C in December. Families differed in height, root collar diameter, and in the number of nodes of primary foliage. Port-Orford cedar exhibited much greater height, stem caliper, and dry weight than any Alaska-cedar provenance, but was more susceptible to frost damage. West. J. Appl. For. 7(1):25-29.

Genotypic variation of gas exchange parameters and carbon isotope discrimination in winter wheat

2002 ◽  
Vol 159 (8) ◽  
pp. 891-898 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qingwu Xue ◽  
Madhavan Soundararajan ◽  
Albert Weiss ◽  
Timothy J. Arkebauer ◽  
P. Stephen Baenziger
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Carbon Isotope ◽  
Carbon Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Isotope Discrimination ◽  
Exchange Parameters

GENOTYPIC VARIATION IN CANOPY PHOTOSYNTHESIS, LEAF GAS EXCHANGE CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR RESPONSE TO TAPPING IN RUBBER (HEVEA BRASILIENSIS)

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. K. L. K. GUNASEKARA ◽  
W. A. J. M. DE COSTA ◽  
E. A. NUGAWELA
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Dark Respiration ◽  
Leaf Gas Exchange ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Canopy Photosynthesis ◽  
Rubber Content ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Gas Exchange Characteristics ◽  
Exchange Parameters

The main objective of this study was to quantify the genotypic variation of photosynthetic and gas exchange parameters of Hevea and to examine their relationships to dry rubber yield and its components. Canopy photosynthesis (Pc) of the genotype RRISL 211 was 20 % greater than that of RRIC 121. This was primarily due to RRISL 211's greater light-saturated leaf photosynthetic rates and a greater leaf area index in the top canopy stratum. Tapping significantly increased Pc in RRISL 211, but not in RRIC 121. The genotypic variation in photosynthetic capacity was not reflected in the overall dry rubber yield, which did not differ between the two genotypes. However, analysis of yield components showed that while RRISL 211 may have preferentially partitioned a greater proportion of its additional assimilates to increasing the latex volume and extending the root system, RRIC 121 partitioned more assimilates to increasing its dry rubber content through greater biosynthesis of rubber. The higher plugging index and the greater post-tapping girth increment of RRIC 121 were probably responsible for observed increases in its dark respiration following tapping. Although RRISL 211 had a greater transpiration efficiency, this did not provide a yield advantage as the trees were growing in an environment with adequate rainfall throughout the year.

scholarly journals Variation in Saltgrass Growth and Time of Fall Dormancy Related to Geographical and Climatic Factors

2008 ◽  
Vol 133 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrvoje Rukavina ◽  
Harrison Hughes ◽  
Randy Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Far East ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Geographical Factors ◽  
Fall Dormancy

Development of a new turfgrass cultivar requires an evaluation of numerous traits as well as an understanding of environmental factors influencing those traits. Growth or ability to fill in gaps and time of fall dormancy (fall color retention) that indicates cold hardiness are important traits for turfgrasses. This study was initiated to characterize variation in saltgrass [Distichlis spicata L. (Greene)] growth and time of fall dormancy related to climatic and geographical factors at the source location (geographical location of clone origin). Growth traits and time of fall dormancy were measured on 52 saltgrass clones collected from 41 locations and established at one location (common garden) in Fort Collins, CO. Principal component analysis on the morphological traits extracted the first principal component that explained 78% of the variability. The first principal component and time of fall dormancy were related to climatic and geographical factors at the source locations. Variation in growth traits was related to seasonal climatic variables of summer drying and fall cooling that explained ≈50% of variability in morphological traits. Variation in time of fall dormancy was related to longitude of clone origin and minimum winter temperature. These two variables explained ≈60% of the total variability in time of fall dormancy. Information obtained in this study may help breeders identify the best environments for specific traits and suggests that cold tolerance could be a problem for some clones from western sources if established too far east.

Influence of Selected Endomycorrhizae from the Sonoran Desert and Glomus intraradices on Growth Response and Gas Exchange of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. cv. Leprechaun

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 501d-501
Author(s):  
Jonathan N. Egilla ◽  
Fred T. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Sonoran Desert ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Glomus Intraradices ◽  
Root Colonization ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Exchange Parameters

Six endomycorrhiza isolates from the Sonoran Desert of Mexico [Desert-14(18)1, 15(9)1, 15(15)1, Palo Fierro, Sonoran, and G. geosporum] were evaluated with a pure isolate of Glomus intraradices for their effect on the growth and gas exchange of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L. cv. Leprechaun under low phosphorus fertility (11 mg P/L). Rooted cuttings of Hibiscus plants were inoculated with the seven mycorrhiza isolates and grown for 122 days. Gas exchange measurements were made on days 26, 88, and 122 after inoculation, and plants were harvested on day 123 for growth analysis. Plants inoculated with the seven isolates had 70% to 80% root colonization at harvest. Plants inoculated with G. intraradices had significantly higher leaf, shoot and root dry matter (DM), leaf DM/area (P ≤ 0.05) than those inoculated with any of the six isolates, and greater leaf area (LA) than Desert-15(9)1 and 15(15)1. Uninoculated plants had significantly lower leaf, shoot, root DM, leaf DM/area and LA (P ≤ 0.05) than the inoculated plants. There were no differences among the seven isolates in any of the gas exchange parameters measured [photosynthesis (A) stomatal conductance (gs), the ratio of intercellular to external CO2 (ci/ca), A to transpiration (E) ratio (A/E)]. The relationship between inoculated and uninoculated plants in these gas exchange parameters were variable on day 122 after inoculation.

scholarly journals Zeolite and Vermiculite as Inorganic Soil Amendments Modify Shoot-Root Allocation, Mineral Nutrition, Photosystem II Activity and Gas Exchange Parameters of Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill) Plants

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 109
Author(s):  
Theocharis Chatzistathis ◽  
Evgenia Papaioannou ◽  
Anastasia Giannakoula ◽  
Ioannis E. Papadakis
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Fertilization Rates ◽  
Sustainable Nutrient Management ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
High Fertilization ◽  
Exchange Parameters

One of the most challenging topics for the sustainable agriculture is how to decrease high fertilization rates. A pot experiment, exploring the effects of zeolite (ZEO) and/or vermiculite (VER) as soil amendments, comparing to the soil application of a controlled release fertilizer (CRF), was realized in chestnut plants. Various parameters related to soil fertility, and plant growth, nutrition, and physiology were investigated to gain knowledge towards more sustainable management. After ZEO application and in comparison to CRF, an impressive boost in soil K was achieved. Moreover, soil P and Zn levels were higher in the VER-treated soil, compared to CRF. Leaf K and Ca concentrations were significantly higher in ZEO, compared to the VER treatment; the highest foliar N and Zn concentrations were measured in CRF and VER, respectively. However, significantly lower foliar Mn and Cu were found in VER. The highest root biomass produced in the ZEO treated plants. For most nutrients, their total uptake per plant was higher in CRF and ZEO. Finally, photosynthetic rates were higher in VER (mainly due to non-stomatal factors) and CRF (mainly due to stomatal factors). Our data open a discussion towards the application of ZEO and/or VER as soil amendments in chestnut nurseries and orchards, aiming at partially decreasing fertilization rates and boosting sustainable nutrient management.

scholarly journals The Effect of Grapevine Age (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Zinfandel) on Phenology and Gas Exchange Parameters over Consecutive Growing Seasons

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 311
Author(s):  
Vegas Riffle ◽  
Nathaniel Palmer ◽  
L. Federico Casassa ◽  
Jean Catherine Dodson Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Gas Exchange Parameters ◽  
Growing Season Length ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Exchange Parameters

Unlike most crop industries, there is a strongly held belief within the wine industry that increased vine age correlates with quality. Considering this perception could be explained by vine physiological differences, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vine age on phenology and gas exchange parameters. An interplanted, dry farmed, Zinfandel vineyard block under consistent management practices in the Central Coast of California was evaluated over two consecutive growing seasons. Treatments included Young vines (5 to 12 years old), Control (representative proportion of young to old vines in the block), and Old vines (40 to 60 years old). Phenology, leaf water potential, and gas exchange parameters were tracked. Results indicated a difference in phenological progression after berry set between Young and Old vines. Young vines progressed more slowly during berry formation and more rapidly during berry ripening, resulting in Young vines being harvested before Old vines due to variation in the timing of sugar accumulation. No differences in leaf water potential were found. Young vines had higher mid-day stomatal conductance and tended to have higher mid-day photosynthetic rates. The results of this study suggest vine age is a factor in phenological timing and growing season length.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document