Formation of organic sulfur in forest soils: a biologically mediated process

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1077-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Fitzgerald ◽  
Jaru T. Ash ◽  
Timothy C. Strickland ◽  
Wayne T. Swank
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Covalent Linkage ◽  
Carbon Availability ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Acid And Base ◽  
Extractable Fraction ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Inorganic Sulfate

The ability of soils from hardwood, clear-cut, and pine forests to incorporate sulfur from added inorganic sulfate into salt-extractable (adsorbed) and nonsalt-extractable forms was investigated. At least 65% of the added sulfate was adsorbed while 8–27% of the sulfate added was recovered only after treatment of salt-extracted samples with acid and base (nonsalt-extractable sulfur). The incorporation of sulfur into this latter fraction was dependent upon incubation time, temperature, and depth and exhibited both spatial as well as seasonal variation in samples taken along a transect of one of the watersheds. Sulfur incorporation into the nonsalt-extractable fraction was inhibited 75–87% by sodium azide, 62–84% by erythromycin, and 41–68% by candicidin suggesting that the process is mediated by bacteria and fungi. Data on factors influencing sulfur incorporation suggest that sulfate was incorporated into organic matter as a covalent linkage and released after rupture of this linkage during acid and base treatment. The observations that 35S incorporation was inhibited 93–99% by unlabelled sulfate and stimulated 21–65% by increased carbon availability are consistent with this suggestion.

Availability of carbon-bonded sulfur for mineralization in forest soils

1984 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 839-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Fitzgerald ◽  
T. L. Andrew ◽  
W. T. Swank
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Forest Litter ◽  
Pine Forests ◽  
Hardwood Forest ◽  
Cell Respiration ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Floor Layer ◽  
General Inhibitor

The capacities of soil from hardwood, clear-cut, and pine forests of the Coweeta basin to mineralize, adsorb; and incorporate into Organic matter carbon-bonded sulfur in the form of L-methionine was investigated. These soils adsorbed and incorporated between 40 and 66% of this amino acid within a 0.5-h incubation period, but much of the immobilized sulfur was mineralized after 48 h incubation. Ah additional hardwood forest (watershed 18) was chosen for further study of the incorporation process in both litter and mineral horizons. The O2 forest floor layer exhibited the highest levels of activity in samples taken along a transect of this watershed. Incorporation of methionine into the organic matter of these samples was complete within about 12 h of incubation and was inhibited by pretreatment of the samples with sodium azide; a general inhibitor of cell respiration. The capacities for methionine incorporation determined invitro complement observations of the high levels of carbon bonded sulfur found insitu in forest litter and soil.

scholarly journals Speciation of organosulfur compounds in carbonaceous chondrites

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Zherebker ◽  
Yury Kostyukevich ◽  
Dmitry S. Volkov ◽  
Ratibor G. Chumakov ◽  
Lukas Friederici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Ion Cyclotron Resonance ◽  
Organosulfur Compounds ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Fticr Ms ◽  
Insoluble Organic Matter ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Extractable Fraction ◽  
The Individual

AbstractDespite broad application of different analytical techniques for studies on organic matter of chondrite meteorites, information about composition and structure of individual compounds is still very limited due to extreme molecular diversity of extraterrestrial organic matter. Here we present the first application of isotopic exchange assisted Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR MS) for analysis of alkali extractable fraction of insoluble organic matter (IOM) of the Murchison and Allende meteorites. This allowed us to determine the individual S-containing ions with different types of sulfur atoms in IOM. Thiols, thiophenes, sulfoxides, sulfonyls and sulfonates were identified in both samples but with different proportions, which contribution corroborated with the hydrothermal and thermal history of the meteorites. The results were supported by XPS and thermogravimetric analysis coupled to FTICR MS. The latter was applied for the first time for analysis of chondritic IOM. To emphasize the peculiar extraterrestrial origin of IOM we have compared it with coal kerogen, which is characterized by the comparable complexity of molecular composition but its aromatic nature and low oxygen content can be ascribed almost exclusively to degradation of biomacromolecules.

Compound-Specific Factors Influencing Sorption Nonlinearity in Natural Organic Matter

2008 ◽  
Vol 42 (16) ◽  
pp. 5897-5903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Endo ◽  
Peter Grathwohl ◽  
Stefan B. Haderlein ◽  
Torsten C. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Specific Factors

Factors influencing the achievement of steady state in mercury contamination among lakes and catchments of south-central Ontario

2009 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Brad Mills ◽  
Andrew M. Paterson ◽  
Jules M. Blais ◽  
David R.S. Lean ◽  
John P. Smol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Mercury Contamination ◽  
Positive Linear Relationship ◽  
South Central ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Headwater Lakes ◽  
Drainage Ratio

Mercury (Hg) concentrations in recent (0.5–1 cm) and preindustrial (>30 cm) sediments were examined across lakes in south-central and eastern Ontario, Canada (45.53°N, 82.41°W to 44.15°N, 76.25°W), to determine whether Hg exported from watersheds is at steady state with atmospheric deposition. An examination of headwater lakes revealed that Hg enrichment was not uniform among watersheds but that the enrichment factor (EF = [Hg]present day/[Hg]preindustrial, standardized for organic matter) decreased as a function of drainage ratio (Ad /Ao, watershedarea/lakearea). Furthermore, the model fit was improved after accounting for differences in sulfate concentrations and pH among lakes: EF = (Ad /Ao)–15.96 – 0.07(SO 42– ) – (3.55(pH>8.3)) (R2 = 0.458, p = 0.0001). Hg concentrations in preindustrial sediments of headwater lakes showed a positive linear relationship with drainage ratio (partial t = 4.83, p < 0.0001, n = 66) that was strengthened following an adjustment for mean annual runoff (MAR) ([Hg]preindustrial = 0.011 ± 0.002(Ad /Ao) + 0.0008 ± 0.0003(MAR) (R2 = 0.108, F[1,66] = 8.01, p = 0.006)). Our results suggest that Hg export from watersheds may be currently lagging behind atmospheric Hg deposition, in which case, Hg export would increase into the future, even as Hg deposition from the atmosphere stabilizes.

scholarly journals Subsurface arsenic removal column tests: from the laboratory to the field

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Moed ◽  
D. van Halem ◽  
J. Q. J. C. Verberk ◽  
J. A. M. van Paassen ◽  
L. C. Rietveld
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Organic Matter ◽  
Arsenic Removal ◽  
Column Experiments ◽  
Groundwater Pumping ◽  
Column Tests ◽  
Competitive Effects ◽  
Water Composition ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Pumping Stations

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Previous laboratory column experiments have given evidence of competitive effects between different groundwater constituents in the process of subsurface arsenic removal, a process in which arsenic is removed from groundwater by injecting water with oxygen into the subsurface. The presence of phosphate and other anions significantly limited arsenic removal. To investigate the influence of phosphate in natural groundwater, pumping stations in Loosdrecht (the Netherlands) and Subotica (Serbia) both with low phosphate concentrations (&amp;lt;0.1 mg l<sup>−1</sup>) and considerable arsenic concentrations (30 and 110 μg l<sup>−1</sup>) were chosen, to perform experiments identical to the previous laboratory work. Despite of the absence of phosphate, the subsurface arsenic removal process performed poorly in Subotica, with 50% arsenic breakthrough occurring after 2 to 4 column pore volumes of abstracted water. In Loosdrecht subsurface arsenic removal showed more promising results, 50% breakthrough after 6 to 7 pore volumes, while having a lower pH than Subotica and similar silicate concentrations. The water composition of both locations gives reason to suggest that natural organic matter has a limiting effect on subsurface arsenic removal as well. The presented results have shown the complexity of factors influencing subsurface arsenic removal, making it very challenging to select appropriate sites.</p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document