PARASITES FROM NORTHERN CANADA: II. HAEMATOZOA OF FISHES

1961 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall Laird
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Esox Lucius ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Coregonus Clupeaformis ◽  
Type Host ◽  
Large Size ◽  
First Time

Parasites were present in thin blood films from only 6 of 188 fishes of 11 species, collected in the Northwest Territories and northern Quebec. The haemoflagellate, Cryptobia gurneyorum (Minchin), is recorded from North America for the first time—from the type host, Esox lucius L., and from two new ones, Coregonus clupeaformis (Mitchill) and Salvelinus namaycush (Walbaum). Haemogregarina irkalukpiki n.sp., characterized by its large size (av., 17.2 by 3.2 μ) and nucleophilic habit, is described from two sea-run arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus (L.).

Identification and morphology of the aecial state of Pucciniastrum sparsum in northwestern Canada

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-435
Author(s):  
Y. Hiratsuka
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Picea Glauca ◽  
Yukon Territory ◽  
New Hosts ◽  
First Time

From inoculation experiments and morphological examinations, the aecial state of Pucciniastrum sparsum (Wint.) E. Fisch. (= Thekopsora sparsa (Wint.) Magn.) has been identified for the first time in North America from specimens collected in the Northwest Territories and the Yukon Territory. Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, P. mariana (Mill.) BSP., and P. pungens Engelm. (from inoculation only) are reported as new hosts of this fungus. An expanded description of the spermogonia and aecia of the fungus is given.

Metazoan parasites of arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus L.) in a high arctic, landlocked lake in Canada

1978 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Beverley-Burton
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Fresh Water ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Metazoan Parasites ◽  
Cornwallis Island

Seven species of parasitic metazoans were found in 71 arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus L.) taken in Char Lake, Cornwallis Island, N.W.T., Canada (74°42′ N, 94°50′ W): Tetraonchus alaskensis (Monogenea); Diphyllobothrium sp. (plerocercoids), Eubothrium salvelini, Eubothrium sp., and Proteocephalus longicollis (Cestoidea); Cystidicola cristivomeri (Nematoda) and Salmincola edwardsii (Crustacea: Copepoda). Except for S. edwardsii these reports, from a population of S. alpinus which is confined to fresh water, constitute new northerly distribution records for North America. Reports of P. longicollis and C. cristivomeri from S. alpinus in Canada have not been published previously.

On Gyrodactylus katharineri Malmberg, 1964, G. lotae Gussev, 1953, and G. lucii Kulakovskaya, 1952 from host fishes in North America

1986 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 637-639 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. K. Cone ◽  
A. O. Dechtiar
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Cyprinus Carpio ◽  
North American ◽  
Endemic Species ◽  
Esox Lucius ◽  
Lota Lota ◽  
New Material ◽  
Host Fishes ◽  
First Time

Gyrodactylus katharineri Malmberg, 1964, G. lotae Gussev, 1953, and G. lucii Kulakovskaya, 1952 are reported for the first time from North American host fishes (Cyprinus carpio, Lota lota, and Esox lucius, respectively). The new material is described. Gyrodactylus katharineri is an introduced species that apparently arrived along with host shipments brought to North America from Europe during the last century. Gyrodactylus mizellei Kritsky and Leiby, 1971 may be a synonym of G. katharineri. Gyrodactylus lotae and G. lucii are endemic species with natural ranges that extend throughout freshwaters of Eurasia and North America.

Parelaphostrongylus andersoni (Nematoda: Protostrongylidae) in caribou (Rangifer tarandus) of northern and central Canada

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (8) ◽  
pp. 1966-1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Murray W. Lankester ◽  
P. Lynn Hauta
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Geographic Range ◽  
Neurologic Disease ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus Caribou ◽  
Central Canada ◽  
Size And Morphology ◽  
First Time ◽  
Improved Methods

Woodland (Rangifer tarandus caribou) and barren ground (R. t. groenlandicum) caribou are reported for the first time as hosts of Parelaphostrongylus andersoni, greatly extending the known geographic range of this muscle nematode. Up to 56% of caribou in the Beverly herd, central Northwest Territories, passed dorsal-spined first-stage larvae in their feces. Animals less than 3 years old were more frequently infected and passed greater numbers of larvae than older animals. Larval output in winter and spring did not differ. Adults of the four elaphostrongyline nematodes known to occur in caribou are distinguished by their location in the host, the size of the worms, and the size and morphology of the male copulatory structures. There is an urgent need for tested and improved methods of differentiating larvae of P. andersoni and other elaphostrongyline nematodes from those of P. tenuis that cause neurologic disease in various North American cervids. Demonstration of the occurrence of P. andersoni in Rangifer sp. in North America raises the possibility that it originated in Eurasian cervids and may still occur in the Old World.

Q-band chromosomal polymorphisms in arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)

Genome ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay A. Pleyte ◽  
Ruth B. Phillips ◽  
Sheila E. Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
North American ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Chromosome Markers ◽  
Specific Variation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Chromosomal Polymorphisms ◽  
Chromosomal Bands

Stock-specific variation in the number and location of quinacrine-staining chromosomal bands was found in North American and European stocks of arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus). The mean number of bands per genome varied from 5.8 ± 5.3 in the Northwest Territories stock to 15.4 ± 2.1 in the Scottish stock. These bands appear to represent a subset of heterochromatin since they stain darkly with the C-band technique. Since the four stocks examined were each distinguishable on the basis of their Q-band patterns, these chromosome markers should be useful in genetic comparisons between different arctic char stocks and populations.Key words: Q banding, chromosomes, polymorphisms, arctic char, Salvelinus alpinus.

An Isolated Population of Arctic Char (Salvelinus alpinus) Inhabiting a Warm Mineral Spring Above a Waterfall at Cache Creek, Northwest Territories

1974 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 1408-1414 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. McCart ◽  
H. Bain
Keyword(s):  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Isolated Population ◽  
Mineral Spring ◽  
Pyloric Caeca ◽  
Low Arctic ◽  
Oxygen Concentrations

Cache Creek Spring provides an unusual overwintering habitat for a population of Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus) isolated above a falls impassable to fish moving upstream. During winter, water temperatures (14–16 C) and dissolved solid concentrations (approximately 2600 ppm) are high and oxygen concentrations (0.2–6.8 ppm) are low. Arctic char in the springs differ meristically from those downstream of the falls. The former have significantly more gillrakers (mean 21.7 compared with 21.1) and parr marks (15.1 and 13.5) but fewer pyloric caeca (26.0 and 28.2) and vertebrae (64.7 and 67.1) than the latter. Growth appears similar to that of char inhabiting more typical spring habitats.

Giant Upper Triassic bivalves of Wrangellia, Vancouver Island, Canada

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
George D. Stanley ◽  
Thomas E. Yancey ◽  
Hannah M.E. Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Vancouver Island ◽  
Upper Triassic ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Wallowa Terrane ◽  
Volcanic Islands ◽  
First Time

One of the most distinctive components of the Late Triassic warm-water biota are alatoform, reclining bivalves of the genus Wallowaconcha. Wallowaconcha raylenea was first described from shallow-water, fine-grained Upper Triassic carbonate rocks of the Wallowa terrane, northeastern Oregon, and later found in coeval limestone in the Yukon. Fossils of the family Wallowaconchidae are easily recognized and readily distinguished from other fossil groups by their large size (over a metre in length), alatoform morphology, and especially the chambered wing-like extensions likely associated with photosymbiosis. Several different taxa of Norian age inhabited lagoon and reef-related settings on four separate terranes of western North America (Antimonio terrane, Sonora, Mexico; Wallowa terrane, northeastern Oregon; Stikine terrane in the Yukon; Chulitna terrane of Alaska), which during Triassic time existed as volcanic islands in the eastern Panthalassa Ocean. Outside eastern Panthalassa in the eastern Tethys, two other species of Wallowaconcha come from distant localities in Asia and Arabia. We here report for the first time, in presumed Rhaetian limestone of the upper part of the Parson Bay Formation, Vancouver Island, newly discovered examples of Wallowaconcha. They are from Wrangellia and, based on size and shape of the chambers, are assignable to W. raylenea but unlike other examples they appear to be Rhaetian in age. This species of giant bivalve inhabited warm-water locales outboard of North America during the Late Triassic, and its presence provides possible paleobiogeographic links of Wrangellia with both Stikinia and the Wallowa terrane.

Anadromy in Arctic populations of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush): otolith microchemistry, stable isotopes, and comparisons with Arctic char (Salvelinus alpinus)

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (5) ◽  
pp. 842-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heidi K. Swanson ◽  
Karen A. Kidd ◽  
John A. Babaluk ◽  
Rick J. Wastle ◽  
Panseok P. Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Trout ◽  
Salvelinus Alpinus ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Otolith Microchemistry ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Arctic Char ◽  
Arctic Lakes ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
The Family

In the family Salmonidae, lake trout ( Salvelinus namaycush ) are considered the least tolerant of salt water. There are, however, sporadic reports of lake trout in coastal, brackish habitats in the Canadian Arctic. Otolith microchemistry analyses conducted on lake trout and Arctic char ( Salvelinus alpinus ) from four Arctic lakes in the West Kitikmeot region of Nunavut, Canada, revealed that 37 of 135 (27%) lake trout made annual marine migrations. Anadromous lake trout were in significantly better condition (K = 1.17) and had significantly higher C:N ratios (3.71) than resident lake trout (K = 1.05 and C:N = 3.34). Anadromous lake trout also had significantly higher δ15N (mean = 16.4‰), δ13C (mean = –22.3‰), and δ34S (mean = 13.43‰) isotope ratios than resident lake trout (means = 12.84‰, –26.21‰, and 1.93‰ for δ15N, δ13C, and δ34S, respectively); results were similar for Arctic char and agree with results from previous studies. Mean age of first migration for lake trout was 13 years, which was significantly older than that for Arctic char (5 years). This could be a reflection of size-dependent salinity tolerance in lake trout, but further research is required. These are the first detailed scientific data documenting anadromy in lake trout.

Cystidicola farionis (Nematoda) as an Indicator of Lake Trout (Salvelinus namaycush) of Bering Ancestry

1983 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 2034-2040 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff A. Black
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
North America ◽  
Northwest Territories ◽  
Lake Trout ◽  
Appalachian Mountains ◽  
River System ◽  
Salvelinus Namaycush ◽  
Glacial Retreat ◽  
Yukon River ◽  
Cystidicola Farionis

Cystidicola farionis Fischer is widely distributed in fishes in northern North America west of the Appalachian Mountains. The swimbladders of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from 225 localities across North America were examined for the parasite but only those from the Alsek, Coppermine, Flat, Peel, Stikine, Upper Liard, and Yukon River systems were infected with mature nematodes. The ancestors of fishes in these watersheds survived glaciation in a Bering refugiurn. Thus, this strain of C. farionis probably had a refugium in Beringia in the unglaciated parts of the Yukon River system and dispersed from there into northern British Columbia and the coastal mainland of the Northwest Territories during glacial retreat.

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