INTERACTION BETWEEN TWO SPECIES OF CRICKETS REARED TOGETHER

1964 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Percentage Survival ◽  
Gryllodes Sigillatus

When larvae of Acheta domesticus (L.) and Gryllodes sigillatus (Walk.) are reared together from hatching onwards, the growth of G. sigillatus is delayed, and the percentage survival of both species is reduced. These results are discussed from the point of view of the physiological mechanisms involved.

scholarly journals Active and Covert Infections of Cricket Iridovirus and Acheta domesticus Densovirus in Reared Gryllodes sigillatus Crickets

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin R. Duffield ◽  
John Hunt ◽  
Ben M. Sadd ◽  
Scott K. Sakaluk ◽  
Brenda Oppert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
The Past ◽  
Foundational Research ◽  
Gryllodes Sigillatus ◽  
Entomopathogenic Viruses ◽  
Real Time Qpcr

Interest in developing food, feed, and other useful products from farmed insects has gained remarkable momentum in the past decade. Crickets are an especially popular group of farmed insects due to their nutritional quality, ease of rearing, and utility. However, production of crickets as an emerging commodity has been severely impacted by entomopathogenic infections, about which we know little. Here, we identified and characterized an unknown entomopathogen causing mass mortality in a lab-reared population of Gryllodes sigillatus crickets, a species used as an alternative to the popular Acheta domesticus due to its claimed tolerance to prevalent entomopathogenic viruses. Microdissection of sick and healthy crickets coupled with metagenomics-based identification and real-time qPCR viral quantification indicated high levels of cricket iridovirus (CrIV) in a symptomatic population, and evidence of covert CrIV infections in a healthy population. Our study also identified covert infections of Acheta domesticus densovirus (AdDNV) in both populations of G. sigillatus. These results add to the foundational research needed to better understand the pathology of mass-reared insects and ultimately develop the prevention, mitigation, and intervention strategies needed for economical production of insects as a commodity.

WATER ABSORPTION BY THE EGGS OF CRICKETS

1959 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 391-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. McFarlane ◽  
A. S. K. Ghouri ◽  
C. P. Kennard
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Early Embryonic Development ◽  
Embryonic Stage ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Rapid Loss ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Maximal Absorption ◽  
Gryllodes Sigillatus

Absorption of water by the eggs of Acheta configuratus, Gryllodes sigillatus, and a Canadian and a Pakistani strain of Acheta domesticus takes place during early embryonic development. The amount of water absorbed varies from about 60 to 120% of the weight of newly laid eggs, depending on the species or strain. The time of absorption is generally earlier the more rapid is embryonic development, indicating that the embryonic stage during which water is absorbed is similar in all forms. Absorption is more rapid at 33 than at 28 °C. In all forms, a small but rapid loss in water occurs just after maximal absorption; this loss takes place also when the eggs are immersed in distilled water. The incubation periods of the four forms at various temperatures (28–38 °C) are presented.

scholarly journals Introduction of innovative technologies in physical education of student youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
V. Ryabchenko ◽  
I. Donets ◽  
I. Tkachenko ◽  
V. Skoropud
Keyword(s):  
Physical Education ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Innovative Technologies ◽  
The Subject

The great reserves for further increasing effectiveness of physical education of a learning youth are at secrets of age pecularities of controlling movements as well as at regularities of age changing physiological mechanisms which condition at certain measure stating moving functions of a human at an ontogenesys. The subject of these investigations are age pecularities of building and controlling movements as well as an application of these pecularities at sport and oriented physical education of a youth. Learning this question is possible from the point of view of various sciences: physiology, psychology, biomechanics, cybernetics, pedagogy. It is considered that at present the largest effect we can obtain when there is simultaneous support on all abovenamed branches of science. But when there is such various approach to this question it is important that the attention would be paid to certain object of investigation. This is the structure of psychophysical preparing of a human (PPP) which is considered at the theory of physical education as the whole structure of psychological and physical qualities; this structure determines a successfulness of moving activities ar various conditions. This article considers some results of our investigations; these results characterize pecularities of various appearences of PPP concerned to a youth of various age groups. These data we can divide into three parts: the data about cabability to mastering new moving actions; the data which characterize age pecularities of certain appearences; the data about co – called moving adaptation and a structure PPP of a learning youth.

Analysis of Vocal Disorders With Methods From Nonlinear Dynamics

1994 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 1008-1019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanspeter Herzel ◽  
David Berry ◽  
Ingo R. Titze ◽  
Marwa Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Nonlinear Dynamics ◽  
Vocal Fold ◽  
Intimate Relationship ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Nonlinear Phenomena ◽  
Voice Analysis ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Vocal Fold Vibration ◽  
Basic Concepts

Several authors have recently demonstrated the intimate relationship between nonlinear dynamics and observations in vocal fold vibration (Herzel, 1993; Mende, Herzel, & Wermke, 1990; Titze, Baken, & Herzel, 1993). The aim of this paper is to analyze vocal disorders from a nonlinear dynamics point of view. Basic concepts and analysis techniques from nonlinear dynamics are reviewed and related to voice. The voices of several patients with vocal disorders are analyzed using traditional voice analysis techniques and methods from nonlinear dynamics. The two methods are shown to complement each other in many ways. Likely physiological mechanisms of the observed nonlinear phenomena are presented, and it is shown how much of the terminology in the literature describing rough voice can be unified within the framework of nonlinear dynamics.

scholarly journals Exercise Prescription to Foster Health and Well-Being: A Behavioral Approach to Transform Barriers into Opportunities

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 968
Author(s):  
Daniela Lucini ◽  
Massimo Pagani
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Behavioral Approach ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Technical Competencies ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Health And Well Being

The current literature contains multiple examples of exercise interventions to foster health and to prevent/treat many chronic non-communicable diseases; stress and functional syndromes. On the other hand, sedentariness is increasing and to transform a sedentary subject into a regular exerciser is not only very difficult but considered by some unrealistic in current clinical practice. Ideally a physical activity intervention may be considered actually efficacious when it outgrows the research setting and becomes embedded in a system, ensuring maintenance and sustainability of its health benefits. Physicians need specific skills to improve patients’ exercise habits. These range from traditional clinical competencies, to technical competencies to correctly prescribe exercise, to competencies in behavioral medicine to motivate the subject. From a behavioral and medical point of view, an exercise prescription may be considered correct only if the subject actually performs the prescribed exercise and this results in an improvement of physiological mechanisms such as endocrine, immunological and autonomic controls. Here we describe a model of intervention intended to nurture exercise prescription in everyday clinical setting. It aims to a tailored prescription, starts from the subject’s assessment, continues defining clinical goals/possible limitations and ends when the subject is performing exercise obtaining results.

Impact of defatting freeze-dried edible crickets (Acheta domesticus and Gryllodes sigillatus) on the nutritive value, overall liking and sensory profile of cereal bars

LWT ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 113 ◽  
pp. 108335 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Carlos Ribeiro ◽  
Rui Costa Lima ◽  
Margarida R.G. Maia ◽  
Agostinho A. Almeida ◽  
António J.M. Fonseca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Sensory Profile ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Gryllodes Sigillatus ◽  
Cereal Bars

scholarly journals The effect of freezing temperature on physiological traits in sunflower  

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 375-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hniličková Helena ◽  
Hejnák Václav ◽  
Němcová Lenka ◽  
Martinková Jaroslava ◽  
Skalický Milan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recombinant Inbred Lines ◽  
Freezing Temperature ◽  
Frost Damage ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Reaction Centre ◽  
Wild Genotype ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Freezing Temperatures ◽  
Quantum Efficiency Of Psii

This study was conducted to identify the physiological mechanisms associated with the resistance and tolerance of young sunflower plants to freezing temperatures. The effect of overnight temperature –3°C on the maximal quantum efficiency of PSII (F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub>), the relative electrolyte leakage (REL) and the osmotic potential (Ψ<sub>π</sub>) was determined in five genotypes of sunflower: C33, C98, C124 and C148 were chosen from the population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) based on contrasted responses to low temperature, and a wild genotype 2603 that was chosen for its ability to maintain activities in cold conditions. The night temperature –3°C over the course of 10 h caused an immediate significant decrease of F<sub>v</sub>/F<sub>m</sub> in C33, C98, C124 and C148. In the case of genotype C98, the effect of this freezing temperature was manifested by a significant increase of REL. Significant changes of Ψ<sub>π</sub>, as a reaction to the effect of freezing temperatures, were not found in any of the monitored genotypes. The measurements of the physiological traits after 5 days of regeneration indicated the renewal of integrity of cellular structures and an increase of PSII reaction centre efficiency in all monitored genotypes. From the point of view of tolerance or sensitivity, the wild genotype 2603 showed itself as tolerant towards the tested freezing temperature, displaying insignificant differences with control plants in all monitored traits. Genotype C98 appears to be the most sensitive from the monitored set, with evident changes in two traits signalling frost damage.

Female mating frequency increases with temperature in two cricket species, Gryllodes sigillatus and Acheta domesticus (Orthoptera: Gryllidae)

2006 ◽  
Vol 84 (9) ◽  
pp. 1345-1350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tashika K. Kindle ◽  
Kristen M. Johnson ◽  
Tracie M. Ivy ◽  
Carie B. Weddle ◽  
Scott K. Sakaluk
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Video Recording ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Acheta Domesticus ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Mating Frequency ◽  
Male Mating ◽  
Female Mating ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Gryllodes Sigillatus

Although the effect of temperature on calling song of male crickets has been widely studied, its influence on female mating behaviour remains largely unexplored. We examined the effect of varying temperature on female mating frequency in two cricket species ( Gryllodes sigillatus (F. Walker, 1869) (= Gryllodes supplicans (F. Walker, 1859)) and Acheta domesticus L., 1758) by providing females with multiple mating partners and recording the number of matings over 72 h intervals using time-lapse video recording. Female mating frequency increased with temperature in both species, but increased more steeply in A. domesticus than in G. sigillatus. Temperature accounted for approximately 50% of the variation in female mating frequency. These results suggest that the threshold for mating in females is temperature dependent, such that at lower temperatures only certain males are able to elicit the female mounting response required for successful mating. If temperature affects female selectivity, then male mating success in different seasons may vary, with a wider range of males gaining the opportunity to copulate at warmer times of the year. Consequently, the intensity of sexual selection may vary seasonally.

Beryllium-associated diseases from a chemist’s point of view

2020 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-412 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magnus R. Buchner
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Molecular Model ◽  
Model System ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Radioactive Element ◽  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Associated Diseases

AbstractBeryllium has long been considered the most toxic non-radioactive element to humans. However, it is shown that the acute toxicity of beryllium ions does not exceed that of other toxic cations like Cd2+, Ba2+, Hg2+ or As3+. The physiological mechanisms liable for the development of beryllium-associated diseases are discussed. Additionally an overview over proposed low-molecular model system for the beryllium species responsible for beryllioses is presented.

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