Feeding response of the dendrochirote sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) to changing food concentrations in the laboratory

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1842-1849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabindra Singh ◽  
Bruce A MacDonald ◽  
Peter Lawton ◽  
Martin LH Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Stomach Content ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Feeding Response ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Food Concentrations ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
Cucumaria Frondosa ◽  
Water Filters

Sea cucumbers (Cucumaria frondosa) (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) held in flow-through tanks were exposed to different chloropigment concentrations by manipulating the seston concentration via the use of water filters in the inflow lines and the addition of cultured algae or natural plankton to tanks. The percentage of sea cucumbers open and feeding increased asymptotically as the seston chloropigment concentration increased. Below 50 µg·L-1 the percentage of sea cucumbers with tentacles extended and feeding decreased. The rate at which sea cucumbers inserted their tentacles into their mouths (0.96 ± 0.34 insertion/min (mean ± SD)) increased with increasing seston quality. Cucumaria frondosa fed at faster rates at the higher concentrations. There was a significant positive relationship between the stomach content (amount of chloropigment) of sea cucumbers and the seston chloropigment concentration to which they were exposed (r2 = 0.200, p < 0.001).

Article

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Sergey A Avilov ◽  
Olga A Drozdova ◽  
Vladimir I Kalinin ◽  
Anatoly I Kalinovsky ◽  
Valentin A Stonik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antitumor Activity ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Triterpene Glycoside ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Cucumaria Frondosa

Frondoside C (1) is a new sulfated nonholostane triterpene glycoside obtained (with the glycosides closed by aglycone structure as impurities) from the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa. Its structure has been elucidated on the basis of spectral data (NMR and MS) of compound 1 and of its desulfated derivative (2) obtained by solvolysis. Frondoside C (1) is just the seventh glycoside reported from sea cucumbers, having a lanostane-type aglycone devoid of the typical 18(20)- lactone ring.Key words: Cucumaria frondosa, sea cucumbers, frondosides, triterepene glycosides, antitumor activity.

Glycosides from the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa. IV. Structure of frondosides A2-4, A2-7, and A2-8, three new minor monosulfated triterpene glycosides

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (12) ◽  
pp. 2120-2126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra S Silchenko ◽  
Sergey A Avilov ◽  
Alexandr S Antonov ◽  
Anatoly I Kalinovsky ◽  
Pavel S Dmitrenok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Spectral Data ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Triterpene Glycosides ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Cucumaria Frondosa

Frondosides A2-4 (1), A2-7 (2), and A2-8 (3) are new monosulfated triterpene glycosides isolated from the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa. Their structures have been elucidated on the basis of spectral data (2D NMR and MS). Frondosides A2-7 (2) and A2-8 (3) are isomers and differ from each other only by the position of a double bond in their non-holostane-type aglycones.Key words: Cucumaria frondosa, sea cucumbers, frondosides, triterpene glycosides.

Glycosides from the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa. III. Structure of frondosides A2-1, A2-2, A2-3, and A2-6, four new minor monosulfated triterpene glycosides

2005 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra S Silchenko ◽  
Sergey A Avilov ◽  
Alexandr S Antonov ◽  
Anatoly I Kalinovsky ◽  
Pavel S Dmitrenok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Data ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Triterpene Glycosides ◽  
Side Chain ◽  
Unsaturated Ketone ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Cucumaria Frondosa

Frondosides A2-1 (1), A2-2 (2), A2-3 (3), and A2-6 (4) are new monosulfated holostane pentaosides isolated from the sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa. Their structures have been elucidated on the basis of spectral data (2D NMR and MS). Frondoside A2-2 (2) contains an α,β-unsaturated ketone fragment in the side chain of the aglycon, unique for triterpene glycosides of sea cucumbers.Key words: Cucumaria frondosa, sea cucumbers, frondosides, triterpene glycosides.

scholarly journals Albinism in Orange-footed Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa) in Newfoundland

2019 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emaline M. Montgomery ◽  
Tiffany Small ◽  
Jean-Francois Hamel ◽  
Annie Mercier
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Northeastern United States ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Broad Distribution ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
Cucumaria Frondosa

Orange-footed Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria frondosa; Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) is a dark-brown species that is broadly distributed in North Atlantic and Arctic waters. Here, we document the rare occurrence of colour morphs showing various degrees of albinism, from totally white to faint orange pigmentation. These unusually coloured individuals were found across a broad distribution range in eastern Canada and northeastern United States, with their occurrence in Newfoundland samples ranging from 0.2% to 0.5%. Two fully albino individuals were noticeably smaller than other colour morphs. The occurrence of rare, unusually coloured sea cucumbers is important from an ecological standpoint and may also have commercial implications.

Glycosides from the North Atlantic sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa V - Structures of five new minor trisulfated triterpene oligoglycosides, frondosides A7-1, A7-2, A7-3, A7-4, and isofrondoside C

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (9) ◽  
pp. 626-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra S Silchenko ◽  
Sergey A Avilov ◽  
Anatoly I Kalinovsky ◽  
Pavel S Dmitrenok ◽  
Vladimir I Kalinin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Lactone Ring ◽  
Triterpene Glycosides ◽  
Biosynthetic Pathways ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
The North ◽  
The North Atlantic ◽  
Cucumaria Frondosa ◽  
Oxygen Functionality

Seven highly polar trisulfated triterpene glycosides belonging to the frondoside A7 group have been isolated from the North Atlantic sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa. The structures of five new glycosides, frondosides A7-1 (1), A7-2 (2), A7-3 (3), A7-4 (4), and isofrondoside C (5) were elucidated, three of which contained lanostane aglycons without a lactone-ring. Three pairs of the glycosides proved to be isomers by virture of the positions of double bonds in the aglycons nuclei; two pairs of the glycosides differed from each other by the character of the oxygen functionality at C-22. The results from these studies provided the basis for postulating the biosynthetic pathways of norlanostane glycosides in the sea cucumber.Key words: Cucumaria frondosa, sea cucumbers, frondosides, triterpene glycosides.

scholarly journals Growth and reproduction performance of sea cucumber (Stichopus sp.) fed with different feed regime

2021 ◽  
Vol 322 ◽  
pp. 02009
Author(s):  
Ketut Maha Setiawati ◽  
Zeny Widiastuti ◽  
Sari Budi Moria Sembiring ◽  
N.A. Giri
Keyword(s):  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Gonad Weight ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Reproduction Performance ◽  
Feeding Regimes ◽  
Flow Through ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Growth And Reproduction

Growth and reproduction performance of sea cucumber (Stichopus sp.) fed with different feeding regimes. This study aims to know the effects of different feeding regimes on sea cucumbers' growth and gonad development. Sea cucumbers used in this experiment were collected from the natural habitat in Northern Bali waters. Five individuals of sea cucumber (BW 334 ± 58 g; TL 22,5± 3,5 cm) were placed in each of four concrete tanks size 0,85 x 2 x 0,5 m3 with flow-through water systems. There were two feeding treatments in this study: A) fresh benthos and B) a combination of fresh benthos and seaweed (Ulva and Sargassum). Feed was given as much as 2.5 to 5 %, once in the afternoon. Observed variables were the growth and gonad stage and the weight at the end of the experiment. The study showed that the different feeding regimes significantly influenced the sea cucumber growth and gonad weight, but not the gonad stage. Sea cucumber fed with a combination of benthos and seaweed performed better growth and higher gonad weight. The difference in the feed did not affect gonad development.

scholarly journals Morphometrics and processing yield of Cucumaria frondosa (Holothuroidea) from the St. Lawrence Estuary, Canada

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0245238
Author(s):  
Catherine M. Couillard ◽  
Domynick Maltais ◽  
Rénald Belley
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Sea Cucumber ◽  
Reproductive Status ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sea Cucumbers ◽  
Recovery Rates ◽  
Lawrence Estuary ◽  
St Lawrence Estuary ◽  
Cucumaria Frondosa

Sea cucumber Cucumaria frondosa have highly variable whole body mass and length, and are usually sold to Asian markets as dried gutted body wall. Understanding the relation between size and yield of dry product is essential for resource conservation and for economic purposes. In this study, stock-specific mass and length recovery rates were estimated for C. frondosa captured by dredging or diving at various depths and seasons on the South shore of the St. Lawrence Estuary, along Gaspé Peninsula, and processed in a commercial plant. The processing yield in dry product mass per sea cucumber was more than 1.5 times larger for sea cucumbers collected at 26–47 m depth compared to those collected at 9–16 m depth. Within each strata, there was little variation in the processed body mass, seasonally or spatially. Recovery rates based on gutted mass for this stock (13.4─14.5%) varied little among depths and seasons, despite observed seasonal and bathymetric variation in reproductive status. In contrast, recovery rates based on whole body mass and length were highly variable both seasonally and spatially. Stress related to dredging or post-capture handling induced important variable body contraction and water content, leading to variation in body length, mass and shape of sea cucumbers having the same processed body mass. Gutted mass was the best metric to predict processed body mass and to estimate size whereas whole body length was the least reliable. New stock-specific information on variability of body mass, length, and recovery rates induced by capture, and on seasonal and bathymetric variation in reproductive status and processing yields will be used for the design of future stock assessment surveys, and for stock conservation.

Relationship of Love, Affect and Wellbeing

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Thiyam Kiran Singh ◽  
Aastha Dhingra
Keyword(s):  
Positive Affect ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Young Females ◽  
Close Friendship ◽  
Major Facilitator ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Love is more than a close friendship. It acts as a major facilitator of interpersonal relationship. Love is positive in nature and leaves a positive affect on every individual. An individual in love not only feels positive but spreads positivity around. They smile, be kind to other people, behave compassionately with everyone. If the person is happy then he is likely to be psychologically and emotionally healthy. The current study aimed at understanding the relationship between love, affect and wellbeing among young females aged between 20-25 years. The study reported a significant positive relationship between love and positive affect with the significant correlation of 0.29 at 0.05 levels (p<0.05). It was also found a significant positive relationship between love and wellbeing with the significant correlation of 0.58 at 0.01 level (p<0.01). This means that people in love experience positive emotions and healthy wellbeing. The correlation between love and negative affect came out to be insignificant. The correlation turned out to be -0.13. This means that people in love do not experience negative emotions.

Organization-Based Self-Esteem Affects Employees' Exchange Relationship Perceptions and Extrarole Behavior

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 509-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanhan Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Social Exchange ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Moderating Effect ◽  
Exchange Relationship ◽  
Significant Positive Relationship ◽  
Significant Negative Relationship ◽  
Practical Implications

The 2 types of exchange relationship perceptions—social exchange relationship perceptions (SERPs) and economic exchange relationship perceptions (EERPs)—constitute the primary concept for understanding individual behavior in the workplace. Using a sample of 581 employees from Mainland China, I explored the effects of SERPs and EERPs on employee extrarole behavior (ERB), as well as the moderating effect of organization-based self-esteem (OBSE) on the relationships between SERPs and ERB, and between EERPs and ERB. The results revealed a significant positive relationship between SERPs and ERB, a significant negative relationship between EERPs and ERB, and a significant moderating effect for OBSE. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.

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