The Effect of Oculo-Acupuncture on Acute Hepatic Injury Induced by Carbon Tetrachloride in Dogs

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (01) ◽  
pp. 53-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianzhu Liu ◽  
Sung-Nam Cho ◽  
Kun-Ho Song ◽  
Duck-Hwan Kim ◽  
Myung-Cheol Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Acute Hepatic Injury ◽  
Serum Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Experimental Group

We investigated the therapeutic effect of oculo-acupuncture on dogs induced with acute hepatic injury. Hepatic injury was induced by intraperitoneal injection with carbon tetrachloride ( CCl 4) in 8 mongrel dogs (4 females and 4 males, aged 2 to 4 years). The dogs were divided into the control group (4 dogs) and the experimental group (4 dogs). The experimental group was treated with oculo-acupuncture at the liver/gallbladder regions plus the zhong jiao region of the eye after the induction of hepatic injury. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activities were measured in both control and experimental groups. The serum AST, ALT, and GGT activities in the experimental group were decreased as compared to those in the control group. The significant differences were detected on the third day (AST, p < 0.05), second day (ALT, p < 0.05) and third day (GGT, p < 0.05) in the experimental group, respectively. Oculo-acupuncture alleviated acute liver damage induced by carbon tetrachloride in dogs was also confirmed by histopathological examination. We concluded that oculo-acupuncture at the liver/gallbladder regions plus the zhong jiao region was effective in the recovery of dogs from hepatic injury in a CCl 4-induced model.

The Effectiveness of Auriculoacupoint Treatment for Artificially Induced Acute Hepatic Injury in Dogs

2004 ◽  
Vol 32 (03) ◽  
pp. 445-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang-Eun Lee ◽  
Kun-Ho Song ◽  
Jianzhu Liu ◽  
Hyun-Ju Kwon ◽  
Sang-Bo Youn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Enzyme ◽  
Histopathological Findings ◽  
Acute Hepatic Injury ◽  
Necrotic Region ◽  
Liver Region ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Group Serum

This study was to investigate effects of auriculoacupoint (AAP) treatment on carbon tetrachloride ( CCl 4)-induced acute hepatic injury in ten dogs (four females and six males). Dogs have been divided into two groups: the control group (four dogs), not stimulated after induction of hepatic injury and the experimental group (six dogs), stimulated with AAP and massaged at the affected liver region of internal ear after induction of hepatic injury. Serum enzyme activities and histopathological findings were examined after the application of AAP. Compared to the control group, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities in the experimental group were significantly decreased at the 4th day ( p <0.05) and at the 5th day ( p <0.05), respectively. Histopathological findings of the experimental group showed decrease of necrotic region and size of lipid droplets compared to the control group. In conclusion, AAP treatment had a therapeutic effect on the recovery of liver injury induced by CCl 4 in dogs.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective effect of galangin on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity via the LKB1/AMPK pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 205873922110008
Author(s):  
Meng Chen ◽  
Xinyan Song ◽  
Jifang Jiang ◽  
Lei Xing ◽  
Pengfei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Model ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Expression Levels

To investigate the protective effects of galangin on liver toxicity induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice. Mouse hepatotoxicity model was established by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of 10 ml/kg body weight CCl4 that diluted with corn oil to a proportion of 1:500 on Kunming mice. The mice were randomly divided into five groups named control group, model group, and 1, 5, and 10 mg/kg galangin group. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were analyzed by ELISA. Liver histopathological examination was observed via optical microscopy. The levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and glutathion (GSSG) were analyzed to assess oxidative stress. Finally, western blot assay was carried out to analyse the expression levels of total AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), phospho-AMPK (p-AMPK), total liver kinase B1 (LKB1), and phospho-LKB1 (p-LKB1). Compared with the control group, in the model group, the levels of AST, ALT, MDA, and GSSG increased significantly ( p < 0.01); the activity of SOD and GSH decreased significantly ( p < 0.01); and the histopathological examination revealed liver necrosis. However, treatment with galangin (5 and 10 mg/kg) significantly reversed these CCl4-induced liver damage indicators. Furthermore, treatment with galangin (10 mg/kg) significantly increased the p-AMPK and p-LKB1 expression levels ( p < 0.01). This study supports the hepatoprotective effect of galangin against hepatotoxicity, perhaps occurring mainly through the LKB1/AMPK-mediated pathway.

scholarly journals C6orf120 gene deficiency may be vulnerable to carbon tetrachloride induced acute hepatic injury in rats

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Man-ka Zhang ◽  
Hui-min Ma ◽  
Xin-cheng Song ◽  
Yuan-ni Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Gene Deficiency ◽  
Acute Hepatic Injury

Clove (Syzygium aromaticum) Effect on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Rat: Comparison of Malondialdehyde Level of Liver and Blood Plasma

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 6053-6057
Author(s):  
Muhammad K Azwar ◽  
Ani R Prijanti
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Blood Plasma ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Oxidative Stress Marker ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Syzygium Aromaticum ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Studies suggested antioxidant properties of the content of Syzygium aromaticum (clove). The study was conducted to obtain better understanding about the effect of clove on concentration of oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver and blood plasma of rat initially induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4); and whether blood plasma MDA level might represent liver condition. Experimental research was done using 20 Wistar rats classified into 5 treatment groups: (1) CCl4 - and clove-positive treatment after 3 days of clove treatment, (2) one day after, (3) alpha-tocopherol as positive control, (4) CCl4 only as negative control, and (5) normal control. Wills method was used for MDA concentration measurement. Liver MDA concentration were 0.0262 ± 0.0010 for group 1, 0.0214 ± 0.0047 group 2, 0 for group 3, 0.0077 ± 0.0094 group 4, and 0.0039 ± 0.0009 control group in nmol/mg protein (p = 0.001), whereas in the blood plasma it was 29.6032 ± 6.8021 for group 1, 26.1103 ± 3.6920 for group 2, 1.1612 ± 0.3555 for group 3, 1.4585 ± 1.4747 for group 4, and 2.4217 ± 1.2382 control group in nmol/mL (p = 0.001). Contrary to study in the past, no antioxidant properties were observed in treatment with dose 200 mg clove/kg body weight of rat. Such treatment increased MDA concentration and enhanced CCl4-induced damage in a time-dependent fashion. Strong correlation between MDA concentration in the liver and blood plasma (R = 0.97; p = 0.003) suggested blood plasma utilisation to represent hepatic MDA concentration or damage.

A Discrimination Based on Punishment

1952 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
James A. Dinsmoor
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Session ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
White Rats ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Avoidance Reactions ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Rate Of Response

Twelve white rats learned to press a bar or lever when this act was intermittently followed by pellets of food. Once a stable rate of pressing had been established, the animals were subjected to electric shock as a punishment for each response during alternate five minute periods within the experimental session. A difference in rates during the safe and punished phases was manifested both by the experimental group (8 rats), who were provided with a light as a signal when it was safe to respond, and also, contrary to expectation, by the control group (4 rats), who continued in darkness throughout the session. The differential responding by the control group was greatly reduced, however, when the duration of each phase was reduced from five minutes to one. The investigation was then continued to determine the role of some of the other factors in the situation. Increasing the severity of the shock increased the difference between the light and the dark rates. Withholding the pellets of food reduced the overall rates but did not affect the light-dark discrimination. Withholding the shock, on the other hand, permitted an increase in rate and caused the animals to lose their discrimination; when food had previously been withheld, however, so that the rate of response was relatively low, this deterioration in the discrimination was not as rapid as before. Restoration of the discrimination training under a lower hunger drive confirmed the finding that the formation of the discrimination was quite rapid and showed that the level of drive did not affect the proportionality between the rates in the light and in the darkness. These findings were interpreted by comparing the current procedure with those previously used in studies of avoidance reactions and conflict.

Protective Effect of Cornuside against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Hepatic Injury

2011 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 656-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shun Zong SONG ◽  
Yun Ho CHOI ◽  
Guang Yu JIN ◽  
Guang Zhao LI ◽  
Guang Hai YAN
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Tetrachloride ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Acute Hepatic Injury

scholarly journals Protective effect of citrus honey toward the histopathological and biochemical nephrotoxicity damages of gentamicin–induced in local rabbits Oryctolagus cuniculus

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Riyam Ameen Salih1 ◽  
Abdul–Karim Salim Mahood2 ◽  
Samira Abdul- Hussain Abdulla3 ◽  
, Mohammed Abdullah Ajeel4
Keyword(s):  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Oryctolagus Cuniculus ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Saline Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Subsequent Measurement ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Drugs induced nephrotoxicity now considered as an essential reason for kidney failure. Aminoglycoside anti-infection agents, for example, gentamicin, which causes ototoxicity and nephrtotoxicity as a side effect , this research is centered around the utilization of natural materials as an antioxidants against the lethal oxidative activity that applied on the kidney cells ,the most imperative one of these materials is the honey. This work aimed to assess the defensive impact of citrus honey against the histopathological and biochemical harms of gentamicin induced nephrotoxicity .24 locally breed rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) were used and divided into 4 study groups (6 rabbits per each group), group 1 received I.P daily dose of normal saline (control), group 2 received (80 mg/kg/day) I.P dose of gentamicin, group 3 received (80mg/kg/day) of gentamicin I.P dose in combination with oral dose of Citrus Honey625 mg/kg/day for 14 days and group 4 received (80mg/kg/day) of gentamicin I.P dose in combination with extra dose of Citrus Honey orally for 14 days. All animals (at 15th day) were anesthetized by ether and sacrificed; blood samples were gathered for the subsequent measurement of the serum creatinine, urea and albumin  while an isolated kidney was kept in 10 % of formaldehyde for the histopathological examination. The results demonstrated that gentamicin causes nephrotoxicity showen by elevation of serum level of creatinine, urea and  a decrease in the serum albumin. While the administration of honey in combination with gentamicin reduced the nephro-toxic effect of gentamicin that represented by a reduction of the serum creatinine and urea with improvement of the kidney histological findings.This study concluded that, honey decreased nephrotoxic effect of  gentamicin   http://dx.doi.org/10.25130/tjps.25.2020.001  

Manufacture of the Functional Noodle and its Effects on Postprandial 2h-blood Glucose and Serum Lipid Levels of Subjects with IGT

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-630
Author(s):  
Yong-Taek Kim ◽  
Zong-Do Jo ◽  
Hung-Mun Pang ◽  
Chan-Ok Paek ◽  
Chang-Sok Mun
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Optimal Mixing ◽  
Made In

Background: The earliest determinant of progression to type 2 diabetes is a loss of early insulin secretion, a defect which results in postprandial hyperglycemia and is often believed to reflect insulin resistance. In Asian countries including our country, noodle is the traditional food which has been eaten from ancient times and is taken one or two times a day. The functional noodle is a staple meeting nutritional requirements for the prevention and treatment of Impaired Glucose Tolerance (IGT). Methods: FNs were prepared using the noodle making machine according to Barak et al. with slight modifications. After giving FNs prepared by three mixing ratios of main materials to the IGT-induced rats for 30 days, the levels of postprandial 2h-blood glucose in all experimental groups and control group were measured to determinate the optimal mixing ratio of FN. After the IGT subjects in experimental group ate 200g of FN (dried weight) in exchange for a lunch for 60 days, the levels of postprandial 2h-blood glucose and of TG and TC in serum were measured to compare with that in the control group who had not undergone control in their diet. Results: After 30 days of experiment, the levels of postprandial 2h-blood glucose in rats of pl group 4 were lowest. The levels of postprandial 2h-blood glucose in the control group that most of them had not undergone control in their diet were increased, but that in experimental group who had taken FN decreased from 30 days of experiment to be significantly different after 60 days. The concentrations of serum TC and TG of IGT subjects in the experimental group were decreased compared with that in the control group, but significance among two groups was achieved only in the concentration of serum TC. Conclusion: FN made in the 4:3:3 ratio of powder of corn, powder of bean cake defatted and powder of peeled whole potato is more effective to decrease the levels of postprandial 2h-blood glucose. FN is a staple type of functional food that could be used for the treatment of IGT.

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