BARYOGENESIS IN AN SO(10) GUT MODEL WITH PATI–SALAM INTERMEDIATE SYMMETRY

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 1539-1546
Author(s):  
F. BUCCELLA ◽  
O. PISANTI ◽  
L. ROSA
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Neutrino Oscillations ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Gauge Model ◽  
Electroweak Scale ◽  
Proton Lifetime ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Breaking Scale

The possibility of generating the observed baryon asymmetry of the universe in an SO(10) gauge model with spontaneous symmetry breaking pattern [Formula: see text] is studied. We find it possible to generate a [Formula: see text], converting the leptonic number produced at the B- L breaking scale via the B+L violating processes mediated by sphalerons at the electroweak scale. The resulting picture is tested against the limit coming from experimental data: proton lifetime and neutrino oscillations.

scholarly journals The Λ and the CDM as Integration Constants

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2076
Author(s):  
Priidik Gallagher ◽  
Tomi Koivisto
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Gauge Theory ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Sector ◽  
Λcdm Model ◽  
The Universe

Notoriously, the two main problems of the standard ΛCDM model of cosmology are the cosmological constant Λ and the cold dark matter, CDM. This essay shows that both the Λ and the CDM arise as integration constants in a careful derivation of Einstein’s equations from first principles in a Lorentz gauge theory. The dark sector of the universe might only reflect the geometry of a spontaneous symmetry breaking that is necessary for the existence of spacetime and an observer therein.

Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Édouard Brézin
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Broken Symmetries ◽  
The Universe

Broken symmetries encompass a large number of different phenomena occurring at different scales. Édouard Brézin examines how symmetry has become central to understanding the organization of the universe.

scholarly journals Search for GeV-Scale Sterile Neutrinos Responsible for Active Neutrino Oscillations and Baryon Asymmetry of the Universe

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Gninenko ◽  
D. S. Gorbunov ◽  
M. E. Shaposhnikov
Keyword(s):  
Standard Model ◽  
Neutrino Oscillations ◽  
Sterile Neutrino ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Decay Length ◽  
Neutrino Masses ◽  
Sterile Neutrinos ◽  
Active Neutrino ◽  
The Universe

Standard Model fails to explain neutrino oscillations, dark matter, and baryon asymmetry of the Universe. All these problems can be solved with three sterile neutrinos added to SM. Quite remarkably, if sterile neutrino masses are well below the electroweak scale, this modification—Neutrino Minimal Standard Model (νMSM)—can be tested experimentally. We discuss a new experiment on search for decays of GeV-scale sterile neutrinos, which are responsible for the matter-antimatter asymmetry generation and for the active neutrino masses. If lighter than 2 GeV, these particles can be produced in decays of charm mesons generated by high energy protons in a target, and subsequently decay into SM particles. To fully explore this sector ofνMSM, the new experiment requires data obtained with at least1020incident protons on target (achievable at CERN SPS in future) and a big volume detector constructed from a large amount of identical single modules, with a total sterile neutrino decay length of few kilometers. The preliminary feasibility study for the proposed experiment shows that it has sensitivity which may either lead to the discovery of new particles below the Fermi scale—right-handed partners of neutrinos—or rule out seesaw sterile neutrinos with masses below 2 GeV.

scholarly journals B - L CONSERVED BARYOGENESIS

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (25) ◽  
pp. 2047-2051
Author(s):  
PEI-HONG GU ◽  
UTPAL SARKAR
Keyword(s):  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Electroweak Scale ◽  
Lepton Asymmetry ◽  
The Universe

In the presence of anomaly induced sphaleron process, only a B - L asymmetry can be partially converted to the baryon asymmetry while any B + L asymmetry would be completely erased. Thus in any successful baryogenesis theories, B - L is usually violated above the electroweak scale to explain the observed matter–antimatter asymmetry of the universe. However, if any lepton asymmetry is not affected by the sphaleron processes, a B - L conserved theory can still realize the baryogenesis. We present here an SU(5) GUT realization of this scenario, which naturally accommodates small masses of Dirac neutrinos.

scholarly journals Raising the SUSY-breaking scale in a Goldstone–Higgs model

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (27) ◽  
pp. 1750143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tommi Alanne ◽  
Heidi Rzehak ◽  
Francesco Sannino ◽  
Anders Eller Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Supersymmetry Breaking ◽  
Goldstone Boson ◽  
Higgs Sector ◽  
Global Symmetry ◽  
Electroweak Sector ◽  
Chiral Superfield ◽  
Breaking Scale

We show that by combining the elementary Goldstone–Higgs scenario and supersymmetry it is possible to raise the scale of supersymmetry breaking to several TeVs by relating it to the spontaneous-symmetry-breaking one. This is achieved by first enhancing the global symmetries of the super-Higgs sector to SU(4) and then embedding the electroweak sector and the Standard Model (SM) fermions. We determine the conditions under which the model achieves a vacuum such that the resulting Higgs is a pseudo-Goldstone boson (pGB). The main results are: the supersymmetry-breaking scale is identified with the spontaneous-symmetry-breaking scale of SU(4) which is several TeVs above the radiatively induced electroweak scale; intriguingly the global symmetry of the Higgs sector predicts the existence of two super-Higgs multiplets with one mass eigenstate playing the role of the pseudo-Goldstone Higgs; the symmetry-breaking dynamics fixes [Formula: see text] and requires a supplementary singlet chiral superfield. We finally discuss the spectrum of the model that now features the superpartners of the SM fermions and gauge bosons in the multi-TeV range.

EQUATION OF STATE AND TEMPERATURE OF MASSIVE NONRELATIVISTIC BOSONS ARISING IN THE UNIVERSE AT THE FIRST STAGE OF REHEATING

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (40) ◽  
pp. 3069-3076 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. DYMNIKOVA ◽  
M. KRAWCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Bose Condensate ◽  
Grand Unification ◽  
De Sitter ◽  
Model Independent ◽  
Ideal Quantum ◽  
The Universe

We consider heavy nonrelativistic bosons with masses M~MGUT which arise in the Universe during phase transitions with spontaneous symmetry breaking at the grand unification scale. In the frame of statistical mechanics approach with model-independent description of cosmological background we show that the process of emerging of massive GUT bosons looks like evaporation of a Bose condensate. First massive nonrelativistic bosons behave like ideal quantum degenerate Bose gas which has the Gibbons-Hawking temperature due to the presence of the de Sitter event horizon.

scholarly journals NEUTRINOS AND THE MATTER-ANTIMATTER ASYMMETRY IN THE UNIVERSE

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 56-64
Author(s):  
RICARDO GONZÁLEZ FELIPE
Keyword(s):  
Neutrino Physics ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Neutrino Oscillations ◽  
Baryon Asymmetry ◽  
Neutrino Masses ◽  
Seesaw Mechanism ◽  
Challenging Issue ◽  
Puzzling Problem ◽  
The Universe

The discovery of neutrino oscillations provides a solid evidence for nonzero neutrino masses and leptonic mixing. The fact that neutrino masses are so tiny constitutes a puzzling problem in particle physics. From the theoretical viewpoint, the smallness of neutrino masses can be elegantly explained through the seesaw mechanism. Another challenging issue for particle physics and cosmology is the explanation of the matter-antimatter asymmetry observed in Nature. Among the viable mechanisms, leptogenesis is a simple and well-motivated framework. In this paper we briefly review these aspects, making emphasis on the possibility of linking neutrino physics to the cosmological baryon asymmetry originated from leptogenesis.

scholarly journals Embedding cosmology and gravity

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhishek Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Sigma Model ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Abstract Space ◽  
Einstein's Equation ◽  
Expansion Of The Universe ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Dimensional Surface

AbstractI start with a scenario where the universe is an abstract space $${\mathcal {M}}$$ M having d dimensions. There is a two dimensional surface embedded in it. Embedding is a map from the embedded surface to $${\mathcal {M}}$$ M that has a field theory described by Sigma model. I take d directions of $${\mathcal {M}}$$ M to be the generators of a symmetry group SU(n) of the Lagrangian of the embedding. This means embedding has n flavors. Then I introduce spontaneous symmetry breaking in the theory and define the direction along which the symmetry breaking occurs as time. Next I write down the modified Einstein’s equation including the embedding. Then I discuss embedding’s relation to the expansion of the universe. After that I construct an inflationary scenario with embedding as inflaton and discuss its connection to Starobinsky $$R^{2}$$ R 2 model. Finally, I discuss the effect of inflation on the non-commutativity of the spacetime.

scholarly journals Inverse Seesaw, dark matter and the Hubble tension

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Fernandez-Martinez ◽  
M. Pierre ◽  
E. Pinsard ◽  
S. Rosauro-Alcaraz
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Lepton Number ◽  
Neutrino Masses ◽  
Sterile Neutrinos ◽  
Seesaw Mechanism ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Matter Component

AbstractWe consider the inverse Seesaw scenario for neutrino masses with the approximate Lepton number symmetry broken dynamically by a scalar with Lepton number two. We show that the Majoron associated to the spontaneous symmetry breaking can alleviate the Hubble tension through its contribution to $$\Delta N_\text {eff}$$ Δ N eff and late decays to neutrinos. Among the additional fermionic states required for realizing the inverse Seesaw mechanism, sterile neutrinos at the keV-MeV scale can account for all the dark matter component of the Universe if produced via freeze-in from the decays of heavier degrees of freedom.

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