Relation Between Electric Power and Temperature Difference for Thermoelectric Generator

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (08n09) ◽  
pp. 1421-1426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Byung Chul Woo ◽  
Hee Woong Lee
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
Temperature Function ◽  
Conversion Method ◽  
Direct Energy ◽  
Waste Energy

The thermoelectric generation is the direct energy conversion method from heat to electric power. The conversion method is a very useful utilization of waste energy because of its possibility using a thermal energy below 423K. This research objective is to establish the thermoelectric technology on an optimum system design method and efficiency, and cost effective thermoelectric element in order to extract the maximum electric power from a wasted hot water. This paper is considered in manufacturing a thermoelectric generator and manufacturing of thermoelectric generator with 32 thermoelectric modules. It was also found that the electric voltage of thermoelectric generator with 32 modules slowly changed along temperature differences and the maximum power of thermoelectric generator using thermoelectric generating modules can be defined as temperature function.

scholarly journals All-Day Energy Harvesting Power System Utilizing a Thermoelectric Generator with Water-Based Heat Storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 3659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuki Kadohiro ◽  
Shuo Cheng ◽  
Jeffrey S. Cross
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Power System ◽  
Hybrid Systems ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Heat Storage ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Warm Water ◽  
Thermal Systems ◽  
Water Based

Solar thermal systems, especially solar hot water household heating/storage systems, are considered the most cost-effective alternatives to fossil fuel hot water heating energy systems. Recently, solar hot water systems are combined with a thermoelectric generator, forming hybrid systems. However, these hybrid systems described in the literature cannot generate electricity from sunset to sunrise, or at night, when residential consumers use the most electricity. In this paper, an all-day energy harvesting power system utilizing a thermoelectric generator with water-based heat storage is presented to generate electricity all-day and also produce warm water. The experimental and theoretical analyses were conducted to evaluate and verify the performance of the systems. In the case study, the scaled-up system shows potential to provide 198.9 L of warm water per day, 0.912 kWh of electricity in the daytime, and 0.0332 kWh of electricity at nighttime for a typical house with 6.34 m2 of available surface area in Tokyo, Japan. Although the electric power at night is low, this novel lab-scale system shows the potential to be a viable source of electricity and warm water throughout the day, without emitting any greenhouse gas.

scholarly journals Co-Design of CVT-Based Electric Vehicles

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1825
Author(s):  
Caiyang Wei ◽  
Theo Hofman ◽  
Esin Ilhan Caarls
Keyword(s):  
Cooling System ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Speed Ratio ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Cost Of Ownership ◽  
Variable Transmission ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
Design Freedom

For an electric vehicle (EV) with a continuously variable transmission (CVT), a novel convex programming (CP)-based co-design method is proposed to minimize the total-cost-of-ownership (TCO). The integration of the electric machine (EM) and the CVT is the primary focus. The optimized system with co-design reduces the TCO by around 5.9% compared to a non-optimized CVT-based EV (based on off-the-shelf components) and by around 2% compared to the EV equipped with a single-speed transmission (SST). By taking advantage of the control and design freedom provided by the CVT, the optimal CVT, EM and battery sizes are found to reduce the system cost. It simultaneously finds the optimal CVT speed ratio and air-flow rate of the cooling system reducing the energy consumption. The strength of co-design is highlighted by comparing to a sequential design, and insights into the design of a low-power EV that is energy-efficient and cost-effective for urban driving are provided. A highly integrated EM-CVT system, which is efficient, low-cost and lightweight, can be expected for future EV applications.

A Design Method for Thermosyphon Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems

1987 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. P. Malkin ◽  
S. A. Klein ◽  
J. A. Duffie ◽  
A. B. Copsey
Keyword(s):  
Flow Rate ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Average Flow Rate ◽  
Domestic Hot Water ◽  
Average Flow ◽  
Solar Fraction ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Flow Circuit

A modification to the f-Chart method has been developed to predict monthly and annual performance of thermosyphon solar domestic hot water systems. Stratification in the storage tank is accounted for through use of a modified collector loss coefficient. The varying flow rate throughout the day and year in a thermosyphon system is accounted for through use of a fixed monthly “equivalent average” flow rate. The “equivalent average” flow rate is that which balances the thermosyphon buoyancy driving force with the frictional losses in the flow circuit on a monthly average basis. Comparison between the annual solar fraction predited by the modified design method and TRNSYS simulations for a wide range of thermosyphon systems shows an RMS error of 2.6 percent.

Efficiency of Microcombustion System with Thermoelectric Generator Combined with Countercurrent Heat Exchanger

2016 ◽  
Vol 685 ◽  
pp. 422-426
Author(s):  
Nikolai Belyakov ◽  
Igor Terletskii ◽  
Sergey Minaev ◽  
Sudarshan Kumar ◽  
Kaoru Maruta
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Electric Power ◽  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Combustion Products ◽  
Thermoelectric Device ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Thermoelectric Element ◽  
Fresh Mixture ◽  
A Value ◽  
New System

A new system for converting combustion heat into electric power was proposed on the basis of countercurrent burner with thermoelectric element embedded in a wall separating incoming fresh mixture and combustion products. The wall serves as heat exchanger between combustion products and the fresh mixture. Numerical simulations showed that almost whole combustion heat may be transferred through the thermoelectric element in such system and the total thermal efficiency attained a value close to the conversion efficiency of the thermoelectric device itself.

Design of segmented thermoelectric generator based on cost-effective and light-weight thermoelectric alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 45-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hee Seok Kim ◽  
Keiko Kikuchi ◽  
Takashi Itoh ◽  
Tsutomu Iida ◽  
Minoru Taya
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Generator ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Light Weight

Design and Analysis of Automotive Bumper Covers in Transient Loading Conditions

2016 ◽  
Vol 715 ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih Hsing Liu ◽  
Ying Chia Huang ◽  
Chen Hua Chiu ◽  
Yu Cheng Lai ◽  
Tzu Yang Pai
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Optimization Approach ◽  
Loading Conditions ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Guideline

This paper presents the analysis methods for design of automotive bumper covers. The bumper covers are plastic structures attached to the front and rear ends of an automobile and are expected to absorb energy in a minor collision. One requirement in design of the bumper covers is to minimize the bumper deflection within a limited range under specific loadings at specific locations based on the design guideline. To investigate the stiffness performance under various loading conditions, a numerical model based on the explicit dynamic finite element analysis (FEA) using the commercial FEA solver, LS-DYNA, is developed to analyze the design. The experimental tests are also carried out to verify the numerical model. The thickness of the bumper cover is a design variable which usually varies from 3 to 4 mm depending on locations. To improve the stiffness of the bumper, an optimal design for the bumper under a pre-defined loading condition is identified by using the topology optimization approach, which is an optimal design method to obtain the optimal layout of an initial design domain under specific boundary conditions. The outcome of this study provides an efficient and cost-effective method to predict and improve the design of automotive bumper covers.

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