scholarly journals HIDDEN UNITY IN THE QUANTUM DESCRIPTION OF MATTER

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (28) ◽  
pp. 5413-5423 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. ORTIZ ◽  
C. D. BATISTA
Keyword(s):  
General Concept ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Fundamental Concept ◽  
Critical Behaviour ◽  
Broken Symmetry ◽  
Quantum Description ◽  
Algebraic Framework ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Physical Phenomena

We introduce an algebraic framework for interacting quantum systems that enables studying complex phenomena, characterised by the coexistence and competition of various broken symmetry states of matter. The approach unveils the hidden unity behind seemingly unrelated physical phenomena, thus establishing exact connections between them. This leads to the fundamental concept of universality of physical phenomena, a general concept not restricted to the domain of critical behaviour. Key to our framework is the concept of languages and the construction of dictionaries relating them.

scholarly journals Probing Many-Body Systems Near Spectral Degeneracies

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1796
Author(s):  
Klaus Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Decay Rate ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Time Correlation ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Quantum Evolution ◽  
Many Body ◽  
Space Localization ◽  
Many Body Systems ◽  
Random Times

The diagonal elements of the time correlation matrix are used to probe closed quantum systems that are measured at random times. This enables us to extract two distinct parts of the quantum evolution, a recurrent part and an exponentially decaying part. This separation is strongly affected when spectral degeneracies occur, for instance, in the presence of spontaneous symmetry breaking. Moreover, the slowest decay rate is determined by the smallest energy level spacing, and this decay rate diverges at the spectral degeneracies. Probing the quantum evolution with the diagonal elements of the time correlation matrix is discussed as a general concept and tested in the case of a bosonic Josephson junction. It reveals for the latter characteristic properties at the transition to Hilbert-space localization.

Vortex Effect, Vortex Power

2018 ◽  
pp. 500-533
Author(s):  
Serebryakov Rudolf ◽  
Vladimir Vasilyevich Biryuk ◽  
Vyacheslav Volov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Pressure Gradient ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Nonlinear Effects ◽  
Continuous Media ◽  
Swirling Flows ◽  
Secondary Flows ◽  
Vortex Effect ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Physical Phenomena

One of the non-traditional types of renewable energy is vortex energy, which arises when swirling flows of continuous media (e.g., liquid and gas) are formed and which can be converted into thermal energy, work, and also used to raise the temperature in some systems or to create a pressure gradient. Vortex structures are systematically found in many physical processes. In recent years, new aspects of studying the vortex have been considered. These aspects are associated with physical phenomena, which indicate the occurrence of nonlinear effects in liquid media. Vortex flows of continuous media are one of the most important and complex phenomena in the mechanics of liquids and gases. They are characterized by specific manifestations that are fundamentally different from the axial properties of the motion of the medium, such as the appearance of secondary flows.

Development of Automatic Marking Generation System for Plate Forming by Line Heating

1996 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
Joo-Sung Lee
Keyword(s):  
Steel Plate ◽  
General Concept ◽  
Generation System ◽  
Line Heating ◽  
General Applicability ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
Surface Models ◽  
Nice Agreement ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
The Given

An algorithm is introduced which can generate the marking data for steel plate forming by line heating. A relatively simple mechanical model is adopted which can implicitly represent the complex physical phenomena of line heating. The general concept of the proposed algorithm is described and is applied to three types of surface models to show its validity and applicability. It is found that the proposed marking generation algorithm gives reasonable results of marking data where the estimated surface shows a nice agreement with the given surface. It can be said, therefore, that the proposed algorithm may be one of the feasible ways toward automation of plate forming by line heating. This paper ends with a brief discussion of the results and reference to the more general applicability of the present marking generation algorithm.

Simulation of flows within an electrostatic ion thruster for space missions

2001 ◽  
Vol 105 (1053) ◽  
pp. 613-618 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Jugroot ◽  
J. K. Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Specific Impulse ◽  
Evaluation Research ◽  
Charged Particles ◽  
Space Missions ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Ion Thruster ◽  
Ion Thrusters ◽  
Particle Simulations ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Physical Phenomena

Abstract Ion thrusters are well suited for near-Earth and deep space missions because of their exceptionally high specific impulse. Those already flying are also proving to be very reliable. The flow of neutral and charged particles within the different components of these devices is very complex and although they have been studied for several years, little of the detail of their internal operation is properly understood. Numerical simulations of these flows can potentially yield an improved understanding of the physical phenomena involved and in turn this should assist in the optimising of new designs and in achieving higher specific impulses. The external plume, which can potentially cause damage to other spacecraft components such as solar panels, has been the object of some studies but the flow within the internal chambers where many complex phenomena are suspected to occur has been seriously neglected. For this reason the present fully kinetic neutral and charged particle simulations, which take account of the ionisation processes and the applied magnetic field, have been conducted. The studies have been made on one specific electrostatic ion thruster - the T5 model produced by the Space Department at the Defence and Evaluation Research Agency (DERA, Farnborough, UK). Two regions within the thruster have been concentrated on, namely the exit area of the hollow cathode and the main chamber.

Aspects Regarding the Hybrid Models in Engineering

2013 ◽  
Vol 837 ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emil Oanta ◽  
Cornel Panait
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Cylinder Block ◽  
Redundant Information ◽  
Software Applications ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Research Plan ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Physical Phenomena ◽  
Speed Accuracy

Physical phenomena in engineering are studied using several types of research instruments. In the class of the theoretical instruments may be considered the analytic and numeric models and the category of the practical approaches includes the experimental studies. However, complex phenomena require information resulted from several types of studies. The integration of the information may be done using original software applications which offer speed, accuracy and flexibility in the context of that certain project. If the research plan considers right from the beginning the integration of the results of different types of studies in a unique investigation methodology, the model of the phenomenon may be considered hybrid. The paper presents several research projects in engineering, the project dedicated to the strains and stresses in the cylinder block is the most complex one and it required several studies of different types, together with original software employed to integrate the data. It may be considered a relevant example of hybrid model. To conclude, the analysis of the phenomenon to be studied must lead to a certain high overview which offers the grounds of a holistic approach in the design of the research plan. Thus, there must be identified all the sources of experimental data, using various experimental techniques, even the redundant information being useful for cross-checking purposes.

Critical behaviour of quantum systems with quenched point impurities

1984 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.R. Korutcheva ◽  
D.I. Uzunov
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Critical Behaviour

BROKEN UNITARY SYMMETRIES AND FERMI–DIRAC STATISTICS

2007 ◽  
Vol 22 (40) ◽  
pp. 3037-3045 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. CALIXTO ◽  
V. ALDAYA
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Coherent States ◽  
Quantum Systems ◽  
Broken Symmetry ◽  
Particle Theory ◽  
N Level ◽  
Zero Modes ◽  
Dirac Type ◽  
Symmetry Transformations ◽  
The Many

The existence of degenerated quantum vacua (coherent states of zero modes), for N-level quantum systems, leads to a breakdown of the original unitary U (N) symmetry in the many-particle theory. The action of some spontaneously broken symmetry transformations destabilize these pseudo-vacua and make them radiate. We study the structure of this thermal radiation, which turns out to be of Fermi–Dirac type.

scholarly journals Modulation Instability of Surface Waves in the Model with the Uniform Wind Profile

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susam Boral ◽  
Trilochan Sahoo ◽  
Yury Stepanyants
Keyword(s):  
Water Waves ◽  
Wind Profile ◽  
Modulation Instability ◽  
Reference Model ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Tangential Discontinuity ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Radiative Instability ◽  
Complex Phenomena ◽  
Physical Phenomena

The modulation instability of surface capillary-gravity water waves is analysed in a shear flow model with a tangential discontinuity of velocity. It is assumed that air blows along the surface of the water with a uniform profile in the vertical direction. Such a model, despite its simplicity, plays an important role in hydrodynamics as the reference model for investigating basic physical phenomena of wave-current interactions and acquiring insights into a series of complex phenomena. In certain cases where the wavelength of interfacial perturbations is much bigger than the width of the shear fow profile, the model with the tangential discontinuity in the velocity is adequate for describing physical phenomena at least within limited spatial and temporal frameworks. A detailed analysis of the air-flow conditions under which modulation instability sets in is presented. It is also shown that the interfacial waves are subject to dissipative or radiative instability when negativeenergy waves appear at the interface.

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