Theory of Extremal Dynamics with Quenched Disorder: Self-Organization, Avalanche Dynamics and Critical Exponents

1998 ◽  
Vol 12 (12n13) ◽  
pp. 1263-1275
Author(s):  
R. Cafiero ◽  
L. Pietronero ◽  
A. Gabrielli ◽  
M. Marsili
Keyword(s):  
Critical Exponents ◽  
Stochastic Dynamics ◽  
Real Space ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Scale Transformation ◽  
Quenched Disorder ◽  
Invasion Percolation ◽  
Self Organized

In this paper we discuss a general theoretical scheme, that we have recently proposed, for a class of phenomena characterized by extremal dynamics with quenched disorder. The approach is based on a transformation of the quenched dynamics into a stochastic dynamics with cognitive memory. This transformation, together with other concepts, permits a mathematical characterization of the self-organized nature of the avalanche type dynamics. By combining the mapping with real space methods, like the fixed scale transformation (FST), it is also possible to compute the relevant critical exponents directly from the microscopic model. A specific application to Invasion Percolation is presented but the approach can be easily extended to various other problems with quenched disorder.

scholarly journals Topology assisted self-organization of colloidal nanoparticles: application to 2D large-scale nanomastering

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1203-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Kadiri ◽  
Serguei Kostcheev ◽  
Daniel Turover ◽  
Rafael Salas-Montiel ◽  
Komla Nomenyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The Self ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Hydrogen Silsesquioxane ◽  
Polystyrene Beads ◽  
Structure Topology ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Long Range Ordering

Our aim was to elaborate a novel method for fully controllable large-scale nanopatterning. We investigated the influence of the surface topology, i.e., a pre-pattern of hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) posts, on the self-organization of polystyrene beads (PS) dispersed over a large surface. Depending on the post size and spacing, long-range ordering of self-organized polystyrene beads is observed wherein guide posts were used leading to single crystal structure. Topology assisted self-organization has proved to be one of the solutions to obtain large-scale ordering. Besides post size and spacing, the colloidal concentration and the nature of solvent were found to have a significant effect on the self-organization of the PS beads. Scanning electron microscope and associated Fourier transform analysis were used to characterize the morphology of the ordered surfaces. Finally, the production of silicon molds is demonstrated by using the beads as a template for dry etching.

MAPPING OF A DETERMINISTIC DYNAMICS WITH QUENCHED VARIABLES INTO A STOCHASTIC PROBLEM WITH COGNITIVE MEMORY

Fractals ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 03 (03) ◽  
pp. 471-481
Author(s):  
R. CAFIERO ◽  
A. GABRIELLI ◽  
M. MARSILI ◽  
L. PIETRONERO
Keyword(s):  
Stochastic Dynamics ◽  
Immiscible Fluids ◽  
Quenched Disorder ◽  
Invasion Percolation ◽  
Scale Invariant ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Deterministic Dynamics ◽  
Irreversible Dynamics ◽  
Disordered Porous Media ◽  
With Memory

Irreversible dynamics in media with quenched disorder seems to be the essential mechanism for a variety of phenomena like fracture propagation or displacement of immiscible fluids in disordered porous media. This problem does not seem to be treatable along the standard theoretical schemes. Recently a new approach has been introduced that allows mapping of a deterministic dynamics with quenched disorder like that of Invasion Percolation into a stochastic dynamics with memory. This memory consists essentially in a cognitive process that modifies the probability distribution of quenched variables conditionally to all previous events. This approach, together with the FST and the corresponding analysis of the scale invariant dynamics, provides a new framework to understand the self organization and to compute the critical exponents of problems like Invasion Percolation and Bak and Sneppen.

Self-Organization and Trade Union Democracy

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill C. Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Public Sector Union ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Union Democracy ◽  
Democratic Polity ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This article is an offshoot of a three year study into the self-organized groups for women, black members, disabled members and lesbians and gay men which have been enshrined in the constitution of the UK's public sector union UNISON. The argument is that self-organization has become a significant axis around which trade union democracy is being reconstituted in the late twentieth century. However, our understanding of this phenomenon has been obscured by the ascendancy of mainstream union perspectives over self-organized perspectives, which has unfortunately been compounded by academic researchers. A re-conceptualization of self-organization proceeds in three stages. First, it is contextualized politically and theoretically in terms of trade union histories, new social movements and models of a diversified democratic polity. Second, it is re-signified by attending to its actual unfolding over the past two decades and the self-understandings of its activists. Third, is problematized with reference to exogenous pressures towards bureaucracy and oligarchy, and endogenous pressures towards essentialisms and exclusions.

scholarly journals Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si3N4 Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Bogatov ◽  
Podgursky ◽  
Vagiström ◽  
Yashin ◽  
Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Force ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Nanocrystalline Diamond ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Power Law Distribution ◽  
Reciprocating Sliding ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Organized Criticality

The paper investigates the variation of friction force (Fx) during reciprocating sliding tests on nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films. The analysis of the friction behavior during the run-in period is the focus of the study. The NCD films were grown using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MW-PECVD) on single-crystalline diamond SCD(110) substrates. Reciprocating sliding tests were conducted under 500 and 2000 g of normal load using Si3N4 balls as a counter body. The friction force permanently varies during the test, namely Fx value can locally increase or decrease in each cycle of sliding. The distribution of friction force drops (dFx) was extracted from the experimental data using a specially developed program. The analysis revealed a power-law distribution f-µ of dFx for the early stage of the run-in with the exponent value (µ) in the range from 0.6 to 2.9. In addition, the frequency power spectrum of Fx time series follows power-law distribution f-α with α value in the range of 1.0–2.0, with the highest values (1.6–2.0) for the initial stage of the run-in. No power-law distribution of dFx was found for the later stage of the run-in and the steady-state periods of sliding with the exception for periods where a relatively extended decrease of coefficient of friction (COF) was observed. The asperity interlocking leads to the stick-slip like sliding at the early stage of the run-in. This tribological behavior can be related to the self-organized criticality (SOC). The emergence of dissipative structures at the later stages of the run-in, namely the formation of ripples, carbonaceous tribolayer, etc., can be associated with the self-organization (SO).

Influence of Resin Viscosity and Filler Volume on Self-Organized Micro Interconnection

2006 ◽  
Vol 512 ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyokazu Yasuda ◽  
Koushi Ohta ◽  
Kozo Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Real Process ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Filler Dispersion

The novel selective interconnection using the resin containing low-melting-point-alloy fillers was developed as a high density assembly method of a low-temperature and highly reliable electronic interconnection. By means of the coalescence of fillers and wetting onto the terminal material due to the Laplace pressure of the fillers, self-organization onto the terminals was formed. The influence of the filler volume ratio and resin viscosity on the self-organized interconnecting was investigated by the numerical analysis with a multi-filler dispersion model corresponding to a real process, and was evaluated by using the normalized parameter (self-organization ratio). We clarified the existence of the optimal value of the filler volume ratio. The rate controlling factor transferred from the filler volume to the inflow velocity by the increase of the viscosity.

scholarly journals Research on MAS-Based Supply Chain Resilience and Its Self-Organized Criticality

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Geng ◽  
Renbin Xiao ◽  
Xing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Neighborhood Structure ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
Self Organized Criticality

Building resilient supply chain is an effective way to deal with uncertain risks. First, by analyzing the self-organization of supply chain, the supply chain resilience is described as a macroscopic property that generates from self-organizing behavior of each enterprise on the microlevel. Second, a MAS-based supply chain resilience model is established and its local fitness function, neighborhood structure, and interaction rules that are applicable to supply chain system are designed through viewing the enterprise as an agent. Finally, with the help of a case, we find that there is an agglomeration effect and a SOC characteristic in supply chain and the evolution of supply chain is controlled by parameters of MAS. Managers can control the supply chain within the resilient range and choose a good balance between interest and risk by controlling enterprises’ behavior.

scholarly journals Detection of Ischemic Episodes Based on Two Consecutive Declines in the JT/ST Algebraic Relationship

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4805
Author(s):  
Vaiva Šiaučiūnaitė ◽  
Alfonsas Vainoras ◽  
Zenonas Navickas ◽  
Minvydas Ragulskis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular System ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Visualization Technique ◽  
Dynamical Processes ◽  
Recovery Processes ◽  
Human Cardiovascular System

The main objective of this paper is to explore if the JT/ST algebraic relationship could be helpful for the identification of ischemic changes in the human cardiovascular system. The suggested visualization technique highlights the specifics of complex dynamical processes in the self-organization of the heart system during the load and recovery processes. It is demonstrated that the nonlinear algebraic relationship between the duration of the JT interval and the ST amplitude can be beneficial for a deeper interpretation of dynamical processes in the human cardiovascular system. The JT/ST relationship is used for the identification of the ischemic changes and for the characterization of individual performance of the person during the load and recovery processes.

scholarly journals Self-Organized Translational Wheeling Motion in Stochastic Self-Assembling Modules

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhei Miyashita ◽  
Kohei Nakajima ◽  
Zoltán Nagy ◽  
Rolf Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Shape Difference ◽  
Magnetic Attraction ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Organization Process ◽  
And Behavior

Self-organization is a phenomenon found in biomolecular self-assembly by which proteins are spontaneously driven to assemble and attain various functionalities. This study reports on self-organized behavior in which distributed centimeter-sized modules stochastically aggregate and exhibit a translational wheeling motion. The system consists of two types of centimeter-sized water-floating modules: a triangular-shaped module that is equipped with a vibration motor and a permanent magnet (termed the active module), which can quasi-randomly rove around; and circular modules that are equipped with permanent magnets (termed passive modules). In its quasi-random movement in water, the active module picks up passive modules through magnetic attraction. The contacts between the modules induce a torque transfer from the active module to the passive modules. This results in rotational motion of the passive modules. As a consequence of the shape difference between the triangular module and the circular module, the passive modules rotate like wheels, being kept on the same edges as the active module. The motion of the active module is examined, as well as the characteristics and behavior of the self-organization process.

Characterization of NTCDI supra-molecular networks on Au(111); combining STM, IR and DFT calculations

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (49) ◽  
pp. 25698-25708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahamadou Seydou ◽  
Joan Teyssandier ◽  
Nicolas Battaglini ◽  
Ghislain Tsague Kenfack ◽  
Philippe Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Density Functional Theory ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
The Self ◽  
Molecular Networks ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Scanning Tunneling ◽  
Tunneling Microscopy ◽  
Functional Theory

In this paper, we investigate the self-organization of NTCDI molecules on Au(111) surface by combining Density Functional Theory (DFT) and experiments based on scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and infrared spectroscopy measurements.

scholarly journals Ontological diversity in urban self-organization: Complexity, critical realism and post-structuralism

2021 ◽  
pp. 147309522199239
Author(s):  
Beitske Boonstra ◽  
Ward Rauws
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Critical Realist ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Ontological Dimension

As urban self-organization grows into a key concept in spatial planning—explaining spontaneous spatial transformations—the understandings and applications of the concept divert. This article turns to the ontological dimension of urban self-organization and scrutinizes how a critical realist and a post-structuralist ontology inspire theoretical practices, analytical tendencies, empirical readings, and subsequent planning interventions in relation to urban self-organization. This is illustrated with an example of the self-organized regeneration of a deprived street in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. With this contribution, we aim to create ontological self-awareness among planning scholars in studying urban self-organization and invite them to reflect on how their positions complement, deviate, and potentially challenge or inspire those of others. We argue that by clarifying ontological diversity in urban self-organization, theoretical practices and complexity-informed planning interventions can be further deepened and enriched.

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