Self-Organization and Trade Union Democracy

2000 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jill C. Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Trade Union ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Public Sector Union ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Union Democracy ◽  
Democratic Polity ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

This article is an offshoot of a three year study into the self-organized groups for women, black members, disabled members and lesbians and gay men which have been enshrined in the constitution of the UK's public sector union UNISON. The argument is that self-organization has become a significant axis around which trade union democracy is being reconstituted in the late twentieth century. However, our understanding of this phenomenon has been obscured by the ascendancy of mainstream union perspectives over self-organized perspectives, which has unfortunately been compounded by academic researchers. A re-conceptualization of self-organization proceeds in three stages. First, it is contextualized politically and theoretically in terms of trade union histories, new social movements and models of a diversified democratic polity. Second, it is re-signified by attending to its actual unfolding over the past two decades and the self-understandings of its activists. Third, is problematized with reference to exogenous pressures towards bureaucracy and oligarchy, and endogenous pressures towards essentialisms and exclusions.

scholarly journals Topology assisted self-organization of colloidal nanoparticles: application to 2D large-scale nanomastering

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 1203-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Kadiri ◽  
Serguei Kostcheev ◽  
Daniel Turover ◽  
Rafael Salas-Montiel ◽  
Komla Nomenyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
The Self ◽  
Surface Topology ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Hydrogen Silsesquioxane ◽  
Polystyrene Beads ◽  
Structure Topology ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Long Range Ordering

Our aim was to elaborate a novel method for fully controllable large-scale nanopatterning. We investigated the influence of the surface topology, i.e., a pre-pattern of hydrogen silsesquioxane (HSQ) posts, on the self-organization of polystyrene beads (PS) dispersed over a large surface. Depending on the post size and spacing, long-range ordering of self-organized polystyrene beads is observed wherein guide posts were used leading to single crystal structure. Topology assisted self-organization has proved to be one of the solutions to obtain large-scale ordering. Besides post size and spacing, the colloidal concentration and the nature of solvent were found to have a significant effect on the self-organization of the PS beads. Scanning electron microscope and associated Fourier transform analysis were used to characterize the morphology of the ordered surfaces. Finally, the production of silicon molds is demonstrated by using the beads as a template for dry etching.

scholarly journals Transition from Self-Organized Criticality into Self-Organization during Sliding Si3N4 Balls against Nanocrystalline Diamond Films

Entropy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1055
Author(s):  
Bogatov ◽  
Podgursky ◽  
Vagiström ◽  
Yashin ◽  
Shaikh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Friction Force ◽  
Power Law ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Nanocrystalline Diamond ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Power Law Distribution ◽  
Reciprocating Sliding ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Organized Criticality

The paper investigates the variation of friction force (Fx) during reciprocating sliding tests on nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) films. The analysis of the friction behavior during the run-in period is the focus of the study. The NCD films were grown using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MW-PECVD) on single-crystalline diamond SCD(110) substrates. Reciprocating sliding tests were conducted under 500 and 2000 g of normal load using Si3N4 balls as a counter body. The friction force permanently varies during the test, namely Fx value can locally increase or decrease in each cycle of sliding. The distribution of friction force drops (dFx) was extracted from the experimental data using a specially developed program. The analysis revealed a power-law distribution f-µ of dFx for the early stage of the run-in with the exponent value (µ) in the range from 0.6 to 2.9. In addition, the frequency power spectrum of Fx time series follows power-law distribution f-α with α value in the range of 1.0–2.0, with the highest values (1.6–2.0) for the initial stage of the run-in. No power-law distribution of dFx was found for the later stage of the run-in and the steady-state periods of sliding with the exception for periods where a relatively extended decrease of coefficient of friction (COF) was observed. The asperity interlocking leads to the stick-slip like sliding at the early stage of the run-in. This tribological behavior can be related to the self-organized criticality (SOC). The emergence of dissipative structures at the later stages of the run-in, namely the formation of ripples, carbonaceous tribolayer, etc., can be associated with the self-organization (SO).

Influence of Resin Viscosity and Filler Volume on Self-Organized Micro Interconnection

2006 ◽  
Vol 512 ◽  
pp. 367-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiyokazu Yasuda ◽  
Koushi Ohta ◽  
Kozo Fujimoto
Keyword(s):  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Assembly Method ◽  
Real Process ◽  
Optimal Value ◽  
Filler Dispersion

The novel selective interconnection using the resin containing low-melting-point-alloy fillers was developed as a high density assembly method of a low-temperature and highly reliable electronic interconnection. By means of the coalescence of fillers and wetting onto the terminal material due to the Laplace pressure of the fillers, self-organization onto the terminals was formed. The influence of the filler volume ratio and resin viscosity on the self-organized interconnecting was investigated by the numerical analysis with a multi-filler dispersion model corresponding to a real process, and was evaluated by using the normalized parameter (self-organization ratio). We clarified the existence of the optimal value of the filler volume ratio. The rate controlling factor transferred from the filler volume to the inflow velocity by the increase of the viscosity.

scholarly journals Research on MAS-Based Supply Chain Resilience and Its Self-Organized Criticality

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Geng ◽  
Renbin Xiao ◽  
Xing Xu
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Fitness Function ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Neighborhood Structure ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Supply Chain Resilience ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Agglomeration Effect ◽  
Self Organized Criticality

Building resilient supply chain is an effective way to deal with uncertain risks. First, by analyzing the self-organization of supply chain, the supply chain resilience is described as a macroscopic property that generates from self-organizing behavior of each enterprise on the microlevel. Second, a MAS-based supply chain resilience model is established and its local fitness function, neighborhood structure, and interaction rules that are applicable to supply chain system are designed through viewing the enterprise as an agent. Finally, with the help of a case, we find that there is an agglomeration effect and a SOC characteristic in supply chain and the evolution of supply chain is controlled by parameters of MAS. Managers can control the supply chain within the resilient range and choose a good balance between interest and risk by controlling enterprises’ behavior.

scholarly journals Self-Organized Translational Wheeling Motion in Stochastic Self-Assembling Modules

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuhei Miyashita ◽  
Kohei Nakajima ◽  
Zoltán Nagy ◽  
Rolf Pfeifer
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Shape Difference ◽  
Magnetic Attraction ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
Organization Process ◽  
And Behavior

Self-organization is a phenomenon found in biomolecular self-assembly by which proteins are spontaneously driven to assemble and attain various functionalities. This study reports on self-organized behavior in which distributed centimeter-sized modules stochastically aggregate and exhibit a translational wheeling motion. The system consists of two types of centimeter-sized water-floating modules: a triangular-shaped module that is equipped with a vibration motor and a permanent magnet (termed the active module), which can quasi-randomly rove around; and circular modules that are equipped with permanent magnets (termed passive modules). In its quasi-random movement in water, the active module picks up passive modules through magnetic attraction. The contacts between the modules induce a torque transfer from the active module to the passive modules. This results in rotational motion of the passive modules. As a consequence of the shape difference between the triangular module and the circular module, the passive modules rotate like wheels, being kept on the same edges as the active module. The motion of the active module is examined, as well as the characteristics and behavior of the self-organization process.

scholarly journals Ontological diversity in urban self-organization: Complexity, critical realism and post-structuralism

2021 ◽  
pp. 147309522199239
Author(s):  
Beitske Boonstra ◽  
Ward Rauws
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Critical Realism ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Self Awareness ◽  
Spatial Transformations ◽  
Critical Realist ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Ontological Dimension

As urban self-organization grows into a key concept in spatial planning—explaining spontaneous spatial transformations—the understandings and applications of the concept divert. This article turns to the ontological dimension of urban self-organization and scrutinizes how a critical realist and a post-structuralist ontology inspire theoretical practices, analytical tendencies, empirical readings, and subsequent planning interventions in relation to urban self-organization. This is illustrated with an example of the self-organized regeneration of a deprived street in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. With this contribution, we aim to create ontological self-awareness among planning scholars in studying urban self-organization and invite them to reflect on how their positions complement, deviate, and potentially challenge or inspire those of others. We argue that by clarifying ontological diversity in urban self-organization, theoretical practices and complexity-informed planning interventions can be further deepened and enriched.

Exploring the Self Through Algorithmic Composition

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 89-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Alsop
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Computer Technology ◽  
The Self ◽  
Musical Composition ◽  
Algorithmic Composition ◽  
Computer Algorithms ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Musical Interests ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

The author discusses his views on musical composition in the late twentieth century, focusing on the influence that communication and computer technology have had over his pursuit. He goes on to describe his use of computer-based algorithmic composition and how this particular approach enhances and refines his understanding of his own musical self-expression. He describes four computer algorithms, used in recent compositions and improvisations, that reflect his particular musical interests.

Rorty, Richard McKay (1931–2007)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Voparil
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Original Work ◽  
Political Liberalism ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cultural Tradition ◽  
Early Exposure ◽  
Traditional Philosophy ◽  
History Of ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Best known for his lively and provocative advocacy of pragmatism, Rorty was a wide-ranging and iconoclastic philosopher, whose influential, frequently decried work helped define some of the key intellectual debates of the late twentieth century. His broad training in the history of ideas, early exposure to pragmatism, and self-taught fluency in analytic philosophy combined in his landmark book, Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature (1979), to yield a profound anti-Cartesian and anti-Kantian critique of the foundationalist and representationalist assumptions of modern epistemology and metaphysics. Drawing insight and inspiration from novel juxtapositions and associations of thinkers – Wittgenstein, Heidegger, and Dewey; Quine, Sellars, and Davidson; Freud, Sartre, and Gadamer – Rorty set the terms of his decades-long project: what he called in Mirror the negative, "therapeutic" work of historicizing the purportedly timeless problems of traditional philosophy to highlight how they resulted from the adoption of contingent vocabularies, and the positive, "edifying" (1979) effort to think through what it would mean to move beyond "the entire cultural tradition which made truth…a central virtue" (1982, 35). In his most original work, Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity (1989), and across four volumes of philosophical papers and a collection of popular essays, Rorty elaborated the implications of this broader cultural and intellectual shift for our understanding of language, the self, community, politics, ethics, justice, and religion. Increasingly identifying with the pragmatist tradition, he engaged with leading philosophers around questions of truth, knowledge, justification, and relativism. Yet, the moral core of his project centered on asserting "the priority of democracy to philosophy" (1991a) and reorienting philosophical reflection away from the problems of philosophers and toward a political liberalism dedicated to the reduction of human cruelty and suffering.

Quantum dots: Self-organized and self-limiting assembly

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitri D. Vvedensky
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Semiconductor Quantum Dots ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Quantum Nanostructures ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Site Control

This article describes the self-organized and self-limiting assembly of quantum dots, with particular emphasis on III–V semiconductor quantum dots. It begins with a background on the second industrial revolution, highlighted by advances in information technology and which paved the way for the era of ‘quantum nanostructures’. It then considers the science and technology of quantum dots, followed by a discussion on methods of epitaxial growth and fabrication methodologies of semiconductor quantum dots and other supported nanostructures, including molecular beam epitaxy and metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy. It also examines self-organization in Stranski–Krastanov systems, site control of quantum dots on patterned substrates, nanophotonics with quantum dots, and arrays of quantum dots.

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