STUDIES ON CHEMICALLY SYNTHESIZED DOPED POLY(O-ANISIDINE) AND COPOLY{ANILINE-(O-ANISIDINE)}

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (23) ◽  
pp. 1461-1470 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. KONDAWAR ◽  
M. J. HEDAU ◽  
V. A. TABHANE ◽  
S. P. DONGRE ◽  
U. B. MAHATME ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Oxidation States ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Chemical Polymerization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Polymerization Method

Substituted polyaniline poly(o-anisidine) and copoly{aniline-(o-anisidine)} were synthesized by the oxidative chemical polymerization method. Sulfuric acid was used as the dopant during the polymerization process. Synthesized polymers were subjected to the spectroscopic, X-ray and thermal analysis. Formation of different oxidation states of the polymer were confirmed by the spectroscopic (UV-VIS and FTIR) analysis. Polymers reveal polycrystalline nature and orthorhombic crystal structure. Three step decomposition patterns similar to that of polyaniline are observed in the thermogram. The conductivity is found to be higher in copoly{aniline-(o-anisidine)} than poly(o-anisidine). Increase in conductivity with increasing temperature was observed in both of the polymers.

Thermal enhancement of 2H11/2→4I15/2 up-conversion luminescence of Er3+ doped K2Yb(PO4)(MoO4) phosphors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongqiang Cui ◽  
Yongze Cao ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Yuhang Zhang ◽  
Siying Ran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Solid State Reaction ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Reaction Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Thermal Enhancement

Er3+ with different concentrations doped K2Yb(PO4)(MoO4) phosphors were prepared by a solid-state reaction method, and the layered orthorhombic crystal structure of the samples was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Under...

Electron density, disorder and polymorphism: high-resolution diffraction studies of the highly polymorphic neuralgic drug carbamazepine

2016 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioana Sovago ◽  
Matthias J. Gutmann ◽  
Hans Martin Senn ◽  
Lynne H. Thomas ◽  
Chick C. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
High Resolution ◽  
Diffraction Data ◽  
Structural Formula ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Monoclinic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Space Group ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Monoclinic Crystal Structure

Analysis of neutron and high-resolution X-ray diffraction data on form (III) of carbamazepine at 100 K using the atoms in molecules (AIM) topological approach afforded excellent agreement between the experimental results and theoretical densities from the optimized gas-phase structure and from multipole modelling of static theoretical structure factors. The charge density analysis provides experimental confirmation of the partially localized π-bonding suggested by the conventional structural formula, but the evidence for any significant C—N π bonding is not strong. Hirshfeld atom refinement (HAR) gives H atom positional and anisotropic displacement parameters that agree very well with the neutron parameters. X-ray and neutron diffraction data on the dihydrate of carbemazepine strongly indicate a disordered orthorhombic crystal structure in the space groupCmca, rather than a monoclinic crystal structure in space groupP21/c. This disorder in the dihydrate structure has implications for both experimental and theoretical studies of polymorphism.

Study on Synthesis of Polypyrrole via Chemical Polymerization Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 795 ◽  
pp. 707-710 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sobhan Bahraeian ◽  
Khatereh Abron ◽  
Fatemeh Pourjafarian ◽  
Rohah A. Majid
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Sodium Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Polymerization ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Dodecylbenzene Sulfonate ◽  
Xrd Study ◽  
Polymerization Method

Conductive polypyrrole (PPy) was synthesized using a chemical polymerization method in aqueous solution. A series of reactions were carried out with different reaction times of 240 mins and 20 mins. All results were compared to find the highest conductivity and yield. The formation of PPy was verified with Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis which has detected the C-N and pyrrole stretching peaks at 1462 cm-1 and 1169 cm-1, respectively, while the x-ray diffraction (XRD) study has shown a broad halo pattern around 25 ̊ related to PPy. The PPy particles sizes of 5-20 microns were measured from the scanning electron microscope (SEM) image. It was found that in the presence of sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (DBSNa) as surfactant, the highest conductivity value of 3.18 S/cm and yield of 68% were achieved at 20 mins reaction time and temperature of 0 °C.

scholarly journals Struktur dan Sifat Dielektrik Senyawa Aurivillius CaBi3LaTi4O15 yang Disintesis dengan Teknik Hidrotermal

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Zulhadjri Zulhadjri ◽  
Firmanul Qadri Amir ◽  
Marsal Mahmud ◽  
Upita Septiani ◽  
Syukri Arief
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Aurivillius Phase ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrothermal Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Structure Morphology ◽  
Ferroelectric Transition Temperature

Synthesis of four-layer Aurivillius CaBi3LaTi4O15 has been successfully carried out by hydrothermal technique using NaOH 4 M as mineralizer. The reaction was carried out at 220 °C for 72 h. Crystal structure, morphology, and dielectric properties were analyzed in this study. X-ray diffraction confirmed that the single-phase product was successfully obtained. The refinement result shows the product has orthorhombic crystal structure with space group A21am. The morphology analyzed using SEM shows plate-like grains are observed, which is characteristic of Aurivillius phase. Dielectric curves show peaks at 585 °C which indicate ferroelectric transition temperature.

Spherulitic crystal growth in the prodissoconch larval of Crassostrea virginica

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 518-519
Author(s):  
George G. Cocks ◽  
Louis Leibovitz ◽  
DoSuk D. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Crassostrea Virginica ◽  
Crystal Orientation ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Gastrula Stage ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Stages Of Growth ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Initial Deposition

Our understanding of the structure and the formation of inorganic minerals in the bivalve shells has been considerably advanced by the use of electron microscope. However, very little is known about the ultrastructure of valves in the larval stage of the oysters. The present study examines the developmental changes which occur between the time of conception to the early stages of Dissoconch in the Crassostrea virginica(Gmelin), focusing on the initial deposition of inorganic crystals by the oysters.The spawning was induced by elevating the temperature of the seawater where the adult oysters were conditioned. The eggs and sperm were collected separately, then immediately mixed for the fertilizations to occur. Fertilized animals were kept in the incubator where various stages of development were stopped and observed. The detailed analysis of the early stages of growth showed that CaCO3 crystals(aragonite), with orthorhombic crystal structure, are deposited as early as gastrula stage(Figuresla-b). The next stage in development, the prodissoconch, revealed that the crystal orientation is in the form of spherulites.

scholarly journals Crystal Structures of New Ivermectin Pseudopolymorphs

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Kirill Shubin ◽  
Agris Bērziņš ◽  
Sergey Belyakov
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Molecular Conformation ◽  
Methyl Tert Butyl Ether ◽  
Minor Role ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Monoclinic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Structure Space

New pseudopolymorphs of ivermectin (IVM), a potential anti-COVID-19 drug, were prepared. The crystal structure for three pseudopolymorphic crystalline forms of IVM has been determined using single-crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis. The molecular conformation of IVM in crystals has been compared with the conformation of isolated molecules modeled by DFT calculations. In a solvent with relatively small molecules (ethanol), IVM forms monoclinic crystal structure (space group I2), which contains two types of voids. When crystallized from solvents with larger molecules, like γ-valerolactone (GVL) and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), IVM forms orthorhombic crystal structure (space group P212121). Calculations of the lattice energy indicate that interactions between IVM and solvents play a minor role; the main contribution to energy is made by the interactions between the molecules of IVM itself, which form a framework in the crystal structure. Interactions between IVM and molecules of solvents were evaluated using Hirshfeld surface analysis. Thermal analysis of the new pseudopolymorphs of IVM was performed by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis.

scholarly journals (R)-Baclofen [(R)-4-amino-3-(4-chlorophenyl)butanoic acid]

2022 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Feodor Belov ◽  
Alexander Villinger ◽  
Jan von Langermann
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Single Crystal ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Single Crystal Xrd ◽  
Butanoic Acid ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
Space Group ◽  
Structure Space

This article provides the first single-crystal XRD-based structure of enantiopure (R)-baclofen (form C), C10H12ClNO2, without any co-crystallized substances. In the enantiopure title compound, the molecules arrange themselves in an orthorhombic crystal structure (space group P212121). In the crystal, strong hydrogen bonds and C—H ... Cl bonds interconnect the zwitterionic molecules.

scholarly journals New Ternary Compounds of the Composition Cu2SnTi3 and Their Crystal Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (24) ◽  
pp. 8776
Author(s):  
Sheng-Fang Huang ◽  
Yen-Cheng Chang ◽  
Po-Liang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Ternary Compound ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Hexagonal Crystal Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Hexagonal Crystal ◽  
Orthorhombic Crystal Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Atomic Structures

A new ternary compound Cu2SnTi3 has been synthesized by vacuum sintering at 900 °C. The atomic structures of CaCu5- and InNi2-like Cu2SnTi3 are calculated using density functional theory methods. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and selected area diffraction (SAD) patterns of the new ternary compound Cu2SnTi3 are considered to verify the atomic structures of CaCu5- and InNi2-like Cu2SnTi3. The results reveal that the InNi2-like Cu2SnTi3 model has the lowest total energy of −35.239 eV, representing the trigonal crystal structure. The orthorhombic crystal structure of the CaCu5-like Cu2SnTi3 model has the second lowest total energy of −33.926 eV. Our theoretical X-ray diffraction peak profiles of InNi2-like (CaCu5-like) Cu2SnTi3 are nearly identical to experimental one, leading to an error below 2.0% (3.0%). In addition, the hexagonal crystal structure of the CaCu5-like Cu2SnTi3 model has the highest total energy of −33.094 eV. The stability of the Cu2SnTi3 in terms of energy follows the order: the trigonal, orthorhombic, and hexagonal crystal structure.

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