scholarly journals (j, 0) ⊕ (0, j) COVARIANT SPINORS AND CAUSAL PROPAGATORS BASED ON WEINBERG FORMALISM

1993 ◽  
Vol 02 (02) ◽  
pp. 397-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V. AHLUWALIA ◽  
D.J. ERNST
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Wave Equations ◽  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Free Particle ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Arbitrary Spin ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Particle Propagator

A pragmatic approach to constructing a covariant phenomenology of the interactions of composite high-spin hadrons is proposed. Because there are no known wave equations without significant problems, we propose to construct the phenomenology without explicit reference to a wave equation. This is done by constructing the individual pieces of a perturbation theory and then utilizing the perturbation theory as the definition of the phenomenology. The covariant spinors for a particle of spin j are constructed directly from Lorentz invariance and the basic precepts of quantum mechanics following the logic put forth originally by Wigner and developed by Weinberg. Explicit expressions for the spinors are derived for j=1, 3/2 and 2. Field operators are constructed from the spinors and the free-particle propagator is derived from the vacuum expectation value of the time-order product of the field operators. A few simple examples of model interactions are given. This provides all the necessary ingredients to treat at a phenomenological level and in a covariant manner particles of arbitrary spin.

scholarly journals FERMIONS FROM PHOTONS: BOSONIZATION OF QED IN 2+1 DIMENSIONS

1994 ◽  
Vol 09 (27) ◽  
pp. 4669-4700 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. KOVNER ◽  
P.S. KURZEPA
Keyword(s):  
Perturbation Theory ◽  
Vector Potential ◽  
Energy Momentum Tensor ◽  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Hamiltonian Formalism ◽  
Momentum Tensor ◽  
Regularization Procedure ◽  
Local Polynomial ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Chern Simons

We perform the complete bosonization of (2+1)-dimensional QED with one fermionic flavor in the Hamiltonian formalism. The Fermi operators are explicitly constructed in terms of the vector potential and the electric field. We carefully specify the regularization procedure involved in the definition of these operators, and calculate the fermionic bilinears and the energy-momentum tensor. The algebra of bilinears exhibits the Schwinger terms which also appear in perturbation theory. The bosonic Hamiltonian is a local, polynomial functional of Ai and Ei, and we check explicitly the Lorentz invariance of the resulting bosonic theory. Our construction is conceptually very similar to Mandelstam’s construction in 1+1 dimensions, and is dissimilar from the recent bosonization attempts in 2+1 dimensions, which hinge crucially on the presence of a Chern-Simons term.

Arbitrary‐Spin Wave Equations and Lorentz Invariance

1971 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 835-840 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Seetharaman ◽  
J. Jayaraman ◽  
P. M. Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Spin Wave ◽  
Wave Equations ◽  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Arbitrary Spin

scholarly journals SPONTANEOUS VIOLATION OF LORENTZ INVARIANCE AND ULTRA-HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (07) ◽  
pp. 1279-1287 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. MOFFAT
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Spontaneous Breaking ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
High Energies ◽  
Local Lorentz Invariance

We propose that local Lorentz invariance is spontaneously violated at high energies, due to a nonvanishing vacuum expectation value of a vector field ϕμ, as a possible explanation of the observation of ultra-high energy cosmic rays with an energy above the GZK cutoff. Certain consequences of spontaneous breaking of Lorentz invariance in cosmology are discussed.

RELATION BETWEEN THE ALGEBRA OF CURRENTS AND THEIR DEFINITION IN CHIRAL GAUGE THEORIES

1992 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 765-776
Author(s):  
C. FOSCO ◽  
R. C. TRINCHERO
Keyword(s):  
Charge Density ◽  
Gauge Field ◽  
Gauge Theories ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Simple Relation ◽  
Expectation Value ◽  
Covariant Gauge ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Definition Of

We consider anomalous commutators between the charge density and any component of the gauge current in chiral gauge theories. This is done using the BJL definition of commutators, and without quantizing the gauge field. We study the relation between the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of these commutators for the case of consistent and covariant gauge currents. We obtain a simple relation valid for any dimension and gauge group. This relation shows that the difference between the VEV's of the commutators for the consistent and covariant gauge currents depends only on the difference between the VEV's of the corresponding currents.

scholarly journals Linearized supergravity with a dynamical preferred frame

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Marakulin ◽  
Sergey Sibiryakov
Keyword(s):  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Timelike Vector ◽  
Chiral Vector ◽  
Model Following ◽  
Superluminal Velocity ◽  
General Action ◽  
Spatial Rotations ◽  
Local Lorentz Invariance

Abstract We study supersymmetric extension of the Einstein-aether gravitational model where local Lorentz invariance is broken down to the subgroup of spatial rotations by a vacuum expectation value of a timelike vector field called aether. Embedding aether into a chiral vector superfield, we construct the most general action which describes dynamics of linear perturbations around the Lorentz-violating vacuum and is invariant under the linearized supergravity transformations. The analysis is performed both in the off-shell non-minimal superfield formulation of supergravity and in the “on-shell” approach invoking only physical component fields. The resulting model contains a single free coupling, in addition to the standard supergravity parameters. The spectrum of physical excitations features an enhanced on-shell gravity multiplet comprising four states with helicities 2, 3/2, 3/2 and 1 propagating with superluminal velocity. The remaining excitations propagate with the speed of light. We outline the observational constraints on the model following from its low-energy phenomenology.

scholarly journals Nonlinear vacuum electrodynamics and spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (27) ◽  
pp. 2050174
Author(s):  
C. A. Escobar ◽  
R. Potting
Keyword(s):  
Lorentz Invariance ◽  
Vacuum Expectation ◽  
Vacuum Expectation Value ◽  
Lorentz Symmetry ◽  
Spontaneous Breaking ◽  
Effective Hamiltonian ◽  
First Order ◽  
Superluminal Motion ◽  
Field Fluctuations ◽  
Nonlinear Vacuum Electrodynamics

We study spontaneous breaking of Lorentz symmetry in nonlinear vacuum electrodynamics. Using a first-order formulation of the latter proposed by Plebański, we apply a Dirac constraint analysis and derive an effective Hamiltonian. We show that there exists a large class of potentials for which the effective Hamiltonian is bounded from below, while at the same time possessing local minima in which the field strength acquires a nonzero vacuum expectation value, thereby breaking Lorentz invariance spontaneously. These possible vacua can be classified in four classes, depending on the way Lorentz symmetry is broken. We show that the small field fluctuations around these vacua involve modes for which the dynamics can develop degeneracies, resulting in shock-wave-like and/or superluminal motion. Finally, we study the physical applicability of these models, and show how the Lorentz breaking vacua might in principle be detected by coupling the model to a suitable external current, or to gravity.

The Autobiographical Subject and the Death Penalty

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-187
Author(s):  
E. S. Burt
Keyword(s):  
Death Penalty ◽  
First Person ◽  
Philosophical Investigation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

Why does writing of the death penalty demand the first-person treatment that it also excludes? The article investigates the role played by the autobiographical subject in Derrida's The Death Penalty, Volume I, where the confessing ‘I’ doubly supplements the philosophical investigation into what Derrida sees as a trend toward the worldwide abolition of the death penalty: first, to bring out the harmonies or discrepancies between the individual subject's beliefs, anxieties, desires and interests with respect to the death penalty and the state's exercise of its sovereignty in applying it; and second, to provide a new definition of the subject as haunted, as one that has been, but is no longer, subject to the death penalty, in the light of the worldwide abolition currently underway.

ГЕРМЕНЕВТИКА ЛИЧНОСТИ КАК МЕТОД СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ПЕРСОНОЛОГИИ

1970 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Елена Старовойтенко
Keyword(s):  
Text Setting ◽  
Research Setting ◽  
Textual Representations ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Continuum

Персонологическая интерпретация текстов предполагает реализацию общенаучных, а также специфических для персонологии, герменевтических установок, к которым относятся: установка на интерпретацию текста как исследование, установка на разнообразие герменевтических действий с текстом, установка на выявление неисследованных содержаний текста, установка на творческое постижение тайн текста, установка на целостное отношение к личности и "Я" автора текста, установка на выявление способности автора быть "практикующим феноменологом", установка на определение места изучаемого текста в континууме текстовых репрезентаций "личности", установка на соотнесение своего понимания текста с другими интерпретациями и их интеграцию, установка на раскрытие сущности авторской "идеи личности", возможное только в единстве интерпретаций, установка на построение и применение герменевтической модели, определяющей процедуру интерпретации как исследования и творчества, установка на определение места проделанного герменевтического поиска в культуре познания и жизни личности, установка на интерпретацию различных видов "текстов личности". Personological interpretation of texts suggests the implementation of the general scientific and also hermeneutical settings specific for Personology which include the setting of the interpretation of the text as a research, setting of a variety of hermeneutical actions with the text, setting to identify unexplored contents of the text, setting of the creative comprehension of the mysteries of the text, setting of the integrity of the attitude of the individual and the "I" of the author of the text, setting to reveal the author's ability to be "practicing phenomenologist", setting of the definition of the place in the text in the continuum of textual representations of the "personality", setting in the correlation of the understanding of the text with other interpretations and their integration, setting of the disclosure of the author's "ideas person" is possible only in the unity of interpretation, setting of the construction and usage of hermeneutical models defining the procedure for the interpretation of both studies and work, the setting to determine the place of hermeneutical research in culture and knowledge of a person's life, setting of the interpretation of various types of "texts of the individual."

¿Quién soy yo? Reflexiones teórico sistémicas acerca de la indentidad individual

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31
Author(s):  
Francisco Xavier Morales
Keyword(s):  
Identity Construction ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Individual Identity ◽  
Contemporary Society ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Moral Communication ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

The problem of identity is an issue of contemporary society that is not only expressed in daily life concerns but also in discourses of politics and social movements. Nevertheless, the I and the needs of self-fulfillment usually are taken for granted. This paper offers thoughts regarding individual identity based on Niklas Luhmann’s systems theory. From this perspective, identity is not observed as a thing or as a subject, but rather as a “selfillusion” of a system of consciousness, which differentiates itself from the world, event after event, in a contingent way. As concerns the definition  of contents of self-identity, the structures of social systems define who is a person, how he or she should act, and how much esteem he or she should receive. These structures are adopted by consciousness as its own identity structures; however, some social contexts are more relevant for self-identity construction than others. Moral communication increases the probability that structure appropriation takes place, since the emotional element of identity is linked to the esteem/misesteem received by the individual from the interactions in which he or she participates.

Public Service Motivation in Buffy the Vampire Slayer

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Mastracci
Keyword(s):  
Popular Culture ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Service Motivation ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
Buffy The Vampire Slayer ◽  
The Public ◽  
American Popular Culture ◽  
Public Servant ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual

In this paper, the author examines public service as depicted in the television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer (BtVS). First, she shows how slaying meets the economist’s definition of a public good, using the BtVS episode “Flooded” (6.04). Second, she discusses public service motivation (PSM) to determine whether or not Buffy, a public servant, operates from a public service ethic. Relying on established measures and evidence from shooting scripts and episode transcripts, the author concludes Buffy is a public servant motivated by a public service ethic. In this way, BtVS informs scholarship on public service by broadening the concept of PSM beyond the public sector; prompting one to wonder whether it is located in a sector, an occupation, or in the individual. These conclusions allow the author to situate Buffy alongside other idealized public servants in American popular culture.

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