ACTIVE LEARNING WITH MISCLASSIFICATION SAMPLING BASED ON COMMITTEE

2008 ◽  
Vol 16 (supp01) ◽  
pp. 55-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
JUN LONG ◽  
JIANPING YIN ◽  
EN ZHU ◽  
WENTAO ZHAO
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Inductive Learning ◽  
Target Function ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Learning Problems ◽  
Version Space ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
Made In

Active learning is an important approach to reduce data-collection costs for inductive learning problems by sampling only the most informative instances for labeling. We focus here on the sampling criterion for how to select these most informative instances. Three contributions are made in this paper. First, in contrast to the leading sampling strategy of halving the volume of version space, we present the sampling strategy of reducing the volume of version space by more than half with the assumption of target function being chosen from nonuniform distribution over version space. Second, we propose the idea of sampling the instances that would be most possibly misclassified. Third, we develop a sampling method named CBMPMS (Committee Based Most Possible Misclassification Sampling) which samples the instances that have the largest probability to be misclassified by the current classifier. Comparing the proposed CBMPMS method with the existing active learning methods, when the classifiers achieve the same accuracy, the former method will sample fewer times than the latter ones. The experiments show that the proposed method outperforms the traditional sampling methods on most selected datasets.

scholarly journals Efficient Adaptive Sampling Methods Based on Deviation Analysis of Piecewise Cubic Spline Interpolation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Cheng ◽  
long zeng ◽  
Haoyu Jiang ◽  
Xueping Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Sampling ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Reconstruction Error ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
Surface Sampling ◽  
Cubic Spline Interpolation ◽  
Deviation Analysis

Abstract The on-machine inspection technique requires a certain manufacturing time, so it is important for a sampling approach to achieve high precision for a fixed number of inspection points. This study designs an efficient adaptive sampling method for the non-uniform rational basis spline (NURBS) curves and surfaces based on deviation analysis. For the free-form curves, it is an iterative method that is used to remove points that are less significant to the reconstruction error from the dense points on the curve. That is, the points are ranked by their maximum deviation from the theoretical curves. Different from the existing methods, a closed-form is derived to approximate the maximum deviation by analyzing the curve reconstruction method, i.e., piecewise cubic spline interpolation. The proposed method is compared with recent curve sampling methods, and the comparison results have shown that, under the same number of inspection points, the reconstruction error of the proposed method is reduced by 82%. The proposed curve sampling algorithm is then further extended to surface sampling, where the global characteristics of a surface are extracted as a series of curves on the surface. Thus, surface sampling is simplified to curve sampling in two directions. The proposed surface sampling strategy is compared with classic surface sampling methods using three representative surfaces. The results show that by using the proposed surface sampling strategy, the reconstruction error is reduced significantly. By applying our sampling method to the on-machine inspection system, the inspection accuracy can be greatly improved.

scholarly journals The Level of History Teachers’ Use Active Learning Methods and Technics

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Sefa YILDIRIM ◽  
Ozkan AKMAN ◽  
Bulent ALAGOZ
Keyword(s):  
Active Learning ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Learning Methods ◽  
History Teachers ◽  
Classical Education ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Kurt Lewin ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
New Education ◽  
Made In

An experience theory is required if the education is to be wisely carried out (John Dewey). Education is a discipline that saves lives if it is qualified, but loss of which could not be made up throughout generations if it is not qualified. The roots of society are based on the education, and educated masses and civilizations could either move into the future or could fall behind in the race of becoming civilized. The classical education notion which stays on the level of theory and is carried out, centering the teacher is being left by the developed countries and replaced with the education notion which centers the student and structures information by benefiting from experiences, thus aims to lead civilization race with citizens knowing the ways to reach the information and aware of their duties and responsibilities. While Kurt Lewin says nothing is as practical as a good theory, he also catches attention to the new education notion centering student that has changed and is changing. In this scope, the aim of this study is analyze how often active learning methods are used by history teachers through several variables. In the light of the data, after analysis results and explanations made in accordance with these results are written, the study is concluded with suggestions

Non-Probabilistic Sampling in Quantitative Clinical Research

2022 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Probability Sampling ◽  
Probabilistic Sampling ◽  
Quantitative Studies ◽  
Health Studies ◽  
Probabilistic Sample

Quantitative researchers need a probabilistic sample to generalise their findings, but research constraints often compel them to use non-probabilistic samples. The use of non-probability sampling methods in quantitative studies has therefore become a norm. Interestingly, even studies published in top-quality journals compromise best practices that the use of non-probabilistic samples requires. Based on a thorough review of relevant studies, we developed a typology of non-probability sampling methods used in quantitative health studies. An attempt was made to discuss the limit of inference under each type of non-probability sampling method. Non-probability sampling in quantitative research was also delineated as a way to maximise response rate. This study is expected to guide students and early career epidemiologists to understand how to apply non-probabilistic sampling methods in quantitative approaches and plausibly document or report their chosen methods.

Digital instruments for reporting of gastrointestinal symptoms in clinical trials: comparison of end-of-day diaries versus experience sampling method (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abraham B. Beckers ◽  
Johanna T.W. Snijkers ◽  
Zsa Zsa R.M. Weerts ◽  
Lisa Vork ◽  
Tim Klaassen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Smartphone Application ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Irritable Bowel

BACKGROUND Questionnaires are necessary tools for assessing symptoms of disorders of the brain-gut interaction in clinical trials. We previously reported on the excellent compliance to a smartphone app used as symptom diary in a randomized clinical trial in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Other sampling methods, such as the experience sampling method (ESM), are better equipped to measure symptom variability over time, provide useful information regarding possible symptom triggers and are free of ecological and recall bias. The high frequency of measurements, however, could limit the feasibility of ESM in clinical trials. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to compare compliance rates of a smartphone-based end-of-day diary and ESM for symptom assessment in irritable bowel syndrome and functional dyspepsia (FD). METHODS Data from four studies were included. Patients with IBS participated in a randomized controlled trial, which involved a smartphone end-of-day diary of 2+8 weeks (pre-treatment + treatment period), and an observational study, during which patients completed ESM assessments using a smartphone application for one week. Patients with FD participated in a randomized controlled trial, which involved a smartphone end-of-day diary of 2+12 weeks (pre-treatment + treatment period), and an observational study, during which patients completed ESM assessments using a smartphone application for one week. Compliance rates were compared between these two symptom sampling methods. RESULTS Twenty-five patients with IBS and fifteen patients with FD were included. Overall compliance rates for the end-of-day diaries were significantly higher than for ESM (IBS: 92.7% versus 69.8%, FD: 90.1% versus 61.4%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS We here demonstrate excellent compliance rates for smartphone application-based end-of-day diaries as used in two separate clinical trials. Overall compliance rates for ESM were significantly lower, rendering it more suitable for intermittent sampling periods rather than continuously during longer clinical trials.

Methodology for the design of a standard research protocol for measuring terminology usage

Terminology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean Quirion
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Critical Examination ◽  
Research Protocol ◽  
Statistical Sampling ◽  
Measurement Protocol ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Made In

Many states have undertaken language and terminology planning programmes and have reached the point where they must evaluate the progress realized up to the present time. In the case of terminology planning programmes, such an evaluation requires a method to measure the degree to which the terminology has been implanted. In this paper, a research protocol for measuring terminology implantation is presented; this protocol is based on institutional communications. First, a critical examination of prior research on the subject is made in order to identify the desired characteristics of a precise, scientific measurement protocol. It is an accepted postulate that the constitution of a representative corpus forms the basis of a solution. Statistical sampling methods have been adapted in order to design a measurement protocol that respects the above conditions. The paper concludes with an overview of the results of a terminology implantation survey carried out using the research protocol presented; the survey concerns transportation terminology. This overview is followed by a brief discussion of the future possibilities offered by the scientific measurement of terminology implantation.

Sampling Methods and Frozen Storage of Samples for Detection of Campylobacter jejuni on Freshly Processed Broiler Carcasses

1983 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 510-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. C. BLANKENSHIP ◽  
S. E. CRAVEN ◽  
J. Y. CHIU ◽  
G. W. KRUMM
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Test Tube ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Defibrinated Sheep Blood ◽  
Cryoprotective Agents ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Sampling Locations

Swab, rinse and excision sampling methods are commonly used for detection of microorganisms on poultry carcasses. Swabbing has been the most frequently reported sampling method for Campylobacter jejuni on poultry. We evaluated the three methods for C. jejuni detection on freshly processed poultry in the following ways: (a) the interior and exterior surfaces of half of a carcass were each thoroughly rubbed with separate swabs which were combined in a test tube containing 2 ml of appropriate medium; (b) 25 g of skin and tissue samples from neck and abdominal opening cut areas were deposited in a stomacher bag with 5 ml of brucella broth (BB) and stomached for 2 min; and (c) half carcasses were shaken for 1 min with 100 ml BB in plastic bags. One drop of each sample was streaked for isolation on brucella agar containing 10% defibrinated sheep blood and Skirrow antibiotics. Isolates were identified by microscopy and appropriate cultural tests. All three sampling techniques were essentially equivalent for detection of C. jejuni on fresh carcasses. However, when samples were stored frozen for 7 to 10 d to simulate transport conditions from sampling locations to the laboratory, the incidence of detection was significantly reduced. Use of cryoprotective agents was an effective method to preserve swab samples during frozen storage.

Participative Management of Employees in Decision-Making: An Empirical Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
B. Ravi Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Empirical Study ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Steel Plant ◽  
Participative Management ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Labour Policy

Participative management of employees in decision-making is considered as a mechanism where workers have a say in the decision making process of an organization. In India WPM is an element of government labour policy. The concept behind this is to improve better relations among employees and workers. The present paper tries to explore about the workers participation in management in Visakhapatnam Steel Plant (VSP) by considering 604 respondent employees of steel plant in order to know their opinions regarding the above mentioned topics by using convenient sampling method, because VSP is big organization consisting of more than 20,000 employees (Both Permanent and Contract). All the employees are busy at their work and it will be difficult to collect the first hand information from the employees by using any other sampling methods except convenient sampling method.

Body Measurement of Reared Red Sea Bream Using Stereo Vision

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuyoshi Komeyama ◽  
Tatsuya Tanaka ◽  
Takeharu Yamaguchi ◽  
Shigeru Asaumi ◽  
Shinsuke Torisawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Sea Bream ◽  
Physical Injury ◽  
Red Sea Bream ◽  
Aquaculture Management

For aquaculture management, aquaculture farmers require a new, inexpensive device that can obtain the size of a fish without touching them, replacing the conventional spoon-net sampling method. Conventional sampling involves the risks of physical injury and mental stress to the fish, which may affect their growth rate and mortality. Therefore, we developed methods for monitoring the size of fish, considering red sea bream (RSB) aquaculture, using commercially available cameras. This study evaluates the sample size using the estimated mean fork length value in a cage, and its value is approximately 20 samples with a 2% error rate for a fork length of greater than 30 cm. We measured the fish fork length under water in the cage using both stereo vision and net-sampling methods simultaneously. The examination demonstrated that for RSB aquaculture, the estimated values of fork length from the two methods have no statistical difference. This result implies that our stereo vision system can be effectively applied to monitor RSB growth.

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