Coastal aquaculture management of research and development coastal aquaculture center region 3, Takhianthong Subdistrict, Kanchanadit District, Surat Thani Province, Thailand

The objectives of this research were: 1) to study the management of coastal aquaculture at the Coastal Aquaculture Research and Development Center, Region 3, Surat Thani Province; 2) study problems and obstacles in aquaculture management. 3) Guidelines for the development of aquaculture management. This research used both qualitative and quantitative methods simultaneously. The sample consisted of 60 people, and a categorical randomisation method was used. The qualitative method used a focus group and selected five key informants specifically. The research instruments used include questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The Quantitative data analysis used statistics such as; mean, percentage and standard deviation. The results showed that the overall opinion on the management of coastal aquaculture Research and Development Center, Region 3 (Surat Thani) was at a high level with a mean of 4.03. The qualitative research method used in-depth interviews with the sample groups; it was found that coastal aquaculture management can be of two types: 1) The government sector co-ordinates with some agencies and organizations to seek the people’s opinions in unity, which shows a direct collaboration with the government, hence opening room for mutual understanding. Both in terms of giving information, problem-solving, expression of opinion, and joint decision.

Biofilm Interaction Mapping and Analysis (BIMA) of Interspecific Interactions in Pseudomonas Co-culture Biofilms

Pseudomonas species are ubiquitous in nature and include numerous medically, agriculturally and technologically beneficial strains of which the interspecific interactions are of great interest for biotechnologies. Specifically, co-cultures containing Pseudomonas stutzeri have been used for bioremediation, biocontrol, aquaculture management and wastewater denitrification. Furthermore, the use of P. stutzeri biofilms, in combination with consortia-based approaches, may offer advantages for these processes. Understanding the interspecific interaction within biofilm co-cultures or consortia provides a means for improvement of current technologies. However, the investigation of biofilm-based consortia has been limited. We present an adaptable and scalable method for the analysis of macroscopic interactions (colony morphology, inhibition, and invasion) between colony-forming bacterial strains using an automated printing method followed by analysis of the genes and metabolites involved in the interactions. Using Biofilm Interaction Mapping and Analysis (BIMA), these interactions were investigated between P. stutzeri strain RCH2, a denitrifier isolated from chromium (VI) contaminated soil, and 13 other species of pseudomonas isolated from non-contaminated soil. One interaction partner, Pseudomonas fluorescens N1B4 was selected for mutant fitness profiling of a DNA-barcoded mutant library; with this approach four genes of importance were identified and the effects on interactions were evaluated with deletion mutants and mass spectrometry based metabolomics.

Exposure to Oxy-Tetracycline Changes Gut Bacterial Community Composition in Rainbow Trout: A Preliminary Study

The extensive use of antibiotics is evident in most of the livestock and aquaculture management for inhibiting pathogen infection. Korean aquaculture depends on the usage of oxy-tetracycline for growing rainbow trout. Hence, this study was conducted to evaluate the changes in gut bacterial community profiles of rainbow trout exposed to oxy-tetracycline and predict the metabolic functioning of the bacterial community. The gut bacterial community composition of oxy-tetracycline treated fish was assessed by amplicon sequencing targeting the 16S rRNA gene of bacteria and comparing with the control group that did not receive any antibiotic. The principle coordinate analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis had shown two distinct clusters that implies the changes in community composition. In phyla level, the relative abundances of Tenericutes and Firmicutes were observed to be significantly higher in oxy-tetracycline treated fish compared to the control. Furthermore, the prediction based metabolic profiling revealed the processes that are affected due to the shift in community profiles. For example, metabolic functioning of membrane efflux system, amino acid metabolism and glycolysis were significantly higher in oxy-tetracycline treated fish compared to the control. This study describes alteration in gut bacterial community composition and potential metabolic profiles of the community that might be responsible for surviving in antibiotic rich environment.

Training of specialists in the field of “Fishing and aquaculture” at the Kyrgyz National Agrarian University named after K. I. Skryabin

The purpose of the article is to highlight the process of creating opportunities for training fish farmers in the Kyrgyz Republic. Now fish farming is developing successfully in the country, the issue of training specialists in this economic sector is relevant, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Finland provides financial support, and the specialists from the University of Eastern Finland participate in resolving this issue. The article outlines the problems of opening a new direction of training “Fisheries and Aquaculture” at the K. I. Skryabin Kyrgyz National Agrarian University (KNAU). For this, curricula have been developed to train specialists on two directions: specialists with a bachelor’s degree in fisheries and aquaculture management, and fish breeder technicians, whose training will be carried out by the college. The curriculum includes cycles of subjects for the study of humanitarian and socio-economic disciplines, mathematical and natural science disciplines of the professional cycle; it defines goals, course content, a form of study and assessment for each subject; the complexity (number of credits) of the subject is determined. The article shows the process of formation of the direction and training of specialists in the field of fish farming. The authors of the article are members of a team of teachers who have been trained as future teachers of fish farming subjects. The article highlights the process of interaction of specialists of the University of Eastern Finland with the administration and teachers of KNAU in the FishEdu project. The result of this interaction was the opening of the direction “Fishing and Aquaculture” at KNAU and the specialty “Fish Breeder Technician” (in college).

Reducing publication delay to improve the efficiency and impact of conservation science

Evidence-based decision-making is most effective with comprehensive access to scientific studies. If studies face significant publication delays or barriers, the useful information they contain may not reach decision-makers in a timely manner. This represents a potential problem for mission-oriented disciplines where access to the latest data is required to ensure effective actions are undertaken. We sought to analyse the severity of publication delay in conservation science—a field that requires urgent action to prevent the loss of biodiversity. We used the Conservation Evidence database to assess the length of publication delay (time from finishing data collection to publication) in the literature that tests the effectiveness of conservation interventions. From 7,447 peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed studies of conservation interventions published over eleven decades, we find that the raw mean publication delay was 3.2 years (±2SD = 0.1) and varied by conservation subject. A significantly shorter delay was observed for studies focused on Bee Conservation, Sustainable Aquaculture, Management of Captive Animals, Amphibian Conservation, and Control of Freshwater Invasive Species (Estimated Marginal Mean range from 1.4–1.9 years). Publication delay was significantly shorter for the non-peer-reviewed literature (Estimated Marginal Mean delay of 1.9 years ± 0.2) compared to the peer-reviewed literature (i.e., scientific journals; Estimated Marginal Mean delay of 3.0 years ± 0.1). We found publication delay has significantly increased over time (an increase of ~1.2 years from 1912 (1.4 years ± 0.2) to 2020 (2.6 years ± 0.1)), but this change was much weaker and non-significant post-2000s; we found no evidence for any decline. There was also no evidence that studies on more threatened species were subject to a shorter delay—indeed, the contrary was true for mammals, and to a lesser extent for birds. We suggest a range of possible ways in which scientists, funders, publishers, and practitioners can work together to reduce delays at each stage of the publication process.