A PILOT STUDY IN DIFFERENT UNSTABLE DESIGNS ON THE BIOMECHANICAL EFFECT OF GAIT CHARACTERISTICS

The purpose of this study was to compare kinematics and kinetics during walking for healthy subjects using unstable shoes with different designs. Ten subjects participated in this study, and foot biomechanical data during walking were quantified using motion analysis system and a force plate. Data were collected for unstable shoes condition after accommodation period of one week. With soft material added in the heel region, the peak impact force was effectively reduced when compared among similar shapes. In addition, the soft material added in the rocker bottom showed more to be in dorsiflexed position during the initial stance. The shoe with three rocker curves design reduced the contact area in the heel strike, which may result in increasing human body forward speed. Further studies shall be carried out after adapting to long periods of wearing unstable shoes.

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LOWER EXTREMITIES BIOMECHANICS OF REGULAR STAIR CLIMBING: SLIM VERSUS OBESE

Biomedical Engineering Applications Basis and Communications ◽

10.4015/s1016237215500362 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 27 (04) ◽

pp. 1550036

Author(s):

Sami Almashaqbeh ◽

Bahaa Al-Sheikh ◽

Wan Abu Bakar Wan Abas ◽

Noor Azuan Abu Osman

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Force Plate ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Frontal Plane ◽

Stair Climbing ◽

Knee Adduction Moment ◽

Obese People ◽

Gait Characteristics ◽

Flexion Moment ◽

Analysis System

The kinematic and kinetic differences between obese and slim people when climbing a staircase at their self-selected speed are compared. A four-step wooden stair instrumented with two force plates were used as the action platform whilst the kinematic and kinetic recordings were collected and analyzed using a six-camera and two-force plate three-dimensional motion analysis system. Ten obese adults, six males and four females, and ten lean adults, six males and four females, volunteered for the study. The results showed that the obese people are able to reduce the knee joint flexion moment when climbing stair compared to the normal slim people. In the frontal plane, no significant differences were found in the knee adduction moment. Moreover, obese individuals have identified some kinematics adaptations including slower velocity and longer stance phase, compared to slim individuals. The obese individuals might adjust their gait characteristics in response to their heavy bodies to reduce or maintain the same load on the knee joint as slim individuals.

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An Appropriate Criterion Reveals that Low Pass Filtering Can Improve the Estimation of Counter-movement Jump Height from Force Plate Data

Measurement in Physical Education and Exercise Science ◽

10.1080/1091367x.2021.1906253 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Brendan L. Pinto ◽

Jack P. Callaghan

Keyword(s):

Force Plate ◽

Jump Height ◽

Counter Movement Jump ◽

Low Pass ◽

Force Plate Data

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Quantitative Evaluation of the Walking Performance of the Horse Using Force Plate Data Analysis

Biomechanics: Basic and Applied Research ◽

10.1007/978-94-009-3355-2_16 ◽

1987 ◽

pp. 153-158 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. W. Merkens ◽

H. C. Schamhardt

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Quantitative Evaluation ◽

Force Plate ◽

Walking Performance ◽

Force Plate Data

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Detection of swing heel-off event in gait initiation using force-plate data

Gait & Posture ◽

10.1016/j.gaitpost.2012.08.011 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 463-466 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

T. Caderby ◽

E. Yiou ◽

N. Peyrot ◽

B. Bonazzi ◽

G. Dalleau

Keyword(s):

Force Plate ◽

Gait Initiation ◽

Force Plate Data

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Navicula Drop Test Ad Modum Brody

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association ◽

10.7547/1020034 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 102 (1) ◽

pp. 34-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Michael Skovdal Rathleff ◽

Rasmus Gottschalk Nielsen ◽

Uwe G. Kersting

Keyword(s):

Treadmill Walking ◽

Heel Strike ◽

Clinical Test ◽

Start Position ◽

Foot Motion ◽

Foot Pronation ◽

Analysis System ◽

Asymptomatic Individuals ◽

Dynamic Measures ◽

And Function

Background: Understanding foot motion and function during activity is essential for clinicians because different foot types may require different treatment or rehabilitation strategies. Brody introduced the static navicular drop (ND) test, which was meant as a quick clinical test to estimate foot pronation during dynamic conditions. However, how well static ND predicts dynamic ND during walking has never been investigated. The purpose of this study was to investigate how well static ND corresponds to dynamic measures of ND during treadmill walking. Methods: A custom video analysis system was used to assess dynamic ND during treadmill walking. The ND test ad modum Brody was used to evaluate static ND. Results: Static ND showed a significant correlation with dynamic ND (r = 0.357, r2 = 0.127, P < .001). Navicular height at heel strike demonstrated a significant correlation with navicular height at the start position of static ND (r = 0.756, r2 = 0.571 P < .001). Minimal navicular height during walking was significantly correlated with the end position of static ND (r = 0.951, r2 = 0.904, P < .001). Conclusions: This study of asymptomatic individuals did not confirm that static ND can be used to individually predict dynamic ND during treadmill walking. It was demonstrated that the start position of Brody’s test is not well correlated with navicular height at heel strike, with this being the main reason for the weak relationship between static and dynamic ND measures. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 102(1): 34–38, 2012)

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Shock Absorbency of Factors in the Shoe/Heel Interaction—With Special Focus on Role of the Heel Pad

Foot & Ankle ◽

10.1177/107110078900900607 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 294-299 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Uffe Jørgensen ◽

Finn Bojsen-Møller

Keyword(s):

Force Plate ◽

Heel Strike ◽

Overuse Injuries ◽

Special Focus ◽

Shock Absorption ◽

Ethyl Vinyl ◽

Shock Absorbers ◽

Heel Pad ◽

Eva Foam

The heel pad acts as a shock absorber in walking and in heel-strike running. In some patients, a reduction of its shock-absorbing capacity has been connected to the development of overuse injuries. In this article, the shock absorption of the heel pad as well as external shock absorbers are studied. Individual variation and the effect of trauma and confinement on the heel pad were specifically investigated. Drop tests, imitating heel impacts, were performed on a force plate. The test specimens were cadaver heel pads (n = 10); the shoe sole component consisted of ethyl vinyl acetate (EVA) foam and Sorbothane inserts. The shock absorption was significantly greater in the heel pad than in the external shock absorbers. The mean heel pad shock absorption was 1.1 times for EVA foam and 2.1 times for Sorbothane. The shock absorption varied by as much as 100% between heel pads. Trauma caused a decrease in the heel pad shock absorbency (24%), whereas heel pad confinement increased the shock absorbency (49% in traumatized heel pads and 29.5% in nontraumatized heel pads). These findings provide a biomechanical rationale for the clinical observations of a correlation between heel pad shock absorbency loss and heel strike-dependent overuse injuries. To increase shock absorbency, confinement of the heel pad should be attempted in vivo.

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Biomechanics of Regular and Lateral Stair Climbing

Volume 2: Biomedical and Biotechnology ◽

10.1115/imece2012-85503 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

S. F. Almashqbeh

Keyword(s):

Motion Analysis ◽

Force Plate ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Stair Climbing ◽

Motion Analysis System ◽

Analysis System ◽

The Right

The kinematic and kinetic differences between two styles of stair climbing, namely regular stair climbing (RSC) and lateral stair climbing (LSC), was studied. A four-step wooden stair instrumented with two force plates was used as the action platform. The kinematic and kinetic recordings were collected using a 6-camera, 2-force plate commercial three-dimensional motion analysis system. The LSC activity was subdivided into LSCL activity, where the right leg was the leading leg, and LSCT.

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INVESTIGATION OF WEIGHT-BEARING SYMMETRY IN A GROUP OF ATHLETES WITH LOW BACK PAIN AND HEALTHY PEOPLE DURING GAIT

Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology ◽

10.1142/s0219519417500865 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (05) ◽

pp. 1750086 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MEISSAM SADEGHISANI ◽

VAHID SOBHANI ◽

MAJID MOHSENI KABIR ◽

ALI ASNAASHARI ◽

PEYMAN RAHMANI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Low Back Pain ◽

Back Pain ◽

Weight Bearing ◽

Force Plate ◽

Healthy People ◽

Heel Strike ◽

Control Group ◽

Low Back ◽

Mean Values

The asymmetrical loading applied to legs was proposed as a risk factor for low back pain development. However, this proposed mechanical risk factor was not investigated in the athletes with LBP engaged in rotational demand activities. The aim of the present study was to examine symmetry of weight-bearing in patients with rotational demand activities compared to that in healthy people during gait. In total, 35 subjects, 15 males with LBP and 20 males without LBP, participated in the study. The participants were asked to walk 12 trials in gait lab. Forces applied to legs were recorded by a force plate. Then, the peaks of anteroposterior, mediolateral, and vertical forces were measured. Next, the asymmetrical loads applied to the legs were calculated. The results of our study demonstrated that people with LBP exhibit more asymmetry of vertical peak forces in heel strike and mid-stance. They also exhibited more asymmetry of loading in the anterior direction. But the mean values of ASI of mediolateral and posterior forces in these participants were not significantly different compared to those in the control group. It can be concluded that, in comparison to the healthy subjects, patients with LBP walk with a greater magnitude of asymmetrical weight-bearing at a comfortable speed.

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Comparison of Endpoint Data Treatment Methods for the Estimation of Kinematics and Kinetics Near Impact During the Tennis Serve

Journal of Applied Biomechanics ◽

10.1123/jab.28.1.93 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 93-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

M. M. Reid ◽

Amity C. Campbell ◽

B. C. Elliott

Keyword(s):

Upper Limb ◽

Treatment Method ◽

Biomechanical Analysis ◽

Quintic Spline ◽

Tennis Serve ◽

Analysis System ◽

Endpoint Data ◽

Spline Filter ◽

The Impact ◽

Kinematics And Kinetics

Tennis stroke mechanics have attracted considerable biomechanical analysis, yet current filtering practice may lead to erroneous reporting of data near the impact of racket and ball. This research had three aims: (1) to identify the best method of estimating the displacement and velocity of the racket at impact during the tennis serve, (2) to demonstrate the effect of different methods on upper limb kinematics and kinetics and (3) to report the effect of increased noise on the most appropriate treatment method. The tennis serves of one tennis player, fit with upper limb and racket retro-reflective markers, were captured with a Vicon motion analysis system recording at 500 Hz. The raw racket tip marker displacement and velocity were used as criterion data to compare three different endpoint treatments and two different filters. The 2nd-order polynomial proved to be the least erroneous extrapolation technique and the quintic spline filter was the most appropriate filter. The previously performed “smoothing through impact” method, using a quintic spline filter, underestimated the racket velocity (9.1%) at the time of impact. The polynomial extrapolation method remained effective when noise was added to the marker trajectories.

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