BIOMECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF MESHES FOLLOWING IMPLANTATION IN THE RAT ABDOMINAL WALL MODEL

The objective of our study was to (1) evaluate mesh strength and collagen incorporation after 4 and 12 weeks of implantation in a rat abdominal wall model and (2) determine the relationship between collagen deposition and mechanical strength of a chitosan-coated polypropylene mesh. We implanted 0.5% chitosan-coated polypropylene mesh (PPM), collagen-coated PPM (PelvitexTM; C.R. Bard), and PPM (Avaulta Solo[Formula: see text]; C.R. Bard) using a rat abdominal defect model. Mechanical properties were determined from uniaxial tensile testing and collagen deposition of each mesh was evaluated 4 and 12 weeks post-implantation. We found that after implantation, the neo tissue of Ch-PPM is stiffer than the commercially available meshes. We also observed no significant difference in the ratio of collagen types I/III between mesh samples at 4 weeks or 12 weeks. We found no relationship between the ratio of collagen types I/III and the mechanical strength of mesh samples after implantation. The increased stiffness with chitosan coating could be due to increased muscle tissue ingrowth.

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How safe is the use of prosthetic materials in the repair of abdominal-wall defects in malnourished subjects?

Open Medicine ◽

10.2478/s11536-009-0029-2 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 331-336 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mehmet Karahan ◽

Hakan Kulacoglu ◽

Duray Seker ◽

Zafer Ergul ◽

Aysel Kiziltay ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wound Healing ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Polypropylene Mesh ◽

Histopathological Examination ◽

Abdominal Wall Defect ◽

Infectious Complications ◽

Abdominal Wall Defects ◽

Tissue Samples ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Histopathological Studies

AbstractIncisional hernias and abdominal-wall defects consume large amounts of healthcare resources. Use of mesh is effective in treatment of these disorders and can decrease the rate of recurrence. This experimental study focused on the safety of mesh use in the setting of malnutrition, a condition that impairs wound healing. Rats were divided into two groups: normally fed and food-restricted. An abdominal-wall defect, 2 by 2 cm, was covered with polypropylene mesh, 2.5 by 2.5 cm. After sacrifice of the rats at the 21st and 60th days, tissue samples were sent for tensiometric and histopathological studies. No significant difference in infectious complications was observed between the two groups. Tensiometry revealed no significant differences between the groups. On histopathological examination, the only difference noted was in the vascularization scores of normally fed rats. For malnourished subjects that survived after surgery, the use of polypropylene mesh appeared safe in the closure of abdominal-wall defects, with no increase in infection rate and satisfactory wound healing.

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Biomechanical and Elastographic Analysis of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Treated Tissue Following Surgery

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.4001382 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 132 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hazel Marie ◽

Yong Zhang ◽

Jeremy Heffner ◽

Heath A. Dorion ◽

Diana L. Fagan

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Property ◽

Tensile Test ◽

Tensile Testing ◽

Recovery Period ◽

Strain Analysis ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Uniaxial Tensile ◽

Uniaxial Tensile Test ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Uniaxial Tensile Testing

Hernia repair continues to be a problem facing surgeons today, particularly because of the high incidence of reoccurrence. This work presents preliminary data of a pioneering effort to investigate the effect of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) on mechanical property enhancement in full thickness fascial defects. Heparinized MSCs harvested from a rabbit’s tibia/iliac crest were applied to two fascial defects on the rabbit’s abdominal wall, with two other defects acting as controls (no MSCs added). After an 8 week recovery period, the entire abdominal fascia was harvested for mechanical property testing and elastographic strain analysis. Preliminary results from uniaxial tensile testing indicate a significant increase in the modulus of toughness strain energy, with at least a 50% increase in the MSC treated defects as compared with the control defects. Results from the elastographic strain analysis show excellent correlation in the calibration of the elastography to the uniaxial tensile test, with nearly identical moduli of elasticity. In addition, the elastographs clearly show tissue property heterogeneity at all stages of tensile testing. The MSC treated tissue demonstrates promise of enhanced material properties over that of the nontreated tissue; testing and analysis is ongoing. The elastography provides pixel-level description of tissue property variations providing critical information on wound healing effectiveness that would be impossible with other methods. In the ongoing research, optical elastography, in combination with the traditional tensile test and tissue histology, will be used to characterize localized biomechanical properties directly within the defect area and to locate “crack” initiation and propagation sights as the material is strained to rupture.

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Mechanical Strength of Scaphoid Fixation

Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) ◽

10.1016/s0266-7681(96)80021-0 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 99-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

M. L. NEWPORT ◽

C. D. WILLIAMS ◽

W. D. BRADLEY

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Strength ◽

Failure Mode ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Failure Strength ◽

Cannulated Screws ◽

Compression Screw ◽

Universal Compression ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Ultimate Failure ◽

Cantilever Bending

We have investigated five devices suitable for scaphoid fixation (ASIF 2.7 mm and 3.5 mm cannulated screws, Herbert, Herbert-Whipple, and Howmedica Universal Compression Screw). The biomechanical properties tested were compression and resistance to cantilever bending. There was no statistically significant difference in compression between devices. There were significant differences in resistance to cantilever bending, with the Howmedica screw being strongest in both failure mode and in ultimate failure strength.

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Comparative analysis of autodermal graft and polypropylene mesh use in large incisional hernia defects reconstruction

Vojnosanitetski pregled ◽

10.2298/vsp1302182s ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (2) ◽

pp. 182-188 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Danilo Stojiljkovic ◽

Predrag Kovacevic ◽

Milan Visnjic ◽

Irena Jankovic ◽

Goran Stevanovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Incisional Hernia ◽

Hospital Stay ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Polypropylene Mesh ◽

Synthetic Mesh ◽

Abdominal Wall Defects ◽

Tension Free ◽

Large Incisional Hernia ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Duration Of Surgery

Background. Large defects of the abdominal wall caused by incisional hernia still represent a challenging problem in plastic, reconstructive, and abdominal surgery. For their successful tension-free repair a proper selection of reconstructive material is essential. In the last decades, the use of synthetic meshes was dominant while biological autodermal grafts were rarely used. The aim of the study was to comparatively analyse efficacy and safety of autodermal graft and polypropylene mesh in surgical treatment of large abdominal wall defects. Methods. This prospective comparative clinical study enroled 40 patients surgically treated for large incisional hernia repair in a 10-year period. The patients were divided into two equal groups consisting of 20 subjects and treated either by biological autodermal graft or by synthetic polypropylene mesh. The surgical techniques of reconstruction, duration of surgery, the occurrence of early, minor, and major (severe) and delyed complications and hospital stay were analyzed. The average follow-up took 2 years. Results. Statistically significant differences in demographic characteristics of patients and in size of defects were not found. The surgical technique of reconstruction with an autodermal graft was more complicated. The duration of surgery in patients treated with autodermal grafts was significantly longer. There was no statistically significant difference regarding occurrence of early, minor postoperative complications and hospital stay in our study. Two severe complications were registered in the synthetic mesh group: intestinal obstruction and enterocutaneous fistula. The recurrence rate was 10% in the autodermal graft group and 15% in the group with a synthetic mesh. Conclusion. Tension-free repair of large incisional hernia with autodermal grafts was unjustly neglected despite the fact that it is safe and effective. It can be applied in all cases where synthetic mesh are not indicated (presence of infection, immunodeficient patients, after radiotherapy). They are especially important in war surgery and in lack of funds when commercial grafts cannot be purchased.

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Effects of Chemical and Radiation Sterilisation on the Biological and Biomechanical Properties of Decellularised Porcine Peripheral Nerves

Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology ◽

10.3389/fbioe.2021.660453 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

James D. R. Holland ◽

Georgina Webster ◽

Paul Rooney ◽

Stacy-Paul Wilshaw ◽

Louise M. Jennings ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gamma Radiation ◽

Peripheral Nerves ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Uniaxial Tensile ◽

Collagen Type Iv ◽

Membrane Composition ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Type Iv ◽

Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽

Histological Staining

There is a clinical need for novel graft materials for the repair of peripheral nerve defects. A decellularisation process has been developed for porcine peripheral nerves, yielding a material with potentially significant advantages over other devices currently being used clinically (such as autografts and nerve guidance conduits). Grafts derived from xenogeneic tissues should undergo sterilisation prior to clinical use. It has been reported that sterilisation methods may adversely affect the properties of decellularised tissues, and therefore potentially negatively impact on the ability to promote tissue regeneration. In this study, decellularised nerves were produced and sterilised by treatment with 0.1% (v/v) PAA, gamma radiation (25–28 kGy) or E Beam (33–37 kGy). The effect of sterilisation on the decellularised nerves was determined by cytotoxicity testing, histological staining, hydroxyproline assays, uniaxial tensile testing, antibody labelling for collagen type IV, laminin and fibronectin in the basal lamina, and differential scanning calorimetry. This study concluded that decellularised nerves retained biocompatibility following sterilisation. However, sterilisation affected the mechanical properties (PAA, gamma radiation), endoneurial structure and basement membrane composition (PAA) of decellularised nerves. No such alterations were observed following E Beam treatment, suggesting that this method may be preferable for the sterilisation of decellularised porcine peripheral nerves.

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Biomechanical Characteristics of Light Synthetic Materials for Hernioplasty (Experimental Study)

Vestnik of Experimental and Clinical Surgery ◽

10.18499/2070-478x-2018-11-3-154-160 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 154-160 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Boris Semenovich Sukovatykh ◽

Andrey Alexeevich Netiaga ◽

Yuri Yurievich Blinkov ◽

Yuri Yurievich Polevoy ◽

Valery Anatolievich Zhukovskii

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Wall ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Breaking Load ◽

Control Series ◽

Connective Tissue Capsule ◽

Synthetic Materials ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

Tissue Capsule

Importance of the topic. One of the directions of improving hernioplasty efficiency with the use of light synthetic materials is including the strengthening zones in their structure. Purpose. To compare functional effectiveness of the light and the light strengthened polypropylene endoprostheses for hernioplasty on the base of studying biomechanical characteristics of anterior abdominal wall tissues after their implantation in experiment. Materials and methods. Experimental studies were conducted on 36 rabbits of “chinchilla” breed. All animals were divided into 2 series of experiments. In the first (control) series the light polypropylene endoprosthesis was implanted, while in the second (experimental) series there was used a new cancellated endoprosthesis from monofilamentous polypropylene, consisting of the basic and strengthened zones in the form of horizontally located, alternating with each other monothreads of the higher thickness. Pathomorphological changes and biomechanical properties of the abdominal wall tissues were studied macroscopically in the experiment by implantation of endoprostheses in onlay position on the 7th, 30th and 90th days. Results and their discussion. There was proved that in direction of the loop column as well as in the loop row after implantation of the studied materials breaking load increased from the 7th to the 90th day of experiment, that was related to the formation of the connective tissue capsule around materials. The light strengthened endoprosthesis was more durable and stronger in 1,6 times compare to the light analog at all stages of observation. Along the loop column there was no significant difference detected. In both series of experiment in the direction of the loop column as well as in loop row the reduction of sample lengthening took place. Along the loop column indicators of lengthening, characterizing elasticity of the prosthesis aponeurosis, in the series of the light strengthened endoprosthesis were 1,4-1,6 times lower than in its light analog. Along the loop row there was no significant difference of indicators. Conclusion. Introduction of the strengthened zones in a light endoprosthesis increases its durability with preservation of the material’s elasticity.

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Use of the amniotic membrane to cover the peritoneal cavity in the reconstruction of the abdominal wall with polypropylene mesh in rats

Revista do Colégio Brasileiro de Cirurgiões ◽

10.1590/0100-69912015001010 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 49-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Rafael Calvão Barbuto ◽

Ivana Duval de Araujo ◽

Daniel de Oliveira Bonomi ◽

Luciene Simões de Assis Tafuri ◽

Antônio Calvão Neto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Wall ◽

Amniotic Membrane ◽

Polypropylene Mesh ◽

Control Group ◽

Angiogenic Activity ◽

Microscopic Evaluation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Female Wistar Rats ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the efficacy of the amniotic membrane used with polypropylene mesh against the formation of adhesions and its influence on healing. METHODS: twenty five female Wistar rats were anesthetized for creating a parietal defect in the anterior abdominal wall. Its correction was made with polypropylene mesh alone and associated with amniotic membrane. In the control group (n=11), the screen was inserted alone. In group A (n=7) we interposed the amniotic membrane between the screen and the abdominal wall. In group B, the amniotic membrane was placed on the mesh, covering it. After seven days, the animals were euthanized for macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of healing. RESULTS: adhesions were observed in all animals except one in the control group. Severe inflammation was observed in all animals in groups A and B and in three of the control group, with significant difference between them (A and B with p=0.01). Pronounced angiogenic activity was noted in one animal in the control group, six in group A and four in group B, with a significant difference between the control group and group A (p=0.002) and group B (p=0.05). The scar collagen was predominantly mature, except in five animals of the control group, with significant difference between the control group and group A (p=0.05) and group B (p=0.05). CONCLUSION: The amniotic membrane did not alter the formation of adhesions in the first postoperative week. There were also pronounced inflammation, high angiogenic activity and predominance of mature collagen fibers, regardless of the anatomical plane that it was inserted in.

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Biomechanical properties of the rectovaginal fascia. Is it really a fascia?

Urogynaecologia ◽

10.4081/uij.2011.e11 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 11

Author(s):

Karin Glavind ◽

Janus Bo Jespersen ◽

Mikkel Seyer-Hansen

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Mechanical Strength ◽

Mechanical Testing ◽

Biomechanical Properties ◽

Abdominal Hysterectomy ◽

Collagen Content ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Testing And Measurement ◽

Abdominal Fascia

Background. The aim of this study was to find out whether the rectovaginal fascia was really a true fascia by comparing the mechanical properties and collagen content of the rectovaginal fascia in women operated for rectoceles to the abdominal fascia in patients having an abdominal hysterectomy. Materials and Methods. Thirty patients were included. During operation for rectocele or hysterectomy a biopsy measuring 8 x 15 mm was taken from the rectovaginal fascia or abdominal fascia. Mechanical testing and measurement of collagen content was performed. Results. A significant difference in mechanical strength of the tissue was found. If, however, the strength was corrected for collagen content there was no difference between the two groups. Conclusion. The quality of collagen was comparable in the two groups. This adds further evidence to the existence of a distinct rectovaginal fascia.

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Nitric oxide modulates metalloproteinase-2, collagen deposition and adhesion rate after polypropylene mesh implantation in the intra-abdominal wall

Acta Biomaterialia ◽

10.1016/j.actbio.2011.08.004 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 108-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Ana I.S. Moretti ◽

Francisco J.P. Souza Pinto ◽

Vivian Cury ◽

Marcia C. Jurado ◽

Wagner Marcondes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Abdominal Wall ◽

Polypropylene Mesh ◽

Collagen Deposition ◽

Mesh Implantation ◽

Adhesion Rate

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Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Intraluminal Thrombus From Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Journal of Biomechanical Engineering ◽

10.1115/1.1411971 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 123 (6) ◽

pp. 536-539 ◽

Cited By ~ 138

Author(s):

David H. J. Wang ◽

Michel Makaroun ◽

Marshall W. Webster ◽

David A. Vorp

Keyword(s):

Constitutive Model ◽

Wall Stress ◽

Uniaxial Tensile ◽

Intraluminal Thrombus ◽

Material Parameters ◽

Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽

Abdominal Aortic ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Two Parameter ◽

Luminal Region

Accurate estimation of the wall stress distribution in an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) may prove clinically useful by predicting when a particular aneurysm will rupture. Appropriate constitutive models for both the wall and the intraluminal thrombus (ILT) found in most AAA are necessary for this task. The purpose of this work was to determine the mechanical properties of ILT within AAA and to derive a more suitable constitutive model for this material. Uniaxial tensile testing was carried out on 50 specimens, including 14 longitudinally oriented and 14 circumferentially oriented specimens from the luminal region of the ILT, and 11 longitudinally oriented and 11 circumferentially oriented specimens from the medial region. A two-parameter, large-strain, hyperelastic constitutive model was developed and used to fit the uniaxial tensile testing data for determination of the material parameters. Maximum stiffness and strength were also determined from the data for each specimen. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was conducted to study the regional microstructural difference. Our results indicate that the microstructure of ILT differs between the luminal, medial, and abluminal regions, with the luminal region stronger and stiffer than the medial region. In all cases, the constitutive model fit the experimental data very well R2>0.98. No significant difference was found for either of the two material parameters between longitudinal and circumferential directions, but a significant difference in material parameters, stiffness, and strength between the luminal and medial regions was determined p<0.01. Therefore, our results suggest that ILT is an inhomogeneous and possibly isotropic material. The two-parameter, hyperelastic, isotropic, incompressible material model derived here for ILT can be easily incorporated into finite element models for simulation of wall stress distribution in AAA.

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