BIOMECHANICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN YOGA SIRSASANA

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (03) ◽  
pp. 1750053 ◽  
Author(s):  
YO CHEN ◽  
CHO-WEI LEE ◽  
YU-LAN CHEN ◽  
HUI-TING LIN ◽  
JIA-HAO CHANG
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Friedman Test ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Difference

The aim of this study was to understand how to process Yoga headstand and the difference between genders in headstand. Twelve skilled participates were recruited in this study (Males 34.1 [Formula: see text] 3.3 years, [Formula: see text]; Females 36.5 [Formula: see text] 3.9 years, [Formula: see text]). The 10 camera Vicon motion capture system, Kistler force plate, and Medilogic pressure mat were used synchronously to record the movement, ground reaction force, and pressure distribution during headstand. The Mann–Whitney U test and Friedman test ([Formula: see text]) was applied to assess the statistics. The trunk, hip, knee, and ankle joint angles were [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text], respectively, in all subjects. The pressure distribution was 38 [Formula: see text] 19%, 29 [Formula: see text] 12%, and 33 [Formula: see text] 9% on subjects’ heads, right elbows, and left elbows, respectively. The COP trajectory was 31.2 [Formula: see text] 17.4[Formula: see text]cm and surface area was 5.3 [Formula: see text] 1.4[Formula: see text]cm2. No significant differences were found in joint angles, overall force distribution, and COP trajectory and surface area between genders. Both males and females distribute body weight to the supports of head and elbows equally and kept the body straight and erect on the ground during Yoga headstand.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Centre of Mass From Motion Capture and Force Plate Recordings: A Study on the Elderly

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cotton ◽  
M. Vanoncini ◽  
P. Fraisse ◽  
N. Ramdani ◽  
E. Demircan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Motion Capture ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
The Body ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Centre Of Mass ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Biomechanical Models ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Mass Position

The estimation of the centre of mass position in humans is usually based on biomechanical models developed from anthropometric tables. This method can potentially introduce errors in studies involving elderly people, since the ageing process is typically associated with a modification of the distribution of the body mass. In this paper, an alternative technique is proposed, and evaluated with an experimental study on 9 elderly volunteers. The technique is based on a virtual chain, identified from experimental data and locating the subject's centre of mass. Its configuration defines the location of the centre of mass, and is a function of the anatomical joint angles measured on the subject. This method is a valuable investigation tool in the field of geronto-technology, since it overcomes some of the problems encountered with other CoM estimation methods.

scholarly journals Motion and Force Analysis in Load Control Type Treadmill Using Wearable Sensor System

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Akiko Kondo ◽  
Kiyoshi Hirose ◽  
Nobutaka Tsujiuchi ◽  
Akihito Ito
Keyword(s):  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Sensor System ◽  
Load Control ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Belt Speed ◽  
Propulsion Force ◽  
The Difference ◽  
And Control

In this study, we developed a load control type treadmill installed with a force plate and an automatic controller. A conventional treadmill does not measure ground reaction force, and the belt is rotated at a constant speed. The developed system can measure ground reaction force and control the belt speed by feeding back measured propulsion force. A participant can obtain the load by controlling the belt speed corresponding to the target load value. The system provides an environment close to actual motion on a road. We conducted measurement experiments on the treadmill using a wearable motion sensor system in gait and running conditions, and we estimated joint angles in gait condition. The result of the vertical and propulsion force and the joint angles indicated the difference of performance in the levels of the target load value, and the characteristics of load control type treadmill are indicated.

scholarly journals Children’s Single-Leg Landing Movement Capability Analysis According to the Type of Sport Practiced

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isaac Estevan ◽  
Gonzalo Monfort-Torres ◽  
Roman Farana ◽  
David Zahradnik ◽  
Daniel Jandacka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Impact Force ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Joint Angles ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Lower Limb Injury ◽  
Sport Practice

(1) Background: Understanding children’s motor patterns in landing is important not only for sport performance but also to prevent lower limb injury. The purpose of this study was to analyze children’s lower limb joint angles and impact force during single-leg landings (SLL) in different types of jumping sports using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). (2) Methods: Thirty children (53.33% girls, M = 10.16 years-old, standard deviation (SD) = 1.52) divided into three groups (gymnastics, volleyball and control) participated in the study. The participants were asked to do SLLs with the dominant lower limb (barefoot) on a force plate from a height of 25 cm. The vertical ground reaction force (GRF) and lower limb joint angles were assessed. SPM{F} one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and SPM{t} unpaired t-tests were performed during the landing and stability phases. (3) Results: A significant main effect was found in the landing phase of jumping sport practice in GRF and joint angles. During the stability phase, this effect was exhibited in ankle and knee joint angles. (4) Conclusions: Evidence was obtained of the influence of practicing a specific sport in childhood. Child volleyball players performed SLL with lower impact force and higher knee flexion than child gymnasts. Training in specific jumping sports (i.e., volleyball and gymnastics) could affect the individual capacity to adapt SLL execution.

Measurement and Analysis of Pressure Distribution on the Bed

1995 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 297-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Se Jin Park ◽  
Min Cheol Whang ◽  
Chang Bum Kim
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Subjective Evaluation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Force Sensing ◽  
Objective Data ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Measurement And Analysis ◽  
Verification Test ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Body Pressure Distribution

A new measurement system for body pressure on a bed was developed in this study. The thin film pressure sensor (PSR: Force Sensing Resistor) of an elastomer-type was used to prevent the distortion of contact pressure. The pressure distribution was measured by FSR and displayed on the monitor by color-coded contour patterns. The body pressure distribution and the objective data for four beds with different firmness were observed for possible correlation with the subjective evaluation. Ninety-eight occupants subjectively evaluated five beds for a short-term lying session about 1 hour. The pattern of the pressure distribution was analyzed to correlate approximately with the difference between comfortable and uncomfortable bed. The verification test on the recommended bed was performed by other twenty subjects through one week.

scholarly journals The Effect of Exercising on Smokers’ Lung Capacity

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 3420-3439
Author(s):  
Sondos Majdi Taher ◽  
Marit van Silfhout ◽  
Asiya Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Body Surface ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Research Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abu Dhabi ◽  
Lung Capacity ◽  
Quit Smoking ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Harmful Effects

The purpose of this research paper is to investigate whether exercising can reduce the harmful effects caused by smoking. Additionally, the hypothesis of this research study proposes that results will show that the percentage lung capacities of smokers who exercise are similar to non-smokers who don't exercise in which it will prove that exercising does, in fact, decrease the harmful effects of smoking as a smoker who exercises is almost as healthy as a non-smoker who does not exercise. Henceforth, the hypothesis of this research will be accepted. To know that, a questionnaire was prepared, which assisted in placing the individuals in one of 4 groups. The sample size included 152 participants aged 18 and above from the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. A spirometer was used to find the real lung capacity of the participants. The estimated vital capacity was calculated by substituting the height and weight of a person into an equation that gives the body surface area, and then the answer is either multiplied by 2,500 or by 2,000 to find the estimated lung capacity for males or females respectively. After collecting the essential data, it was found that people who smoke and exercise have higher lung capacity than those who smoke but don’t exercise. The t-test was used, and it was found that the difference is significant between those two sets of data. The results imply that exercising could, in fact, reduce the harmful effects of smoking as it has been predicted in the hypothesis. However, in order to be completely free of the risks of smoking, it is highly recommended to quit smoking as well fully.

scholarly journals Lower-Limb Electromyography Signal Analysis for the Bottom Group of Muscles Fitness Norm before and after Intensive Exercise

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 2458
Author(s):  
Ching-Kun Chen ◽  
Shyan-Lung Lin ◽  
Tasi-Chu Wang ◽  
Yang-Si Huang ◽  
Chieh-Liang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Physiology ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Quantitative Relationship ◽  
The Body ◽  
Median Frequency ◽  
Muscular Fitness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Frequency Domains ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Muscular fitness is not only the ability of the body to adapt to work and the environment but also the operational ability of physical behavior. We speculated whether research could be conducted on the theory of muscular fitness and its qualitative/quantitative relationship based on muscular fitness and exercise physiology from the perspective of muscular endurance and muscular exploration. This study used standing long jumps as a standard metric for physical fitness to identify the bottom 20% groups. The experiment involved eight freshmen from the bottom 20% groups, and the pre-tests of the participants’ electromyography (EMG) signals under different exercise intensities were measured and after performing a set of intensive exercises for post-tests. The signal’ characteristics measured in time and frequency domains were analyzed to find the correlation between them and the participants’ muscular fitness. Weighted squats were chosen as the strength movements, which were separated into an exercise experiment and a force plate experiment. Both experiments included three different exercise intensities: 8 repetition maximum (RM), 18RM, and 28RM. The EMG signals were captured and analyzed in both time and the frequency domains. Finally, paired sample tests were performed to determine the difference of features under different exercise intensities. The comparison of readings before and after intensive exercises shows that, for the exercised experiment, a significant difference in the mean absolute (MAV), the variance of EMG (VAR), the root mean square value (RMS), and the average amplitude of change (AAC) was observed under 8RM. Under 18RM, MAV, VAR, and AAC showed a significant difference. In the force plate experiment, RMS, AAC, mean frequency (MNF), and median frequency (MDF) showed a statistically significant difference under the intensity of 18RM. As for intensity under 28RM, MAV, VAR, RMS, and AAC also showed significant difference.

An Analysis of the Dynamic Characteristics of a Force Plate

1972 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
J P Marsden ◽  
S R Montgomery
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Characteristics ◽  
Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Total Mass ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Measuring Systems ◽  
Future Design ◽  
Plate System

Experiments have been performed in which the ground reaction force during walking has been measured simultaneously by two different means; a shoe having a spring-loaded heel and fitted with a transducer was worn by subjects walking over a force plate. Discrepancies in the two sets of results led to an analysis of the dynamic characteristics of the force plate which was facilitated by comparing the results of the two measuring systems. The increase in the total mass of the system as the body lands on the plate reduces both the damping ratio and the natural frequency of the force plate system, causing an increase in the dynamic magnification. These effects are analysed quantitatively and recommendations are made for the future design of force plate systems.

Analyze of the Rhythm of the Neck in Handmade Japanese Paper Manufacturing Movement

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akihiko Imajo ◽  
Takashi Yoshikawa ◽  
Nobutaka Saeki
Keyword(s):  
Tacit Knowledge ◽  
Motion Capture ◽  
Spring Water ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Paper Manufacturing ◽  
Japanese Paper ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Method Of Production

In Japan, the production of traditional handmade Japanese paper using the spring water has been performed in the Shuso area of Shikoku Island. However, the method of production was been handed down by trial and error and observation of the expert movement until now. The produced papers are counted one unit that is five hundred sheets of Japanese paper. Five hundred sheets of Japanese paper are called 1 [lot]. The paper has two type of thickness and its size is 600mm × 1500mm. Thick paper is 9[kgf] per lot. The other hand, thin paper is 8[kgf] per lot. In other words, the expert is making paper which is the difference of 2[gf] per sheet. This time, we have been able to obtain cooperation with traditional craftsman for the digitizing of his skills. Therefore, we visualize the tacit knowledge of the expert’s skill. The expert subject has 34 years of experience of traditional hand-made Japanese paper. We have digitized his manufacturing movement by using motion capture. His movements are analyzed by attaching infrared reflective markers of 20 on each parts of the body. In this study, we found that constant rhythm of the neck in handmade Japanese paper manufacturing movement. Furthermore, the first scoop is performed at the time much shorter than in the case of other scoops.

scholarly journals Pressure-Sensitive Insoles for Real-Time Gait-Related Applications

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Martini ◽  
Tommaso Fiumalbi ◽  
Filippo Dell’Agnello ◽  
Zoran Ivanić ◽  
Marko Munih ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Vertical Component ◽  
The Body ◽  
Heel Strike ◽  
Pressure Sensitive ◽  
Time Accuracy

Wearable robotic devices require sensors and algorithms that can recognize the user state in real-time, in order to provide synergistic action with the body. For devices intended for locomotion-related applications, shoe-embedded sensors are a common and convenient choice, potentially advantageous for performing gait assessment in real-world environments. In this work, we present the development of a pair of pressure-sensitive insoles based on optoelectronic sensors for the real-time estimation of temporal gait parameters. The new design makes use of a simplified sensor configuration that preserves the time accuracy of gait event detection relative to previous prototypes. The system has been assessed relatively to a commercial force plate recording the vertical component of the ground reaction force (vGRF) and the coordinate of the center of pressure along the so-called progression or antero-posterior plane (CoPAP) in ten healthy participants during ground-level walking at two speeds. The insoles showed overall median absolute errors (MAE) of 0.06 (0.02) s and 0.04 (0.02) s for heel-strike and toe-off recognition, respectively. Moreover, they enabled reasonably accurate estimations of the stance phase duration (2.02 (2.03) % error) and CoPAP profiles (Pearson correlation coefficient with force platform ρCoP = 0.96 (0.02)), whereas the correlation with vGRF measured by the force plate was lower than that obtained with the previous prototype (ρvGRF = 0.47 (0.20)). These results confirm the suitability of the insoles for online sensing purposes such as timely gait phase estimation and discrete event recognition.

scholarly journals Contribution of arm movements to recovery after a trip in older adults.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sjoerd M Bruijn ◽  
Lizeth Sloot ◽  
Idsart Kingma ◽  
Mirjam Pijnappels
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Force Plate ◽  
Arm Movements ◽  
Biomechanical Model ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
The Body ◽  
Favourable Effect ◽  
Body Rotation ◽  
Falls In Older Adults ◽  
The Difference

Falls are common in daily life, and our arms play an important role in recovering balance after a trip. Although older adults fall more often with more serious consequence, there is limited research into arm movements during falls in older adults. We investigated how older adults use their arms to recover from a trip and the difference between fallers and non-fallers. Sixteen older participants walked along a walkway and were occasionally tripped using a custom tripping device. A biomechanical model used full-body marker and force-plate data to calculate the body rotation during the trip, and simulated the rotation without arms (Cut) and with transfer of the arms momentum to the body (Transfer & Cut). We only analysed the first trip, distinguishing fallers (n=5) from non-fallers (n=11). Apart from an expected increase in forward body rotation at foot touchdown in fallers, we found no significant differences between fallers and non-fallers in the effects of arm movements on trip recovery. Like earlier studies in young participants, we found that arm movements had most favourable effect in the transversal plane: by delaying the transfer of angular momentum of the arms to the body, participants rotated the tripped leg more forward thereby allowing more room for a larger recovery step. Older adults that are prone to falling might improve their recovery from a trip by learning to [further] prolong ongoing arm movement.

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