EFFECT OF SENSORY ELECTRICAL STIMULATION ON RESTING TREMORS IN PATIENTS WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE AND SWEDDs

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (07) ◽  
pp. 1940033
Author(s):  
JAE-HOON HEO ◽  
HYEONG-MIN JEON ◽  
EUI-BUM CHOI ◽  
DO-YOUNG KWON ◽  
GWANG-MOON EOM
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Index Finger ◽  
Peak Frequency ◽  
Angular Motion ◽  
Motor Threshold ◽  
Base Level ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Finger Tremor

Patients with scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficits (SWEDDs) show symptoms (e.g., tremors) similar to those of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients, so they are often misdiagnosed. Sensory electrical stimulation (SES) was reported to suppress essential tremor in patients, but SES was never applied to patients with PD and SWEDDs. As the pathophysiological mechanisms of PD and SWEDDs are likely to be different, we hypothesized that the effect of SES would also be different in the two patient groups. This study aimed to test that hypothesis. Fourteen patients with PD and nine with SWEDDs participated in this study. Three wrist muscles were stimulated for 15[Formula: see text]s using SES with a stimulation intensity lower than the motor threshold. Angular motion of the index finger was measured via a triaxial gyrosensor before, during, and after stimulation. Outcome measures included the amplitude and peak frequency of the angular motion of the index finger. Tremor amplitude decreased during and after SES in patients with PD ([Formula: see text]). However, tremor amplitudes during and after SES were not different from the base level in SWEDDs patients. The peak frequency of tremors temporarily decreased during stimulation in PD patients, but not in SWEDDs patients. SES suppressed tremors in patients with PD, but not with SWEDDs. The results could help understand the pathophysiological differences of tremors between PD and SWEDDs.

scholarly journals Schizophrenia as Potential Trigger for Melanoma Development and Progression! The Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Oncology (P.N.E.O) Network!

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1442-1445
Author(s):  
Georgi Tchernev ◽  
Ilia Lozev ◽  
Ivanka Temelkova ◽  
Svetoslav Chernin ◽  
Irina Yungareva
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Potential Trigger ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Neuroectodermal Origin ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

BACKGROUND: Skin, nervous tissue, dopamine and melanoma share a common neuroectodermal origin. Hence, processes that modulate nervous tissue formation, patient mental status, motor regulation of individuals, and skin cancerogenesis are inextricably linked. Psycho-neuro-endocrine oncology (or dermato-oncology), i.e. P.N.E.O., is a new model or trend in medicine and science presented for the first time in the world literature by us, that aims to examine the relationship between the mental state, the hormones and the malignant transformation. Schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease are the two main patterns of disease where the main symptoms are related to dopamine levels in the human body. According to our analyses of the available literature, the amount of dopamine is related to the incidence of melanocytic or non-melanocytic cutaneous tumours in patients with central nervous system diseases and those affecting the motor function and coordination. Such patterns of interaction are extremely indicative of the elucidation of the ubiquitous hypothesis or statement: “My illness is on a mental basis, caused by stress ...”CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 44-year-old patient with untreated schizophrenia for approximately 25 years, associated with advanced acral localised melanoma. Schizophrenia is generally associated with a higher level of dopamine, which is also a key precursor to melanin synthesis. After a careful analysis of all literature on melanoma in patients with 1) treated and untreated schizophrenia, 2) those with untreated and untreated forms of Parkinson’s disease, it would be logical to conclude that the high level of dopamine in the described patient groups is a risk factor for the development of melanoma.CONCLUSIONS: The possible mechanisms for the occurrence of malignant melanoma within the so-called psycho/neuro/endocrine oncology (P.N.E.O.), as well as the effective methods of prevention, are under discussion.

scholarly journals The effectiveness of peroneal nerve functional electrical simulation for the reduction of bradykinesia in Parkinson’s disease: A feasibility study for a randomised control trial

2020 ◽  
pp. 026921552097251
Author(s):  
Paul N Taylor ◽  
Trish Sampson ◽  
Ben Beare ◽  
Maggie Donavon-Hall ◽  
Peter W Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Functional Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Standard Care ◽  
Peroneal Nerve ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Objectives: To assess the feasibility of a multi-site randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effect of functional electrical stimulation on bradykinesia in people with Parkinson’s disease. Design: A two-arm assessor blinded randomised controlled trial with an 18 weeks intervention period and 4 weeks post-intervention follow-up. Setting: Two UK hospitals; a therapy outpatient department in a district general hospital and a specialist neuroscience centre. Participants: A total of 64 participants with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease and slow gait <1.25 ms−1. Interventions: Functional electrical stimulation delivered to the common peroneal nerve while walking in addition to standard care compared with standard care alone. Main measures: Feasibility aims included the determination of sample size, recruitment and retention rates, acceptability of the protocol and confirmation of the primary outcome measure. The outcome measures were 10 m walking speed, Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Mini Balance Evaluation Systems Test, Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire-39, EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level, New Freezing of Gait questionnaire, Falls Efficacy Score International and falls diary. Participants opinion on the study design and relevance of outcome measures were evaluated using an embedded qualitative study. Results: There was a mean difference between groups of 0.14 ms−1 (CI 0.03, 0.26) at week 18 in favour of the treatment group, which was maintained at week 22, 0.10 ms−1 (CI –0.05, 0.25). There was a mean difference in UPDRS motor examination score of –3.65 (CI –4.35, 0.54) at week 18 which was lost at week 22 –0.91 (CI –2.19, 2.26). Conclusion: The study design and intervention were feasible and supportive for a definitive trial. While both the study protocol and intervention were acceptable, recommendations for modifications are made.

scholarly journals Sensory Electrical Stimulation Cueing May Reduce Freezing of Gait Episodes in Parkinson’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois Rosenthal ◽  
Dean Sweeney ◽  
Anne-Louise Cunnington ◽  
Leo R. Quinlan ◽  
Gearóid ÓLaighin
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
The Self ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Walking Activity ◽  
Guidance Technique ◽  
Positive Effect

Introduction. Freezing of gait (FoG) is a movement abnormality that presents with advancing Parkinson’s disease (PD) and is one of the most debilitating symptoms of the disease. The mainstay of nonpharmacological management of FoG is typically through external cueing techniques designed to relieve or prevent the freezing episode. Previous work shows that electrical stimulation may prove useful as a gait guidance technique, but further evidence is required. The main objective of this study was to determine whether a “fixed” rhythmic sensory electrical stimulation (sES) cueing strategy would significantly (i) reduce the time taken to complete a walking task and (ii) reduce the number of FoG episodes occurring when performing the task. Methods. 9 participants with idiopathic PD performed a self-identified walking task during both control (no cue) and cueing conditions. The self-identified walking task was a home-based daily walking activity, which was known to result in FoG for that person. A trained physiotherapist recorded the time taken to complete the walking task and the number of FoG episodes which occurred during the task. Data were analyzed by paired t-tests for both the time to complete a walking task and the number of FoG episodes occurring. Results. sES cueing resulted in a reduction in the time taken to complete a walking task and in the number of FoG episodes occurring during performance of this task by 14.23 ± 11.15% (p=0.009) and 58.28 ± 33.89% (p=0.002), respectively. Conclusions. This study shows a positive effect of “fixed” rhythmic sES on the time taken to complete a walking task and on the number of FoG episodes occurring during the task. Our results provide evidence that sES cueing delivered in a “fixed” rhythmic manner has the potential to be an effective cueing mechanism for FoG prevention.

Applicability and tolerability of electrical stimulation applied to the upper and lower leg skin surface for cueing applications in Parkinson's disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 73-81
Author(s):  
Dean Sweeney ◽  
Leo R. Quinlan ◽  
Patrick Browne ◽  
Timothy Counihan ◽  
Alejandro Rodriguez-Molinero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Skin Surface ◽  
Lower Leg

scholarly journals Connectivity of EEG synchronization networks increases for Parkinson’s disease patients with freezing of gait

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eitan E. Asher ◽  
Meir Plotnik ◽  
Moritz Günther ◽  
Shay Moshel ◽  
Orr Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Hand Tapping ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Beta Frequency ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractFreezing of gait (FoG), a paroxysmal gait disturbance commonly experienced by patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), is characterized by sudden episodes of inability to generate effective forward stepping. Recent studies have shown an increase in beta frequency of local-field potentials in the basal-ganglia during FoG, however, comprehensive research on the synchronization between different brain locations and frequency bands in PD patients is scarce. Here, by developing tools based on network science and non-linear dynamics, we analyze synchronization networks of electroencephalography (EEG) brain waves of three PD patient groups with different FoG severity. We find higher EEG amplitude synchronization (stronger network links) between different brain locations as PD and FoG severity increase. These results are consistent across frequency bands (theta, alpha, beta, gamma) and independent of the specific motor task (walking, still standing, hand tapping) suggesting that an increase in severity of PD and FoG is associated with stronger EEG networks over a broad range of brain frequencies. This observation of a direct relationship of PD/FoG severity with overall EEG synchronization together with our proposed EEG synchronization network approach may be used for evaluating FoG propensity and help to gain further insight into PD and the pathophysiology leading to FoG.

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