scholarly journals Schizophrenia as Potential Trigger for Melanoma Development and Progression! The Psycho-Neuro-Endocrine-Oncology (P.N.E.O) Network!

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 1442-1445
Author(s):  
Georgi Tchernev ◽  
Ilia Lozev ◽  
Ivanka Temelkova ◽  
Svetoslav Chernin ◽  
Irina Yungareva
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Nervous Tissue ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Careful Analysis ◽  
Potential Trigger ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Neuroectodermal Origin ◽  
High Level ◽  
First Time

BACKGROUND: Skin, nervous tissue, dopamine and melanoma share a common neuroectodermal origin. Hence, processes that modulate nervous tissue formation, patient mental status, motor regulation of individuals, and skin cancerogenesis are inextricably linked. Psycho-neuro-endocrine oncology (or dermato-oncology), i.e. P.N.E.O., is a new model or trend in medicine and science presented for the first time in the world literature by us, that aims to examine the relationship between the mental state, the hormones and the malignant transformation. Schizophrenia and Parkinson’s disease are the two main patterns of disease where the main symptoms are related to dopamine levels in the human body. According to our analyses of the available literature, the amount of dopamine is related to the incidence of melanocytic or non-melanocytic cutaneous tumours in patients with central nervous system diseases and those affecting the motor function and coordination. Such patterns of interaction are extremely indicative of the elucidation of the ubiquitous hypothesis or statement: “My illness is on a mental basis, caused by stress ...”CASE PRESENTATION: We present a 44-year-old patient with untreated schizophrenia for approximately 25 years, associated with advanced acral localised melanoma. Schizophrenia is generally associated with a higher level of dopamine, which is also a key precursor to melanin synthesis. After a careful analysis of all literature on melanoma in patients with 1) treated and untreated schizophrenia, 2) those with untreated and untreated forms of Parkinson’s disease, it would be logical to conclude that the high level of dopamine in the described patient groups is a risk factor for the development of melanoma.CONCLUSIONS: The possible mechanisms for the occurrence of malignant melanoma within the so-called psycho/neuro/endocrine oncology (P.N.E.O.), as well as the effective methods of prevention, are under discussion.

The use of eHealth to promote physical activity in people living with Parkinson’s disease: A systematic review

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Adam McDermott ◽  
Ciaran Haberlin ◽  
Jonathan Moran
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Attrition Rate ◽  
Medical Subject Headings ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Ehealth Intervention ◽  
High Level

BACKGROUND: People living with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are less active than healthy individuals. Ehealth is an emerging concept in healthcare which presents opportunities to promote physical activity (PA) in people with PD. The aim of this systematic review was to explore the effectiveness of ehealth in the promotion of PA in people living with PD. METHODS: Suitable articles were searched for using EMBASE, PsychInfo, Web of Science and OVID Medline databases using a combination of keywords and medical subject headings. Articles were included if they described an ehealth intervention designed to promote PA in people living with PD. Two reviewers screened studies for suitability and extracted data. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias 2 tool and the Downs and Black risk of bias checklist. Due to the heterogeneity of studies, a narrative synthesis of study interventions and results was completed rather than a quantitative analysis. RESULTS: 1449 articles were screened. Four studies met the eligibility criteria which included 652 participants. Web and mobile applications were used to design the PA interventions. PA levels were measured using self-reported questionnaires, Fitbits, activity monitors and accelerometers. Three of the studies reported improvements in aspects of PA. However, this was not consistently reported in all study participants. No adverse effects, a high level of enjoyment and a relatively low attrition rate (∼12.5%) were reported. CONCLUSION: Ehealth is a safe and feasible intervention to promote PA in this population. It is unclear whether ehealth is effective at promoting PA in people with PD. Keywords:

Transplantation of fetal and xenogeneic nervous tissue in Parkinson's disease

1994 ◽  
Vol 117 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-373
Author(s):  
S. V. Savel'ev ◽  
V. V. Lebedev ◽  
S. V. Voityna ◽  
L. I. Korochkin ◽  
E. M. Molnar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Nervous Tissue

scholarly journals Consistency and Stability of Motor Subtype Classifications in Patients With de novo Parkinson’s Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingru Ren ◽  
Chenxi Pan ◽  
Yuqian Li ◽  
Lanting Li ◽  
Ping Hua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Motor Symptoms ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Baseline Evaluation ◽  
The Stability ◽  
First Time ◽  
Non Motor Symptoms

ObjectivePatients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) are commonly classified into subtypes based on motor symptoms. The aims of the present study were to determine the consistency between PD motor subtypes, to assess the stability of PD motor subtypes over time, and to explore the variables influencing PD motor subtype stability.MethodsThis study was part of a longitudinal study of de novo PD patients at a single center. Based on three different motor subtype classification systems proposed by Jankovic, Schiess, and Kang, patients were respectively categorized as tremor-dominant/indeterminate/postural instability and gait difficulty (TD/indeterminate/PIGD), TDS/mixedS/akinetic-rigidS (ARS), or TDK/mixedK/ARK at baseline evaluation and then re-assessed 1 month later. Demographic and clinical characteristics were recorded at each evaluation. The consistency between subtypes at baseline evaluation was assessed using Cohen’s kappa coefficient (κ). Additional variables were compared between PD subtype groups using the two-sample t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test or Chi-squared test.ResultsOf 283 newly diagnosed, untreated PD patients, 79 were followed up at 1 month. There was fair agreement between the Jankovic, Schiess, and Kang classification systems (κS = 0.383 ± 0.044, κK = 0.360 ± 0.042, κSK = 0.368 ± 0.038). Among the three classification systems, the Schiess classification was the most stable and the Jankovic classification was the most unstable. The non-motor symptoms questionnaire (NMSQuest) scores differed significantly between PD patients with stable and unstable subtypes based on the Jankovic classification (p = 0.008), and patients with a consistent subtype had more severe NMSQuest scores than patients with an inconsistent subtype.ConclusionFair consistency was observed between the Jankovic, Schiess, and Kang classification systems. For the first time, non-motor symptoms (NMSs) scores were found to influence the stability of the TD/indeterminate/PIGD classification. Our findings support combining NMSs with motor symptoms to increase the effectiveness of PD subtypes.

scholarly journals Alpha-synuclein alters the faecal viromes of rats in a gut-initiated model of Parkinson’s disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Stockdale ◽  
L. A. Draper ◽  
S. M. O’Donovan ◽  
W. Barton ◽  
O. O’Sullivan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Lewy Body ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Observational Period ◽  
Β Diversity ◽  
Potential Trigger ◽  
The Brain

AbstractParkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurological disorder associated with the misfolding of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) into Lewy body aggregates within nerve cells that contribute to their neurodegeneration. Recent evidence suggests α-syn aggregation may begin in the gut and travel to the brain along the vagus nerve, with microbes a potential trigger initiating the misfolding of α-syn. However, changes in the gut virome in response to α-syn alterations have not been investigated. In this study, we show longitudinal changes in the faecal virome of rats administered either monomeric or preformed fibrils (PFF) of α-syn directly into their enteric nervous system. Differential changes in rat viromes were observed when comparing monomeric and PFF α-syn. The virome β-diversity changes after α-syn treatment were compounded by the addition of LPS as an adjunct. Changes in the diversity of rat faecal viromes were observed after one month and did not resolve within the study’s five month observational period. Overall, these results suggest that microbiome alterations associated with PD may, partially, be reactive to host α-syn associated changes.

scholarly journals Connectivity of EEG synchronization networks increases for Parkinson’s disease patients with freezing of gait

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eitan E. Asher ◽  
Meir Plotnik ◽  
Moritz Günther ◽  
Shay Moshel ◽  
Orr Levy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Freezing Of Gait ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Frequency Bands ◽  
Hand Tapping ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
Beta Frequency ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractFreezing of gait (FoG), a paroxysmal gait disturbance commonly experienced by patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD), is characterized by sudden episodes of inability to generate effective forward stepping. Recent studies have shown an increase in beta frequency of local-field potentials in the basal-ganglia during FoG, however, comprehensive research on the synchronization between different brain locations and frequency bands in PD patients is scarce. Here, by developing tools based on network science and non-linear dynamics, we analyze synchronization networks of electroencephalography (EEG) brain waves of three PD patient groups with different FoG severity. We find higher EEG amplitude synchronization (stronger network links) between different brain locations as PD and FoG severity increase. These results are consistent across frequency bands (theta, alpha, beta, gamma) and independent of the specific motor task (walking, still standing, hand tapping) suggesting that an increase in severity of PD and FoG is associated with stronger EEG networks over a broad range of brain frequencies. This observation of a direct relationship of PD/FoG severity with overall EEG synchronization together with our proposed EEG synchronization network approach may be used for evaluating FoG propensity and help to gain further insight into PD and the pathophysiology leading to FoG.

Possible selves and illness: A comparison of individuals with Parkinson's disease, early-stage Alzheimer's disease, and healthy older adults

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie D. Frazier ◽  
Victoria Cotrell ◽  
Karen Hooker
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Possible Selves ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Patient Groups ◽  
The Impact

This study examined how future self-representations are affected by two different chronic illnesses, one focused on cognitive losses, early-stage Alzheimer's disease (AD), and one focused on physical losses, Parkinson's disease (PD). The impact of illness on possible selves (perceptions of self in the future) was made salient by a comparison with healthy older adults in order to better understand developmental issues in later life. Findings show that although there were no differences in the total number of domains reported by the groups, specific domains were reported differently by patient groups and all domains were likely to become infused with illness. As expected, patient groups had less self-efficacy and lower outcome expectancies for their future selves, and PD patients reported less distance from their feared selves. Although these findings are intuitive, this is the first empirical effort to document the impact of illness on older adults' self-representations. Group differences are explained in terms of disease context, and the importance of possible selves and self-regulatory functions as therapeutic mechanisms for adaptation to illness are emphasised.

Leopold Ordenstein: on paralysis agitans and multiple sclerosis

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1195-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.C. Lehmann ◽  
H.-P. Hartung ◽  
B.C. Kieseier
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
French Language ◽  
Doctoral Thesis ◽  
Paralysis Agitans ◽  
History Of ◽  
First Time ◽  
Jean Martin Charcot

In 1868 the German Leopold Ordenstein (1835—1902) published in Paris a doctoral thesis in French language under the patronage of Jean-Martin Charcot (1825—1893). For the first time, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson's disease were clearly recognized as different clinical entities, based on clinical and pathological data. Ordenstein's work represents today a fundamental and often credited, yet still widely unknown, contribution to the history of these two diseases. The present paper delivers a synopsis of this key document. In addition, the life and work of Leopold Ordenstein will be reviewed. Multiple Sclerosis 2007; 13: 1195—1199. http://msj.sagepub.com

High-level language difficulties in Parkinson's disease

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvira Berg ◽  
Camilla Björnram ◽  
Lena Hartelius ◽  
Katja Laakso ◽  
Bo Johnels
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
High Level Language ◽  
Language Difficulties ◽  
High Level

scholarly journals Four Copies of SNCA Responsible for Autosomal Dominant Parkinson’s Disease in Two Italian Siblings

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosangela Ferese ◽  
Nicola Modugno ◽  
Rosa Campopiano ◽  
Marco Santilli ◽  
Stefania Zampatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Alpha Synuclein ◽  
Genomic Region ◽  
Comparative Genomic ◽  
Nigrostriatal Dopamine ◽  
First Time ◽  
Dependent Probe

Background. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is mostly characterized by alpha-synuclein (SNCA) aggregation and loss of nigrostriatal dopamine-containing neurons. In this study a novel SNCA multiplication is described in two siblings affected by severe parkinsonism featuring early onset dyskinesia, psychiatric symptoms, and cognitive deterioration. Methods. SNCA dosage was performed using High-Density Comparative Genomic Hybridization Array (CGH-Array), Multiple Ligation Dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA), and Quantitative PCR (qPCR). Genetic analysis was associated with clinical evaluation. Results. Genetic analysis of siblings showed for the first time a 351 Kb triplication containing SNCA gene along with 6 exons of MMRN1 gene in 4q22.1 and a duplication of 1,29 Mb of a genomic region flanking the triplication. Conclusions. The identification of this family indicates a novel mechanism of SNCA gene multiplication, which confirms the genomic instability in this region and provides data on the genotype-phenotype correlation in PD patients.

scholarly journals Subthalamic-Cortical Network Reorganization during Parkinson’s Tremor

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Lauro ◽  
Shane Lee ◽  
Umer Akbar ◽  
Wael F. Asaad
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Subthalamic Nucleus ◽  
Sensorimotor Cortex ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Time Changes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Intracranial Recordings ◽  
Parkinson's Tremor

ABSTRACTTremor, a common and often primary symptom of Parkinson’s disease, has been modeled with distinct onset and maintenance dynamics. To identify the neurophysiologic correlates of each state, we acquired intraoperative cortical and subthalamic nucleus recordings from ten patients performing a naturalistic visual-motor task. From this task we isolated short epochs of tremor onset and sustained tremor. Comparing these epochs, we found that the subthalamic nucleus was central to tremor onset, as it drove both motor cortical activity and tremor output. Once tremor became sustained, control of tremor shifted to cortex. At the same time, changes in directed functional connectivity across sensorimotor cortex further distinguished the sustained tremor state.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTTremor is a common symptom of Parkinson’s disease (PD). While tremor pathophysiology is thought to involve both basal ganglia and cerebello-thalamic-cortical circuits, it is unknown how these structures functionally interact to produce tremor. In this manuscript, we analyzed intracranial recordings from the subthalamic nucleus and sensorimotor cortex in patients with PD undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) surgery. Using an intraoperative task, we examined tremor in two separate dynamic contexts: when tremor first emerged, and when tremor was sustained. We believe that these findings reconcile several models of Parkinson’s tremor, while describing the short-timescale dynamics of subcortical-cortical interactions during tremor for the first time. These findings may describe a framework for developing proactive and responsive neurostimulation models for specifically treating tremor.

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