scholarly journals The evolution of Brown–York quasilocal energy as due to evolution of Lovelock gravity in a system of M0-branes

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (07) ◽  
pp. 1750099
Author(s):  
Alireza Sepehri ◽  
Farook Rahaman ◽  
Salvatore Capozziello ◽  
Ahmed Farag Ali ◽  
Anirudh Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Massive Gravity ◽  
Dynamical Structure ◽  
Lovelock Gravity ◽  
Gravity Changes ◽  
Quasilocal Energy ◽  
New Formula

Recently, it has been suggested in [S. Chakraborty and N. Dadhich, Brown–York quasilocal energy in Lanczos–Lovelock gravity and black hole horizons, J. High Energ. Phys. 12 (2015) 003.] that the Brown–York mechanism can be used to measure the quasilocal energy in Lovelock gravity. We have used this method in a system of [Formula: see text]-branes and show that the Brown–York energy evolves in the process of birth and growth of Lovelock gravity. This can help us to predict phenomenological events which are emerged as due to dynamical structure of Lovelock gravity in our universe. In this model, first, [Formula: see text]-branes join each other and form an [Formula: see text]-brane and an anti-[Formula: see text]-branes connected by an [Formula: see text]-brane. This system is named BIon. Universes and anti-universes live on [Formula: see text]-branes and [Formula: see text] plays the role of wormhole between them. By passing time, [Formula: see text] dissolves in [Formula: see text]’s and nonlinear massive gravities like Lovelock massive gravity emerges and grows. By closing [Formula: see text]-branes, BIon evolves and wormhole between branes makes a transition to black hole. During this stage, Brown–York energy increases and shrinks to large values at the colliding points of branes. By approaching [Formula: see text]-branes towards each other, the square energy of their system becomes negative and some tachyonic states are produced. To remove these states, [Formula: see text]-branes compact, the sign of compacted gravity changes, anti-gravity is created which leads to getting away of branes from each other. Also, the Lovelock gravity disappears and its energy forms a new [Formula: see text] between [Formula: see text]-branes. By getting away of branes from each other, Brown–York energy decreases and shrinks to zero.

scholarly journals Phase Transitions of the BTZ Black Hole in New Massive Gravity

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Soo Myung
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transition ◽  
Black Hole ◽  
Phase Transitions ◽  
Fourth Order ◽  
Mass Parameter ◽  
Massive Gravity ◽  
Curvature Radius ◽  
Btz Black Hole

We investigate thermodynamics of the BTZ black hole in new massive gravity explicitly. Form2l2>1/2withm2being the mass parameter of fourth-order terms andl2AdS3curvature radius, the Hawking-Page phase transition occurs between the BTZ black hole and AdS (thermal) soliton. Form2l2<1/2, however, this transition unlikely occurs but a phase transition between the BTZ black hole and the massless BTZ black hole is possible to occur. We may call the latter the inverse Hawking-Page phase transition and this transition is favored in the new massive gravity.

scholarly journals Perturbations of cosmological and black hole solutions in massive gravity and bi-gravity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 (10) ◽  
pp. 103E02 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Kobayashi ◽  
Masaru Siino ◽  
Masahide Yamaguchi ◽  
Daisuke Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Massive Gravity ◽  
Black Hole Solutions

scholarly journals Gravity cells as a necessary link in string theory. Energy and frequency of vibrations of gravitational strings. Obtaining a formula for determining the gravitational constant and a formula for determining the mass of an electron. The coincidence of the results obtained with the experimental data.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrey Chernov
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
String Theory ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Gravitational Constant ◽  
Gravitational Interaction ◽  
Physical Constant ◽  
The Body ◽  
Electron Mass ◽  
New Formula ◽  
Schwarzschild Radius

Abstract In this study, a new concept is introduced - gravitational cells. The body of a black hole consists of a huge number of such cells. This hypothesis from particle physics has been organically built into string theory. As a result, using the formula for the Schwarzschild radius and the Coulomb formula, a formula was obtained to determine the gravitational constant in the region of black holes and its value was determined. The value of the usual gravitational constant has been confirmed. Also, a new physical constant was obtained - the mass of the gravitational cell of a black hole. The introduction of the hypothesis of gravitational cells into string theory allowed us to apply Planck's formula to gravitational interaction. As a result, the formula for the quantum of the gravitational field was obtained and the frequency of vibrations of gravitational strings was calculated. Based on this, a formula was obtained to determine the mass of an electron. The electron mass calculated by the new formula coincided with the known experimental value. In this work, it was also proved that the vibration frequency of gravitational strings is directly proportional to the ratio of the mass of an electron and a proton inside the gravitational cell (and inside the atom). The formula for the dependence of the gravitational constant on the magnitude of the electron mass was obtained and confirming calculations were made.

scholarly journals PROBING FOAMY SPACE–TIME WITH VARIATIONAL METHODS

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 2905-2920 ◽  
Author(s):  
REMO GARATTINI
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Variational Methods ◽  
Momentum Space ◽  
Flat Space ◽  
Casimir Energy ◽  
Space Time ◽  
Pair Creation ◽  
Variational Procedure ◽  
Loop Correction ◽  
Quasilocal Energy

A one-loop correction of the quasilocal energy in the Schwarzschild background, with flat space as a reference metric, is performed by means of a variational procedure in the Hamiltonian framework. We examine the graviton sector in momentum space, in the lowest possible state. An application to the black hole pair creation via the Casimir energy is presented. Implications on the foamlike scenario are discussed.

The role of sociomaterial assemblage on entrepreneurship in coworking-spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mahmood Aslam ◽  
Ricarda Bouncken ◽  
Lars Görmar
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Entrepreneurial Ventures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Shared Workspaces ◽  
Inductive Research ◽  
Coworking Spaces ◽  
New Formula

PurposeCoworking-spaces are considered as a new formula to facilitate autonomy, creativity, self-efficacy, work satisfaction and innovation, yet they also might overburden their users who in that course intend to limit social interaction and collaboration in the workspace. Thus, the question is how coworking-spaces shape entrepreneurial ventures.Design/methodology/approachThis study used an inductive research methodology based on data from three different data sources, including observations, archives and interviews from managers and entrepreneurs.FindingsThe findings suggest that the materiality in the form of spatial architectures (working, socialization and support structures) shared facilities and infrastructures (utilities, luxuries and specialties), and integrated digital technologies (applications and platforms) influence the flow of communication, internal and external linkages, as well as functional uniformity and distinctiveness. However, there exists an inherent dualism in sociomaterial assemblage in coworking-spaces, which can lead to instrumental and detrimental outcomes for entrepreneurs.Originality/valueThis study explains the role of sociomaterial assemblage on the working of entrepreneurs in shared workspaces.

scholarly journals The first law of black hole mechanics in the Einstein-Maxwell theory revisited

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Elgood ◽  
Patrick Meessen ◽  
Tomás Ortín
Keyword(s):  
Black Hole ◽  
Maxwell Theory ◽  
Gauge Invariant ◽  
Momentum Maps ◽  
Field Strengths

Abstract We re-derive the first law of black hole mechanics in the context of the Einstein-Maxwell theory in a gauge-invariant way introducing “momentum maps” associated to field strengths and the vectors that generate their symmetries. These objects play the role of generalized thermodynamical potentials in the first law and satisfy generalized zeroth laws, as first observed in the context of principal gauge bundles by Prabhu, but they can be generalized to more complex situations. We test our ideas on the d-dimensional Reissner-Nordström-Tangherlini black hole.

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