Chinese OFDI in Europe under the Guidance of BRI — A Focus on China–CEE Economic Relations

2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (04) ◽  
pp. 1850022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Congcong Jiang ◽  
Christoph Lattemann
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Economic Incentives ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Chinese Investment ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
The Impact

China has been actively integrating itself in the global economy through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and increasing trade flows. In order to further expand its foreign market ambition and reinforce itself as a leader in the world economic system, China unleashed the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). One of the main economic incentives behind this initiative is to strengthen China’s integration with Central and Eastern European (CEE) markets. In recent years, an emerging trend for Chinese investors to invest in CEE countries such as Poland can be observed. The aim of this research is to analyze the changing patterns and motives of Chinese Outbound FDI (OFDI) to Europe during the period of 2009–2017 under the guidance of BRI. To explore the heterogeneity of Chinese investments behavior within Europe, this paper summarizes the apparent characteristics of Chinese investment patterns in Western Europe and the CEE region. We show that BRI has — against all expectations — no impact on Chinese investment in the CEE region but — in line with expectations — Chinese investors have changed their motives to invest in CEE countries with a shift towards the service sector. To investigate the impact of BRI on Chinese investors, the period of study is divided into two phases: (1) 2009–2013: period before the proposal of BRI and (2) 2014–2017: period after the initiation of BRI. Then the rationale behind the observed differences is examined in detail.

scholarly journals Contemporary economic relations between China and European Union

2014 ◽  
Vol 66 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Nikola Jokanovic
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Chinese Investment ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Eu

This paper will discuss the economic relations between the European Union and the People?s Republic of China. The introductory part will make an insight into the position of China in the contemporary global economy. The following part of the paper will analyze China-EU trade relations. The topics included will be a general overview of these relations since their establishing in 1975 as well as the European Union?s attitude towards the Chinese WTO membership. The Sino-EU partnership and competition will also be described and it will be followed by an overview of the Sino-EU High Level Economic and Trade Dialogue (HED). The concluding topics in this part of the paper will include Sino-EU trade flows, perceived obstacles to trade and investment as well as recent trade disputes between two trading partners. The third part of the paper will deal with Sino-EU investment flows (with an emphasis on Chinese investments in EU member states). After the introductory remarks concerning the EU investments originating from China, the paper will shed light on particular EU member states which are preferred for Chinese investment as well as the industries in which Chinese companies are willing to invest. The concluding part of this paper will offer possible development of relations between the EU and China in the near future.

scholarly journals Economic Perspectives of Trademarks

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Rishi Ram Chapagai
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Business Context ◽  
Trademark Protection ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
The Impact

Primarily, this paper examines the role of trademark in global economy, as an intellectual property the value of trademark and brand in the global marketplace, and the economic potentiality of trademarks to generate more value and surplus in the economy. This paper also discusses the contribution of the trademarks for creating brand and value of business enterprises. The article is basically conceptual and descriptive in nature. Based on the literature review, the purposes of this paper are; to assess the perceived value of a trademark and brand, to examine the trademark roles for creating brand and value and to understand the impact of trademark on economy.The article deals with trademark and its economic perspectives. This article is valuable to understand the value of trademark in marketplace. The article helps academicians and practitioner to know the concept of trademark as an intellectual property and to understand that it can be used by market economy to generate more income, value, and surplus in the economy. The economic perspective of trademark can be applicable to many segments of Nepalese business context; ranging from manufacturing to service sector and importantly for the entrepreneurship development. Finally, the article is recommending for further empirical research study to examine the impact of trademark protection system for the countries’ economic growth. The Sapta Gandaki JournalVol. IX, 2018 Feb. Page: 73-83

scholarly journals The components of career capital and how they are acquired by knowledge workers across different industries

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sutherland ◽  
G. Naidu ◽  
S. Seabela ◽  
S. Crosson
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Knowledge Workers ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Human Resource Managers ◽  
Resource Managers ◽  
Career Capital ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Career Literature ◽  
Employment Sectors

The literature shows that the way in which knowledge workers manage their careers in the global economy has changed fundamentally in the last twenty years. Career capital is a tradable commodity between and within organisations which impacts both human resource managers and knowledge workers. There is insufficient empirical evidence of the components of career capital and how these are acquired and there has been a dearth of investigation as to whether career capital is managed differently in different industries. The research was conducted in two phases. The first qualitative phase via 21 in-depth interviews identified 27 components of career capital and 23 methods of career capital accrual. In phase two quantitative data was collected, using those constructs, from 200 knowledge workers in four sectors: the public service sector and in manufacturing, financial and high tech research and development industries. The research determined the most important career capital components and methods of their accrual and showed these to differ greatly between the four employment sectors. The data raises questions with regard to two important themes in the career literature.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Rhys Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Direct And Indirect Impacts ◽  
Indirect Impacts ◽  
The Impact

This is a brief introduction to the re-emergence of China as a global economic power, emphasizing the role played by changes in the global economy from the 1970s and the internal reforms in China from the end of the 1970s. It describes briefly the importance of economic relations with China for Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) and Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), and introduces contrasting views of the impact of China on SSA and LAC. It emphasizes a framework which highlights both the direct and indirect impacts of China on the two regions, and identifies both positive and negative effects. It provides an outline of the main parts and chapters of the book.

scholarly journals Anti-crisis management measures to minimize the destabilizing import effect on the economic activity of Ukrainian agrarian units

2019 ◽  
pp. 4-15
Author(s):  
Nataliia Poberezhets ◽  
Lidiia Klymenko
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Impact

Import agrarian products is a prerequisite for meeting the demand of national consumers, especially taking into account various tastes and significant comparative advantages in the production of goods at the domestic and foreign markets. Although historical and modern scientific and practical approaches to the importance of import supplies for certain countries and industries vary both negatively and positively. The purpose of the research. The main purpose of the study is to systematize import threats, to coordinate the anti-crisis measures and to form the strategic approaches, which minimize the negative impact of import on the national agrarian business. Methodology. In the scientific research methods of comparison, synthesis and synthesis were used, as well as historical and axiomatic methods. Results. In the paper were analyzed the current trends of purchasing the foreign agrarian products and the functioning of domestic agricultural formations on the basis of using the imported goods. It was determined that the key problems of the modern economy were high level of energy intensity of national production, low quality and technological characteristics of finished products, asymmetry of foreign economic relations, low level of competitiveness of many national nomenclature positions in the agrarian sector. Practical meaning. According to international experience it was founded that in Latin America import was oriented to the domestic market and in Asia – to the foreign market. Also it was recognized that Ukraine’s trading partners were more interested in exporting raw materials or products with high added value. Prospects for further research. According to the results of the conducted studies, determinants of the regulatory system of Ukraine in countering global imbalances were identified. A strategy for minimizing the impact of import threats on the activities of domestic agrarian units has been developed. It has suggested the regulation of the import substitution policy in the conditions of openness of the national economy and the liberalization of foreign trade relations; the market saturation with domestic and foreign food products with high quality, a wider range and an affordable price range in accordance with the requirements of the international economic environment.

scholarly journals Structural Panel Bayesian VAR with Multivariate Time-Varying Volatility to Jointly Deal with Structural Changes, Policy Regime Shifts, and Endogeneity Issues

Econometrics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 20
Author(s):  
Antonio Pacifico
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Regime Shifts ◽  
Policy Regime ◽  
International Spillovers ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Structural Panel ◽  
The Impact

This paper improves a standard Structural Panel Bayesian Vector Autoregression model in order to jointly deal with issues of endogeneity, because of omitted factors and unobserved heterogeneity, and volatility, because of policy regime shifts and structural changes. Bayesian methods are used to select the best model solution for examining if international spillovers come from multivariate volatility, time variation, or contemporaneous relationship. An empirical application among Central-Eastern and Western Europe economies is conducted to describe the performance of the methodology, with particular emphasis on the Great Recession and post-crisis periods. A simulated example is also addressed to highlight the performance of the estimating procedure. Findings from evidence-based forecasting are also addressed to evaluate the impact of an ongoing pandemic crisis on the global economy.

Leaps of Faith

Dead Ringers ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shehzad Nadeem
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
The United States ◽  
Service Work ◽  
Offshore Outsourcing ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Impact

This chapter considers how the offshore outsourcing of white-collar service work set off something of a moral panic in Western Europe and the United States. Some believed that such outsourcing was salubrious in the long term and consistent with broad trends of economic restructuring. To others, it heralded a new era of job loss and economic vulnerability. The chapter explains how, in both cases, the international trade in services became a synecdoche for the promise and peril of increasing global interdependence. It examines how offshoring has crept into the service sector and tackles questions that nobody seems prepared to answer: about concession bargaining, about the denial of workers' rights in Export-Processing Zones, and about the impact on wages and working conditions in the United States. Finally, it discusses the offshore outsourcing of service work from the Indian perspective.

scholarly journals Dimensions of distance

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babalwa Nonkenge ◽  
John Manuel Luiz
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Business Networks ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to examine how distance manifests in terms of air passenger transport links between countries and focuses on the 48 countries of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It asks to what extent do existing flight connections reflect economic relations between countries, and if so, do they represent past, current or future relations? It asks whether the impact of distance is similar for all countries and at different stages of development. Design/methodology/approach Passenger flight connection data were extracted to generate map images and flight frequencies to observe interrelationships between different locations and to observe emerging patterns. The paper uses ESRI’s ArcGIS software to visualise all these data into maps. Findings SSA is poorly connected both intra- and inter-continentally. Cultural and historical ties dominate and elements of historical determinism appear within flight connections in SSA reflecting the biases associated with colonialism. Larger economies in SSA are less dependent on these past ties, and their flight connections reveal a greater level of diversity and interests. SSA has generally been slow to develop flight routings to the new emerging markets. Originality/value Its contribution lies not only in examining these flight patterns for an under-researched region but also in aiding future work on SSA and its integration into the global economy and international business networks. It argues that whilst distance matters, how it matters varies.

scholarly journals Trajectories of Global Solidarity. Fair Trade Activism Since the 1960s: Introduction

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 512-517
Author(s):  
Peter van Dam ◽  
Andrea Franc
Keyword(s):  
Fair Trade ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The North ◽  
Fresh Perspective ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

AbstractActivists throughout Western Europe joined Southern actors in demanding a reform of global trade during the 1960s. This forum focuses on the subsequent trajectories of fair trade activism: the initiatives which aimed to achieve equitable economic relations between the South and the North. The evolution of this movement is situated within larger debates about social movements since the 1960s. The forum demonstrates the importance of a transnational perspective, particularly the impact of the global South and European integration. It highlights fair trade's broad constituency and the contested development of its goals and repertoire. The movement's trajectories challenge us to reassess how activists attempted to shape a post-colonial world in which consumption had become a predominant fact of life. Regarding this strand of activism as part of crucial post-war developments provides a fresh perspective on the history of transnational civic activism.

China’s Strategic Adjustments

China Report ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 367-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Quang Thuan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Strong Impact ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
Economic Dependence ◽  
Investment Bank ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Chinese Investment ◽  
Asean Member

After the eighteenth Congress of the Chinese Communist Party, China adjusted its diplomatic strategy and transformed its pattern of economic development. This has had and will continue to have both a positive and a negative impact on the international financial institutions and the regional and global economy. The ‘One Belt, One Road’ (OBOR) strategy, combined with the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the internationalisation of the yuan, is the main focus, and exerts a strong impact on the existing international financial institutions as well as the economic relations between China and many other countries in the world. It has attracted many developed and developing countries to join the AIIB. It also has made many emerging economies become closely linked to China. Moreover, it contributes to the emergence of many ‘asymmetric’ pairs of economic relations between China and its neighbours. China is now connected with Europe through an overland route as well as through the boosting of economic, trade and investment ties between Asia and Europe. Furthermore, while Europe has been concerned about China’s unfair competition and the dependence on Chinese investment, ASEAN has increasingly deepened the mutual economic dependence between itself and Beijing. A negative outcome of this is the rising economic dependence on China of quite a few ASEAN member states, including Vietnam.

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