Chapter 19 Jurassic-Cretaceous history

1997 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 363-387 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Brian Harland ◽  
Simon R. A. Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
The West ◽  
Marine Transgression ◽  
Variable Sequence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Continuous Sheet ◽  
Shallow Seas ◽  
Cretaceous Deposits

Jurassic-Cretaceous follows Triassic history with minor change. It was an interval dominated by deposition of marine muds, silts and sands, with occasional non-marine environments on advancing deltas (Parker 1967; Harland 1973a; Kelly 1988). Subdued topography contrasted with Triassic and Paleogene terrains. But there was also Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous intrusion of basic sills and volcanism in eastern Svalbard. Figure 19.1 shows the distribution of Jurassic and Cretaceous deposits in Svalbard.The two periods (208-65 Ma) span 143 million years but the stratal record for this interval totals only 1700 m of which more than half was deposited in Albian time. The Jurassic-Cretaceous rocks of the eastern platform, presently cropping out on some islands, represent a relict of a once continuous sheet of strata, which is still preserved extensively across much of the Barents Shelf.The Triassic-Jurassic boundary is marked by seemingly continuous facies from Rhaetian to Toarcian; but then follows a contrast between the main Spitsbergen Basin (which hardly subsided) and the Eastern Platform. The contrasting areas of east and west Svalbard were divided by the continuing activity along the Billefjorden lineament. To the east, subsidence permitted a complex and variable sequence resulting from deltas from the east (marine and non-marine) through Liassic to mid-Bathonian time. To the west there was little evident subsidence and only condensed deposits of the uppermost Wilhelmoya Formation were washed by shallow seas. This part of the story concluded the history of the Kapp Toscana Group.A Late Bathonian marine transgression transformed east and

scholarly journals Stratigraphic and Structural Setting

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. El-Arnauti ◽  
M. Shelmani
Keyword(s):  
Marine Sediments ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
The West ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sirte Basin ◽  
Cretaceous Deposits

Abstract. INTRODUCTIONThe material which forms the basis of this project was obtained from a number of wells in the study area in Cyrenaica, the northeastern part of Libya. The study area, which is located between latitudes 25° and 33°N and between longitudes 20° and 25° E, covers some 365,750 square kilometres (see Fig. 1). The area extends from the Egyptian border in the east to the eastern flank of the Sirte Basin in the west and is part of the stable Saharan Shield.Since Precambrian time several phases of epeirogenic movements have produced troughs, horst blocks or platforms which have in turn influenced the subsequent sedimentological history of the area. In the southern and southeastern part of the study area, the basement is unconformably overlain by a thick, partially marine Palaeozoic sequence which is in turn unconformably overlain by sediments of Jurassic or younger age. The basement in the central and southwestern parts of the area is unconformably overlain by non-marine clastics of Late Jurassic and Early Cretaceous age or by marine sediments of Late Cretaceous and Tertiary age. In the eastern and northeastern section the basement is overlain by a wedge of eastward thickening marine Palaeozoic rocks which are in turn unconformably overlain by marine sediments of Late Cretaceous and Tertiary age. In the most northerly part of the northeastern region of the study area, a thick paralic sequence of Triassic, Jurassic and Early Cretaceous deposits is unconformably overlain by Late Cretaceous and Tertiary sediments.PALAEOZOICRocks of Cambro-Ordovician . . .

scholarly journals The West Gondwanan Occurrence Of The Hybodontid Shark Priohybodus, And The Late Jurassic-Early Cretaceous Age Of The Tacuarembo Formation, Uruguay

Palaeontology ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 1227-1235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Perea ◽  
Martin Ubilla ◽  
Alejandra Rojas ◽  
Cesar A. Goso
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
The West

scholarly journals Mesozoic Intracontinental Orogeny in the Tectonic History of the Kolyvan’– Tomsk Folded Zone (Southern Siberia): a Synthesis of Geological Data and results of Apatite Fission Track Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (9) ◽  
pp. 1006-1020
Author(s):  
F.I. Zhimulev ◽  
E.V. Vetrov ◽  
I.S. Novikov ◽  
G. Van Ranst ◽  
S. Nachtergaele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Middle Jurassic ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Fission Track ◽  
Early Jurassic ◽  
Late Triassic ◽  
Apatite Fission Track ◽  
History Of ◽  
Paleozoic Rocks ◽  
Orogenic Events

Abstract —The Kolyvan’–Tomsk folded zone (KTFZ) is a late Permian collisional orogen in the northwestern section of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. The Mesozoic history of the KTFZ area includes Late Triassic–Early Jurassic and Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous orogenic events. The earlier event produced narrow deep half-ramp basins filled with Early–Middle Jurassic molasse south of the KTFZ, and the later activity rejuvenated the Tomsk thrust fault, whereby the KTFZ Paleozoic rocks were thrust over the Early–Middle Jurassic basin sediments. The Mesozoic orogenic events induced erosion and the ensuing exposure of granitoids (Barlak complex) that were emplaced in a within-plate context after the Permian collisional orogeny. Both events were most likely associated with ocean closure, i.e., the Paleothetys Ocean in the Late Triassic–Early Jurassic and the Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean in the Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous. The apatite fission track (AFT) ages of granitoids from the Ob’ complex in the KTFZ range between ~120 and 100 Ma (the Aptian and the Albian). The rocks with Early Cretaceous AFT ages were exhumed as a result of denudation and peneplanation of the Early Cretaceous orogeny, which produced a vast Late Cretaceous–Paleogene planation surface. The tectonic pattern of the two orogenic events, although being different in details, generally inherited the late Paleozoic primary collisional structure of the Kolyvan’–Tomsk zone.

Redescription of †Yanosteus longidorsalis Jin et al., (Chondrostei, Acipenseriformes, †Peipiaosteidae) from the Early Cretaceous of China

2020 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 170-183
Author(s):  
Eric J. Hilton ◽  
Lance Grande ◽  
Fan Jin
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Monotypic Genus ◽  
Pectoral Fin ◽  
Caudal Fin ◽  
Anterior Process ◽  
Dorsal Fin ◽  
The Family ◽  
Fin Rays ◽  
Cretaceous Deposits

AbstractThe family †Peipiaosteidae contains the genera †Peipiaosteus, †Stichopterus, †Spherosteus, †Yanosteus, and †Liaosteus, all from Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous deposits of China, Russia, Kazakhstan, and Mongolia. Although the family has taxonomically expanded since it was first established for †P. pani Liu and Zhou, 1965, the amount of detailed comparative data for many of the taxa involved is lacking. In this paper, we describe the osteology of the monotypic genus †Yanosteus from the Yixian Formation (Early Cretaceous) of China largely on the basis of a newly prepared, well-preserved specimen. †Yanosteus is characterized by a series of infraorbital ossicles (a characteristic of the family), a broad, rounded palatopterygoid, a robust dentary, an extremely small opercle and a subopercle with distinctly long and rounded anterior process and a posteriorly scalloped margin, a broad and weakly forked caudal fin, an elongate dorsal fin with more than 160–178 fin rays (diagnostic for the genus), and a short but well-formed pectoral fin spine. We use the results of this study to discuss the characters of the †Peipiaosteioidei and the diversity of †peipiaosteioids.

Post-rift marine transgression of the southern Browse Basin margin: controls on hydrocarbon reservoir development and exploration potential

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Author(s):  
Stephen Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Marine Transgression ◽  
Hydrocarbon Reservoir ◽  
Shelf Sediment ◽  
Sediment Input ◽  
Net To Gross ◽  
Shelf Sedimentation ◽  
Basin Margin

The formation of the Precipice Fold Belt (560 Ma) marked the last significant modification of the basement drainage pattern and catchment area supplying sediment to the southern Browse Basin. Seismic mapping of the Proterozoic basement and the results of exploration drilling confirm the extension of both the geological formations and structural features exposed on the Proterozoic Kimberley Plateau into the offshore study area. As with the present-day shelf, sedimentation during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous marine transgression directly onlapped the basement in the study area and showed the influence of basement topography on stratigraphy. A marked increase in net-to-gross and reservoir sand thickness is observed moving northeast from the Leveque to the Yampi shelves. This broad change in stratigraphy can be related to specific basement-controlled morphologies. A >250 m-high escarpment formed by the Proterozoic Kimberley Plateau basement terrane bounds the Yampi Shelf to the southeast of the Palaeozoic zero-edge line. This escarpment fixed the location of shelf sediment input points forming a barrier to marine transgression, which ensured that the Yampi Shelf was relatively immune from sediment starvation during highstand systems tracts. In contrast, the broad low angle Leveque Shelf experienced large lateral shifts in shelf sediment input points during eustatic changes in sea level with sedimentation dominated by transgressive systems tracts. In addition to shelf morphology, the larger basement-controlled drainage area (80,000 km2) supplying sediment to the Yampi Shelf tended to increase sedimentation rates, leading to shelf delta progradation during highstand systems tracts. The quality and thickness of mass flow deposits seen in the Caswell Sub-basin and along the Prudhoe Terrace are the direct result of the concentration of high net-to-gross sand close to the offlap break on the Yampi Shelf. Given the extreme long term stability of the southern Browse Basin margin, recognition of the influence of basement structure on shelf sedimentation has refined the geological model for the post-rift marine transgression. This model could be used to reduce the risk on reservoir and seal distributions in the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous study interval. In a broader context, observations on basement-controlled reservoir and seal distribution from the Browse Basin might be usefully applied to other basins where sediment is supplied from long-lived Proterozoic margins.

FLEXURAL ISOSTATIC MODELLING AS A CONSTRAINT ON BASIN EVOLUTION, THE DEVELOPMENT OF SEDIMENT SYSTEMS AND PALAEO-HEAT FLOW: APPLICATION TO THE VULCAN SUB-BASIN, TIMOR SEA

1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Baxter ◽  
G. T. Cooper ◽  
G. W. O'Brien ◽  
K. C. Hill ◽  
S. Sturrock
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Lithospheric Mantle ◽  
Lower Crust ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Thermal Anomaly ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Simple Relationship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Timor Sea

Although the petroleum industry is commonly interested in the upper few kilometres of the lithosphere, it is the deeper stretching events which may drive the development of regional thermal perturbations and which may overprint a significant thermal signature onto the shallower section. The Vulcan Sub-basin, which is located in the Timor Sea, northwestern Australia, has undergone a period of rifting during the Late Jurassic and shows a classic transition from intra-continental rifting to passive margin subsidence during the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous. A model has been developed of the Late Jurassic rifting history of the basin, which includes the flexural and stratigraphic response, and the development of the Cretaceous to Recent post- rift basin history. Quantification of the associated vertical motion of the lithosphere suggests that the transition is related to increased ductile extension in the lower crust and lithospheric mantle with little attendant upper crustal faulting to record the magnitude of this event in the structural history of the Vulcan Sub-basin. This lack of upper crustal deformation has resulted in an under- appreciation of the importance of this extensional event.By modelling the Jurassic to Recent basin history, a thermal model may be built allowing predictions of palaeo-heat flow during the critical time of hydrocarbon generation. The model predicts that during the Jurassic and Early Cretaceous, increased lower crust and lithospheric mantle extension produced a thermal anomaly of ~20mW/m2 across the Vulcan Sub-basin. The relaxation of this thermal anomaly in the Cretaceous and Tertiary produced a rapid post-rift subsidence which allowed flooding of the margin, with increased subsidence towards the northwest. However, the evolution of this thermal perturbation beneath the upper crust resulted in a time lag between Late Jurassic rifting and maximum basin heat flow in the Early Cretaceous of up to 30 million years after Callovian breakup Therefore, the simple relationship between upper crustal faulting and total lithosphere stretching common in intra-continental rifts is predicted to break dow n immediately preceding conti nental breakup and necessitates modelling of the transition from syn-rift to post-rift stratigraphy in order to predict the thermal history of the Vulcan Sub-basin.

scholarly journals Early Cretaceous (Neocomian-Cenomanian) Palynomorphs

1985 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 131-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Thusu ◽  
J. G. L. A. Van Der Eem
Keyword(s):  
Early Cretaceous ◽  
Late Jurassic ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Marine Environments ◽  
Dinoflagellate Cysts ◽  
Shallow Marine ◽  
The North ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Pollen And Spores ◽  
Early Late

Abstract. INTRODUCTIONThis study is primarily concerned with the Neocomian to Aptian palynomorphs recorded in selected exploration wells (See Fig. 9). In order to document a complete Early Cretaceous microfloral succession in the studied wells, a reconnaissance of Aptian to Early Cenomanian palynomorphs was also undertaken. Details of the results from this younger interval appear in a later section.Palynomorph assemblages vary in preservation and character. To the north, sandstone, siltstone and shale deposited in shallow-marine environments, contain well-preserved assemblages of dinoflagellate cysts, pollen and spores which can be used for stage-level age determination. A majority of the samples analysed, however, contain moderate numbers of dinoflagellate cysts, but fewer miospores. The abundance of land derived detritus indicates the relatively close proximity of the shoreline. In the central and southern parts of the study area, sandstone and siltstone that are deposited in non-marine, fluvial, lacustrine or lagoonal environments show a general paucity of well-preserved palynofloras. Miospores of stratigraphic value are generally rare or absent although the majority of the samples are dominated by land derived detritus.PALYNOMORPH SUCCESSIONThe majority of the wells from northern Cyrenaica show a hiatus at the Jurassic Cretaceous boundary. Late Neocomian or Aptian sediments occur immediately above Middle or early Late Jurassic sediments. Well preserved Neocomian palynomorphs were recorded in wells A1-36, B1-36, Bla-18 and A1-45. The stratigraphical ranges of palynomorphs presented on the plate explanations are local ranges and are based on the studied intervals only. A preliminary palynological zonation of Late Jurassic (Late Kimmeridgian) to . . .

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