Geological structures beneath the River Thames in London: findings from the Thames Tideway Tunnel investigations

2021 ◽  
pp. qjegh2020-157
Author(s):  
T.G. Newman ◽  
N.W Hadlow
Keyword(s):  
Fault Zone ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Ground Model ◽  
Geological Structures ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Slip Displacement ◽  
River Thames ◽  
Using Data

The Thames Tideway Tunnel is 25 km long and extends west – east through central London, beneath the River Thames for most of its route. A detailed preconstruction ground model has been assembled, using data from borehole and river-borne seismic reflection survey investigations. The two data sets have together delineated several significant geological structures along the route.The investigations have led to an improved understanding of the morphology of some structures, such as the Greenwich Fault, London Bridge Fault Zone, Millwall Anticline and Greenwich-Plaistow Syncline, which were only generally indicated during preliminary desk studies. Other structures, such as the Putney-Hammersmith Fault Zone, Chelsea Embankment Fault Zone and Lambeth Anticline, are entirely new discoveries.Most of the structures described here have characteristics compatible with strike-slip displacement and, although this has been previously widely suspected, this paper presents new evidence towards this. When intersected by the tunnel during its construction phase, they have imposed significant changes in geological strata, leading to changes in the performance of tunnelling plant or creating adverse ground conditions. Their early identification by the ground model has assisted engineering design and planning, for the benefit of construction cost efficiency and, importantly, Health and Safety of underground personnel.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Geology of London and its implications for ground engineering collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/london-basin

Getting the basic ground model right in engineering practice

2020 ◽  
pp. qjegh2020-055
Author(s):  
G. J. Hearn
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Engineering Geology ◽  
Site Investigation ◽  
Engineering Practice ◽  
Ground Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Analytical Skills ◽  
Engineering Problems ◽  
Ground Conditions ◽  
Geomorphological Processes

The approach to ground modelling should be devised to suit the geological and geomorphological challenges that pertain and the context and manner in which the model is to be used. Several case studies are examined where problems experienced during works construction and operation are associated with complex ground conditions and geomorphological outcomes not fully anticipated from the site investigation and ground modelling. Other cases reflect situations where either important existing information was ignored or no apparent consideration was given to the potential for ground engineering problems. Insufficient attention to geomorphology, and especially geomorphological processes, has been the cause of several construction difficulties and continues to pose a significant source of risk in many terrains. The observational and analytical skills of a carefully-chosen geo-team will be paramount if these challenges are to be overcome. However, such considerations become largely academic if institutional shortcomings serve to limit or exclude engineering geological assessment in the first place.Thematic collection: This article is part of the Ground models in engineering geology and hydrogeology collection available at: https://www.lyellcollection.org/cc/Ground-models-in-engineering-geology-and-hydrogeology

Aggressive bidding strategies in real estate auctions – a structural equation modelling (SEM) approach

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simen Dalland ◽  
Randi Hammervold ◽  
Henrik Tangen Karlsen ◽  
Are Oust ◽  
Ole Jakob Sønstebø
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Structural Equation Modelling ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bidding Strategies ◽  
Equation Modelling ◽  
Price Effects ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Real Estate Sales

Purpose This paper aims to study aggressive bidding strategies in real estate auctions – a structural equation modelling (SEM) approach. Design/methodology/approach The authors use two data sets to study aggressive bidding strategies. First, the results from a survey with 1,803 participants examining real estate auctions are used to identify bidding strategies and related motivations. Second, the authors apply SEM by using data from 1,078 exclusive auction journals from real estate sales in Norway to study both the direct and indirect price effects of the bidding strategies. Findings The authors define four aggressive bidding strategies: high opening bid, high bid increase (jump bids), short acceptance deadline and short response time. The authors find that all four strategies yield a higher sales price. Bidders can actively influence the behaviour of the other participants and cool the potential auction fever, thus reducing the final price premium. Originality/value This paper gives households, investors and policymakers a better understanding of how bidding strategies affect real estate auctions and the final price.

Hanging on to wisdom of the “old”

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-13
Author(s):  
Brian Beal
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Active Ageing ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Insight Into

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to shed light on developments in Norwegian companies’ active ageing policies, and hence offer insight into what characterizes those Norwegian companies offering measures to retain their older workers. Design/methodology/approach The research questions are investigated using data from two surveys carried out among a representative sample of Norwegian companies in 2005 and 2010. The two data sets are analyzed both separately and jointly, being merged to obtain a pooled cross-section data set. Both multivariate logistic and linear regression are applied. Findings The proportion of companies in Norway offering retention measures, as well as the extensiveness of their retention efforts (the number of different measures offered), has increased considerably from 2005 to 2010. What characterizes these companies however are surprisingly similar in 2005 and 2010. Their retention efforts seem to be part of a holistic approach to active ageing. Offering a number of different retention measures is more common among companies having initiated “measures to facilitate lifelong learning” and “measures to prevent health problems or reduced work capacity”. Originality/value The employers’ perspective has received little attention in previous research and the authors are the first to report on developments in Norwegian companies’ retention efforts over time. Knowledge about what characterizes employers offering such measures will be important for future efforts to increase employments rates among older workers, which is an aim for most European countries.

Does more crowd participation bring more value to crowdfunding projects? The perspective of crowd capital

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 1149-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunxiao Yin ◽  
Libo Liu ◽  
Kristijian Mirkovski
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Project Success ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Media Usage ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Influence Degree ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on investigating the impact of crowd participation on degree of project success, which is defined as the total amount of funds a project can obtain after it reaches its initial funding goal threshold. Design/methodology/approach Drawing on the theory of crowd capital, this study develops six hypotheses about the impact of crowd capability of a fundraiser (i.e. project updates, goal setting, reward levels and social media usage) and crowd participation (i.e. namely, funds pledge and on-site communication) on degree of project success. The hypotheses are tested using data sets of successful projects collected from two popular crowdfunding websites. Findings This study finds that funds pledge has an inverse U-shaped relationship with degree of project success. Project updates, reward levels and on-site communication positively influence degree of project success, while funding goal negatively affects degree of project success. Research limitations/implications This study contributes to prior literature by investigating the degree of project success determinants using the perspectives of both fundraisers and crowds, which provides a more comprehensive understanding of what makes a crowdfunded project a success. Practical implications The empirical results of this study provide fundraisers with guidelines about how to access more funds after achieving the initial funding goals. Originality/value This work is one of the first to investigate the degree of project success and its determinants from the perspectives of both fundraisers and crowds.

Using data mining to track the information spreading on social media about the COVID-19 outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfei Xing ◽  
Wu He ◽  
Gaohui Cao ◽  
Yuhai Li
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
User Interaction ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
Global Public Health ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Information Spreading ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Different Characteristics

Purpose COVID-19, a causative agent of the potentially fatal disease, has raised great global public health concern. Information spreading on the COVID-19 outbreak can strongly influence people behaviour in social media. This paper aims to question of information spreading on COVID-19 outbreak are addressed with a massive data analysis on Twitter from a multidimensional perspective. Design/methodology/approach The evolutionary trend of user interaction and the network structure is analysed by social network analysis. A differential assessment on the topics evolving is provided by the method of text clustering. Visualization is further used to show different characteristics of user interaction networks and public opinion in different periods. Findings Information spreading in social media emerges from different characteristics during various periods. User interaction demonstrates multidimensional cross relations. The results interpret how people express their thoughts and detect topics people are most discussing in social media. Research limitations/implications This study is mainly limited by the size of the data sets and the unicity of the social media. It is challenging to expand the data sets and choose multiple social media to cross-validate the findings of this study. Originality/value This paper aims to find the evolutionary trend of information spreading on the COVID-19 outbreak in social media, including user interaction and topical issues. The findings are of great importance to help government and related regulatory units to manage the dissemination of information on emergencies, in terms of early detection and prevention.

scholarly journals Advanced Sensor Dynamic Measurement and Heuristic Data Analysis Model for Bridge Health Monitoring System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1907-1912
Keyword(s):  
Health And Safety ◽  
Vibration Signal ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Independent Analysis ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Significant Area ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Data Analytic

Presently the health and safety monitoring of a bridge is considered as a significant area of research where the attention has been paid by many researchers. In this article the bridge structural damages due to environmental fluctuations and other parameters has been analyzed using cutting-edge technologies. In this research the technology of advanced Intelligent Internet of Things (IIoT) sensors with signal processing systems is designed and developed to monitor the health condition of the bridge using data analytic techniques. In the recent past these sensor systems has been used collect the vibration signal sets caused by the vehicles movement on the bridge. Further, these collected data sets are analyzed with the help data analytic approach using traditional independent analysis models which fails to produce optimum results in terms of reliability, efficiency, stability, corrosion and crack of the bridge. In this article to overcome this issue an improved heuristic nonlinear model has been developed to analyze the data sets using non-linear and linear separation analogy. This optimized data analytics technique with advanced sensing mechanisms is validated experimentally and the outcomes shows promising solutions to monitor bridge health in effective manner than traditional strategies

Grocers’ food for thought over CSR

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 32-34
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Competitive Strategies ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Novel Foods ◽  
Pertinent Information ◽  
Corporate Social ◽  
Safety And Environment ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper aims to review the latest management developments across the globe and pinpoint practical implications from cutting-edge research and case studies. Design/methodology/approach This briefing is prepared by an independent writer who adds their own impartial comments and places the articles in context. Findings Health and safety and environment are the leading themes in both data sets. Animal welfare, community and biotechnology and novel foods take the middle ground with differing use across reports and products. Fair trade, labor and human resources and procurement and purchasing are the least commonly described themes in reports and on products. Retailers focus on different corporate social responsibility (CSR) themes in reports and new products, which may be evidence of competitive rather than pre-competitive strategies. Practical implications The paper provides strategic insights and practical thinking that have influenced some of the world’s leading organizations. Originality/value The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.

Different patterns for different conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (11) ◽  
pp. 1024-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cem Başlevent ◽  
Tugba Maran
Keyword(s):  
Hair Loss ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
European Social Survey ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Medicine Use ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Individual

Purpose – Using data from the European Social Survey, the purpose of this paper is to examine the individual-level determinants of the attitudes toward the use of medicines to treat common conditions such as hair loss and weight gain. Design/methodology/approach – The authors estimate ordered logit models in which the five conditions inquired about in the survey are the dependent variables. Findings – The variation in the average approval scores for medicine use implies differing degrees of medicalization for the five conditions inquired about in the survey, and the associations observed in the multivariate analysis reveal that part of the subjectivity in attitudes can be attributed to basic personal characteristics, namely age, gender, and education. Self-evaluations of general health, happiness, religiosity, and political ideology are also found to influence people’s attitudes in predictable ways. Research limitations/implications – The examinations point to the shortcomings of the available data sets in sorting out the roles of different factors – such as the presence of effective treatments without side effects – in reaching the observed attitudes for medicine use. Social implications – The empirical findings suggest that the overuse of medicines can become a more serious problem in the near future in aging European societies. Originality/value – The authors demonstrate that higher approval scores among younger and more educated people on the whole and among women with respect to hair loss suggest that more medicalized attitudes are not necessarily found among groups the most likely to have the condition in question, but those who find it the most difficult to imagine themselves being in that situation.

Retaining older workers – analysis of company surveys from 2005 and 2010

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1227-1247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Åsmund Hermansen ◽  
Tove Midtsundstad
Keyword(s):  
Older Workers ◽  
Financial Incentives ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Active Ageing ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Section Data ◽  
Using Data

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to shed light on developments in Norwegian companies’ active-ageing policies, and hence offer insight into what characterises those Norwegian companies offering measures to retain their older workers. Design/methodology/approach – The research questions are investigated using data from two surveys carried out among a representative sample of Norwegian companies in 2005 and 2010. The two data sets are analysed both separately and jointly, being merged to obtain a pooled cross-section data set. Both multivariate logistic and linear regression are applied. Findings – The proportion of companies offering retention measures, as well as the extensiveness of their retention efforts (the number of different measures offered), has increased considerably from 2005 to 2010. What characterises these companies however is surprisingly similar in 2005 and 2010. The retention efforts of Norwegian companies seem to be part of a holistic approach to active ageing. Offering a number of different retention measures is more common among companies having initiated “measures to facilitate lifelong learning” and “measures to prevent health problems or reduced work capacity”. The financial incentives embedded in the contractual early retirement scheme seem also to have a significant impact on retention efforts. Originality/value – The employers’ perspective has received little attention in previous research and the authors are the first to report on developments in Norwegian companies’ retention efforts over time. Knowledge about what characterises employers offering such measures will be important for future efforts to increase employments rates among older workers, which is an aim for most European countries.

Stereotactic radiation treatment planning and follow-up studies involving fused multimodality imaging

2004 ◽  
Vol 101 (Supplement3) ◽  
pp. 326-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus D. Hamm ◽  
Gunnar Surber ◽  
Michael Schmücking ◽  
Reinhard E. Wurm ◽  
Rene Aschenbach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Fusion ◽  
Treatment Planning ◽  
Radiation Treatment ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Radiation Treatment Planning ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Innovative new software solutions may enable image fusion to produce the desired data superposition for precise target definition and follow-up studies in radiosurgery/stereotactic radiotherapy in patients with intracranial lesions. The aim is to integrate the anatomical and functional information completely into the radiation treatment planning and to achieve an exact comparison for follow-up examinations. Special conditions and advantages of BrainLAB's fully automatic image fusion system are evaluated and described for this purpose. Methods. In 458 patients, the radiation treatment planning and some follow-up studies were performed using an automatic image fusion technique involving the use of different imaging modalities. Each fusion was visually checked and corrected as necessary. The computerized tomography (CT) scans for radiation treatment planning (slice thickness 1.25 mm), as well as stereotactic angiography for arteriovenous malformations, were acquired using head fixation with stereotactic arc or, in the case of stereotactic radiotherapy, with a relocatable stereotactic mask. Different magnetic resonance (MR) imaging sequences (T1, T2, and fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery images) and positron emission tomography (PET) scans were obtained without head fixation. Fusion results and the effects on radiation treatment planning and follow-up studies were analyzed. The precision level of the results of the automatic fusion depended primarily on the image quality, especially the slice thickness and the field homogeneity when using MR images, as well as on patient movement during data acquisition. Fully automated image fusion of different MR, CT, and PET studies was performed for each patient. Only in a few cases was it necessary to correct the fusion manually after visual evaluation. These corrections were minor and did not materially affect treatment planning. High-quality fusion of thin slices of a region of interest with a complete head data set could be performed easily. The target volume for radiation treatment planning could be accurately delineated using multimodal information provided by CT, MR, angiography, and PET studies. The fusion of follow-up image data sets yielded results that could be successfully compared and quantitatively evaluated. Conclusions. Depending on the quality of the originally acquired image, automated image fusion can be a very valuable tool, allowing for fast (∼ 1–2 minute) and precise fusion of all relevant data sets. Fused multimodality imaging improves the target volume definition for radiation treatment planning. High-quality follow-up image data sets should be acquired for image fusion to provide exactly comparable slices and volumetric results that will contribute to quality contol.

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