scholarly journals Cancer-Associated Cachexia: A Systemic Consequence of Cancer Progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 391-411
Author(s):  
Anup K. Biswas ◽  
Swarnali Acharyya
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Invasive Growth ◽  
Wasting Syndrome ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
And Function ◽  
Related Mortality

Cancer is a life-threatening disease that has plagued humans for centuries. The vast majority of cancer-related mortality results from metastasis. Indeed, the invasive growth of metastatic cancer cells in vital organs causes fatal organ dysfunction, but metastasis-related deaths also result from cachexia, a debilitating wasting syndrome characterized by an involuntary loss of skeletal muscle mass and function. In fact, about 80% of metastatic cancer patients suffer from cachexia, which often renders them too weak to tolerate standard doses of anticancer therapies and makes them susceptible to death from cardiac and respiratory failure. The goals of this review are to highlight important findings that help explain how cancer-induced systemic changes drive the development of cachexia and to discuss unmet challenges and potential therapeutic strategies targeting cachexia to improve the quality of life and survival of cancer patients.

Validation of the “Quality of Life in Life-Threatening Illness—Family Carer Version” (QOLLTI-F) in German-speaking carers of advanced cancer patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 2783-2791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Schur ◽  
Alexandra Ebert-Vogel ◽  
Michaela Amering ◽  
Eva Katharina Masel ◽  
Marie Neubauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Advanced Cancer ◽  
Family Carer ◽  
Advanced Cancer Patients ◽  
Life Threatening Illness ◽  
German Speaking ◽  
Life Threatening

scholarly journals Feasibility and efficacy of a supervised home-based physical exercise program for metastatic cancer patients receiving oral targeted therapy: study protocol for the phase II/III - UNICANCER SdS 01 QUALIOR trial

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Joly ◽  
Claudia Lefeuvre-Plesse ◽  
Claire Garnier-Tixidre ◽  
Carole Helissey ◽  
Nathalie Menneveau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Activity Program ◽  
Home Based

Abstract Background Currently, oral targeted therapies are known to be effective and are frequently used to treat metastatic cancer patients, but fatigue is a frequently reported early side effect of these treatments. This fatigue may impact the patient’s treatment adherence and result in a negative impact on quality of life. Physical exercise significantly improved the general well-being and quality of life of advanced cancer patients. However, there is no specific physical activity program adapted for patients with advanced disease. Methods QUALIOR is a two-part, randomized, open-label, and multicenter with two arms phase II/III trial. Patients (phase II: n = 120; phase III: n = 312) with metastatic cancer (breast cancer, kidney cancer, lung cancer, and other cancers [including but not limited to colon cancer, melanoma, sarcoma, or hepatocarcinoma]) treated with a first- or second-line oral targeted therapy without chemotherapy will be included. Patients will be randomized (2:1) to a 3-month supervised home-based standardized physical activity program or to a recommended adapted physical activity (via a booklet). The primary objective of the phase II is to evaluate the feasibility of the supervised program. The primary objective of the phase III is the evaluation of the benefit of the supervised home-based program compare to the recommended program in terms of fatigue and quality of life at 3 months. The secondary objectives aim to evaluate the impact of the supervised program on fatigue over time, pain, physical capacities, psychosocial and cognitive functions, general quality of life, frequency of dose reduction and patients’ adherence to the targeted therapy, overall survival, and progression-free survival. This study will also evaluate the medico-economic impact of supervised program compared to the recommended adapted physical activity program. Discussion The aim of this study is to evaluate home-based physical exercise program for metastatic cancer patients treated with oral targeted therapies to help patients to cope with fatigue and improve quality of life. Trial registration This trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov since May 2017 (NCT03169075).

scholarly journals Bone Metastases in Lung Cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana C. Belzarena
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Bone Metastases ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Common Symptom ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Skeletal Related Events ◽  
And Function

Lung cancer patients frequently present with to bone metastases. Such lesions are responsible for increased morbidity, low quality of life, and increased costs to patients and the health care system. Pain is the most common symptom; however, these lesions also present as skeletal related events (SRE) which include pathological fractures, hypercalcemia, spinal cord and nerve compressions and cause the need for surgery and/or radiotherapy. Even though bone metastases are associated with poor prognosis, current treatment multimodalities continue to improve survival. Awareness and effective treatment of these lesions is paramount to maintain a good quality of life and function in lung cancer patients.

scholarly journals The Effect of Pain Self-Management Education on Pain Severity and Quality of Life in Metastatic Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Simin Jahani ◽  
Mahsa Musavi ◽  
Marziyeh Asadizaker ◽  
Elham Maraghi ◽  
Sasan Razmjoo
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Self Management

Quality of End of Life Care among Metastatic Cancer Patients Receiving Radiation Therapy

2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. e423
Author(s):  
K. Sborov ◽  
S. Giaretta ◽  
A. Koong ◽  
S. Aggarwal ◽  
R. Von Eyben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
End Of Life Care ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Life Care

scholarly journals A Perspective on Therapeutic Pan-Resistance in Metastatic Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (19) ◽  
pp. 7304
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Korentzelos ◽  
Amanda M. Clark ◽  
Alan Wells
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Metastatic Relapse ◽  
Clinical Phenomenon ◽  
Resistance To Chemotherapy ◽  
Related Mortality

Metastatic spread represents the leading cause of disease-related mortality among cancer patients. Many cancer patients suffer from metastatic relapse years or even decades after radical surgery for the primary tumor. This clinical phenomenon is explained by the early dissemination of cancer cells followed by a long period of dormancy. Although dormancy could be viewed as a window of opportunity for therapeutic interventions, dormant disseminated cancer cells and micrometastases, as well as emergent outgrowing macrometastases, exhibit a generalized, innate resistance to chemotherapy and even immunotherapy. This therapeutic pan-resistance, on top of other adaptive responses to targeted agents such as acquired mutations and lineage plasticity, underpins the current difficulties in eradicating cancer. In the present review, we attempt to provide a framework to understand the underlying biology of this major issue.

Examining perceptions of financial toxicity among cancer patients: The Financial Toxicity 16 Questionnaire.

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e19389-e19389
Author(s):  
Roberto Bordonaro ◽  
Fabrizio Castagna ◽  
Dario Piazza ◽  
Stefano Sergio Cordio ◽  
Concetta Sergi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Financial Toxicity ◽  
Related Factors

e19389 Background: Financial toxicity (FT) among cancer patients (CP) is multifactorial, arising from both disease-related and non- disease related factors, including socio-cultural, environmental, and psychological attributes. It derives both from costs related to assistance and borne on the patients and its caregivers, and reduction of income capacity also in this case borne on the patients and on the caregivers. Stress levels may escalate to significant proportions in some patient, to present with symptoms of anxiety especially during therapy administration periods. Methods: In order to highlight financial toxicity related to the diagnosis of metastatic pancreatic and lung cancer and to measure its evolution over time and any correlation with the prognosis, we developed a questionnaire called FT16 and we conducted a validation study on a sample of 31 patients. The design of the study involved the development and the psychometric assessment of a scale to measure the perceived sources of FT among CP. Following extensive literature review, a table of specification with the initial items was created to guide item construction for developing the scale. The items related to these FT were converted into an 16-item, multipoint questionnaire, resulting in the FT16. We also monitored quality of life of the patients, using the QlQ C-30 questionnaire, in the aim to capture correlation between FT onset and quality of life deterioration; clinical characteristics of the patients, response to therapy and outcome parameters also have been recorded in the aim to evaluate eventual correlation with FT. Results: The questionnaire was administered to 31 adult patients with lung and pancreatic metastatic cancer, both men and women, who were newly diagnosed and will undergo cancer treatment. Each of them has been informed about the research and written informed consent has been obtained. The internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) was 0.77 for the 16 items of the FT16. Analyses of variance (ANOVAs) indicated that there were no significant differences in the mean FT16 score, between sexes, and age groups in the severity score. Conclusions: FT16 questionnaire seems to be an useful tool to capture FT onset in this poor-prognosis subset of patients; the analysis of the data recorded will continue to assess the capability of the FT16 to capture correlations with clinical characteristics at diagnosis and correlations with the prognosis.

Depression Among Cancer Patients–A Reality Where Therapeutic Nihilism Cannot be Accepted

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S236-S236
Author(s):  
M. Marinho ◽  
J. Marques ◽  
M. Bragança
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Loss Of Self ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Keywords Cancer ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionCancer is a life-threatening disease, characterized by a great deal of uncertainty and unpredictability. Thus, several stressors and emotional upheavals pervade the everyday life of cancer patients and can lead to the development of depression.ObjectivesTo review the recent research related to depression in cancer patients.MethodsLiterature review based on PubMed/MEDLINE, using the keywords “cancer” and “depression”.ResultsIt is estimated that 20–25% of cancer patients meet the criteria for major depressive syndrome at some point in their illness. Depression is associated with a negative impact on treatment adhesion, cancer progression and quality of life, besides increasing suicide risk. However, it is often unrecognized and untreated. Importantly, the mistaken belief that depressive symptoms are expected in this group, the overlap between the neurovegetative symptoms of depression, the somatic symptoms of cancer and its treatment, as well as the effects of comorbid diseases make the diagnosis of major depression so complex in these patients. Some of the most helpful diagnostic indicators are feelings of hopelessness, worthlessness, excessive guilt, loss of self-esteem, and wishes to die. The several risk factors for the development of depression in cancer patients can be divided into four broad categories, namely cancer-related factors, cancer treatment-related factors, psychiatric history, and social factors. Effective management of depression consists in a combination of psychotherapy and psychopharmacology.ConclusionDepression in cancer patients has serious consequences, however appropriate psychiatric intervention can do it over. Thus, its early recognition and appropriate management is imperative.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Metabolic reprogramming and cancer progression

Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 368 (6487) ◽  
pp. eaaw5473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Faubert ◽  
Ashley Solmonson ◽  
Ralph J. DeBerardinis
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Tumor Biology ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Metabolic Reprogramming ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Metabolic Properties ◽  
Metabolic Heterogeneity

Metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of malignancy. As our understanding of the complexity of tumor biology increases, so does our appreciation of the complexity of tumor metabolism. Metabolic heterogeneity among human tumors poses a challenge to developing therapies that exploit metabolic vulnerabilities. Recent work also demonstrates that the metabolic properties and preferences of a tumor change during cancer progression. This produces distinct sets of vulnerabilities between primary tumors and metastatic cancer, even in the same patient or experimental model. We review emerging concepts about metabolic reprogramming in cancer, with particular attention on why metabolic properties evolve during cancer progression and how this information might be used to develop better therapeutic strategies.

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