scholarly journals The impact of using virtual patients in preclinical pharmacology teaching

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 363-369
Author(s):  
Persoulla A. Nicolaou ◽  
Mamoun El Saifi
Keyword(s):  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Knowledge Integration ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Virtual Patients ◽  
Angoff Method ◽  
Passive Learning ◽  
Preclinical Pharmacology ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Consistent Information ◽  
The Impact

To reduce medication errors, medical educators must nurture the early development of rational and safe prescribing. Teaching pharmacology is challenging because it requires knowledge integration across disciplines, including physiology and pathology. Traditionally, pharmacology has been taught using lecture-based learning, which conveys consistent information but may promote passive learning. Virtual patients (VPs) have been used more recently to promote active learning, mainly in clinical years. Conversely, the use of VPs in preclinical disciplines, including pharmacology, is not well described. The objective was to investigate the potential benefits of combining traditional teaching with VPs in preclinical pharmacology teaching. All year 3 medical students (2 cohorts), enrolled in the Systematic Pharmacology I course (lectures: 3 h weekly; tutorial: 1 h weekly), were invited to participate in this naturalistic, prospective study. During tutorials, students were taught using case-based discussion and single-best-answer questions (control) in four tutorials and VPs (experimental) in the remaining six tutorials. The impact of VPs was assessed by 1) performance in written examinations, and 2) student satisfaction/perceptions, using a validated, modified questionnaire. Examination performance related to teaching in VP-based tutorials was significantly improved, compared with traditional tutorials. The level of difficulty of control and experimental assessment items was comparable, as determined by the Angoff method. Facilitation of learning was higher in VP tutorials, while a no-harm effect was noted on knowledge acquisition/maintenance, authenticity of learning, and disadvantages of learning. VPs may be effectively integrated in preclinical pharmacology teaching, with benefits on pharmacological knowledge and facilitation of learning.

scholarly journals Using Debates as Assessment in a Physiotherapy Capstone Course: A Case Example

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-143
Author(s):  
Benjamin K. Weeks ◽  
◽  
Liisa Laakso ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Experience ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Generic Skills ◽  
Capstone Course ◽  
Assessment Item ◽  
Potential Benefits

While not a new teaching and learning approach, debating may be considered novel when included in a suite of more traditional teaching and learning activities. Despite the potential benefits of debates for the development of generic skills, their use in physiotherapy education remains unreported. Thus, our aim was to evaluate student satisfaction of a debate assessment item in a physiotherapy capstone course. We recruited students enrolled in a final year physiotherapy course undertaking a group debate assessment. Students were invited to complete two surveys of their expectations regarding the debate assessment, and their satisfaction after completing the debate. Students were further invited to participate in a focus group. All students participated in the debate (n = 20). Six students (30%) completed the first survey, 16 students (80%) completed the second survey, and seven students (35%) participated in the post-debate focus group. We found that before the assessment item students were apprehensive about the debate, however they felt it would be a beneficial learning experience. After the debate, students claimed they enjoyed the novel assessment and were supportive of its continued inclusion in the capstone course, however, students were ambivalent on the inclusion of debates in earlier courses in the program.

Analyse The Impact Of Moocs To Improve The Performance Of Faculty Members In Delhi Ncr

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (9) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
Dr.Deepa Gupta ◽  
Dr.Mukul Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Massive Online Open Courses ◽  
Open Courses ◽  
The Impact

In this research paper, the researcher has attempted to analyse the impact of MOOCs to improve the performance of faculty members concerning Delhi NCR. Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) are evolving rapidly, and many kinds of research have been conducted to explore the structure, effectiveness and issues arise in MOOCs. The free accessibility of MOOCs has believed in soon replace the traditional teaching and learning method.

Interprofessional Education Week: the impact of active and passive learning activities on students’ perceptions of interprofessional education

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Briyana L. M. Morrell ◽  
Kara A. Cecil ◽  
Alison M. Nichols ◽  
Elizabeth S. Moore ◽  
Jennifer N. Carmack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Learning Activities ◽  
Passive Learning ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals A Stochastic Optimal Control Approach for Power Management in Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott J. Moura ◽  
Hosam K. Fathy ◽  
Duncan S. Callaway ◽  
Jeffrey L. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Power Management ◽  
Hybrid Electric Vehicle ◽  
Single Mode ◽  
Stochastic Dynamic ◽  
Electricity Pricing ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Hybrid Electric ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Charge Depletion

This paper examines the problem of optimally splitting driver power demand among the different actuators (i.e., the engine and electric machines) in a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV). Existing studies focus mostly on optimizing PHEV power management for fuel economy, subject to charge sustenance constraints, over individual drive cycles. This paper adds three original contributions to this literature. First, it uses stochastic dynamic programming to optimize PHEV power management over a distribution of drive cycles, rather than a single cycle. Second, it explicitly trades off fuel and electricity usage in a PHEV, thereby systematically exploring the potential benefits of controlled charge depletion over aggressive charge depletion followed by charge sustenance. Finally, it examines the impact of variations in relative fuel-to-electricity pricing on optimal PHEV power management. The paper focuses on a single-mode powersplit PHEV configuration for mid-size sedans, but its approach is extendible to other configurations and sizes as well.

Measuring the impact of inquiry-based learning on outcomes and student satisfaction

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (8) ◽  
pp. 1050-1069 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luis Zafra-Gómez ◽  
Isabel Román-Martínez ◽  
María Elena Gómez-Miranda
Keyword(s):  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Inquiry Based Learning ◽  
The Impact

Effect of COVID-19 on vaccination coverage in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelle Moura Silveira ◽  
Neida Lucia Conrad ◽  
Fábio Pereira Leivas Leite
Keyword(s):  
Vaccination Coverage ◽  
Physical Distance ◽  
Disease Notification ◽  
Notification System ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Antigen Vaccine ◽  
Restricted Mobility ◽  
Consistent Information ◽  
The Impact

During the COVID-19 pandemic, recommendations for maintaining physical distance, restricted mobility measures, as well as fear of mass transmission by going to health centers have significantly contributed to the general vaccination coverage, which by and large is decreasing worldwide; thus, favoring the potential re-emergence of vaccine-preventable diseases. In this study, we have used the existing data on vaccination coverage during the pre-pandemic (2019) as well as the pandemic (2020) period to evaluate the impact of coronavirus outbreaks during the vaccination drive in Brazil. Furthermore, we have accumulated data since 2015 among the different regions of the country to acquire more consistent information. The various vaccines analyzed in our study were meningococcal C conjugate, Triple antigen vaccine, 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate, and BCG; subsequently, the data were obtained from the National Disease Notification System. This study revealed that the ongoing immunization drive saw a steep decline of around 10 to 20% during the (2019–2020) pandemic period in Brazil. These results provide strong evidence towards the decreasing trends following the vaccination programs during the COVID-19 pandemic period in Brazil. Furthermore, our results also highlight the importance of adopting widespread multi-component interventions to improve vaccination uptake rates.

Open science reforms: Strengths, challenges, and future directions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn R. Wentzel
Keyword(s):  
Research Design ◽  
Educational Psychology ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Policy And Practice ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Science Practices ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
The Impact

In this article, I comment on the potential benefits and limitations of open science reforms for improving the transparency and accountability of research, and enhancing the credibility of research findings within communities of policy and practice. Specifically, I discuss the role of replication and reproducibility of research in promoting better quality studies, the identification of generalizable principles, and relevance for practitioners and policymakers. Second, I suggest that greater attention to theory might contribute to the impact of open science practices, and discuss ways in which theory has implications for sampling, measurement and research design. Ambiguities concerning the aims of preregistration and registered reports also are highlighted. In conclusion, I discuss structural roadblocks to open science reform and reflect on the relevance of these reforms for educational psychology.

scholarly journals Didactic and technological tool to encourage study in students of the Systems Engineering School at the National University of Trujillo [Herramienta didáctica y tecnológica para incentivar el estudio en los alumnos de la Escuela de Ingeniería de Sistemas de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo]

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Luis Enrrique Boy Chavil ◽  
Juan Carlos Obando Roldan
Keyword(s):  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Institutional Policies ◽  
Engineering School ◽  
A Value ◽  
National University ◽  
Academic Units ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
Level Of Motivation ◽  
The Impact

The present research aims to analyze and evaluate a didactic and technological tool and see the impact to encourage study in the students of the Systems Engineering School at the National University of Trujillo, during the 2020-II semester. It was possible to implement the Stormboard application for the development of Brainstorming as a didactic strategy through which it is intended to encourage the creative and innovative aspect of students when addressing topics and case studies. Analyzing the results obtained, we can point out that impacts were determined on the level of motivation for the study of students with a value of 8%, as well as the impact on the level of perception of educational services of students was determined in the order of 24% and finally, results of the impact on the level of student satisfaction were obtained in the order of 17%. Finally, it is proposed that these didactic initiatives be taken into account in the academic and institutional policies of the Systems Engineering School of in order to extrapolate the practice to other academic units at the National University of Trujillo.

scholarly journals Mathematics Anxiety in Pre-Service Elementary Teachers and its Impact on their Teaching

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Basso
Keyword(s):  
Elementary Teachers ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Mathematics Anxiety ◽  
Teaching Practices ◽  
Math Anxiety ◽  
Traditional Teaching ◽  
Traditional Teaching Methods ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Anxiety in pre-service elementary teachers (PSETs) often affects their views of mathematics as well as the practices and teaching methods they choose to use. Due to this, many PSETs often choose to use traditional teaching methods in the classroom which can have counteractive effects on their math anxiety (Harper & Daane, 1998; Olson & Stoehr, 2019; Tooke & Lindstrom, 1998). The goal of this paper is to better comprehend and discover the ways in which math anxiety in PSETs impacts their teaching and whether there are ways to limit these negative emotions about mathematics. Much of the research on this topic look at either PSETs’ beliefs/views or their teaching practices. The focus of this paper will be to analyze the relationship between their beliefs/views and their teaching such to look at how one influences the other or if they have a symbiotic relationship as well as looking at how one’s individual psychology influences these beliefs/views. Using a symbolic interactionist lens, the arguments provide evidence from the literature that looks at the relationships between people and others. Moreover, in touching upon these relationships, this paper also delves into gender issues and stereotypes that have influenced these relationships. The implications of this paper deal primarily with the impact of gender stereotypes on teaching and anxiety as well as what teaching practices are most favourable when looking at reducing anxiety levels in PSETs.

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