scholarly journals Evaluation of chest ultrasound integrated teaching of respiratory system physiology to medical students

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 514-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Paganini ◽  
Michela Bondì ◽  
Alessandro Rubini
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Human Physiology ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Chest Ultrasound ◽  
System Physiology

Ultrasound imaging is a widely used diagnostic technique, whose integration in medical education is constantly growing. The aim of this study was to evaluate chest ultrasound usefulness in teaching respiratory system physiology, students’ perception of chest ultrasound integration into a traditional lecture in human physiology, and short–term concept retention. A lecture about respiratory physiology was integrated with ultrasound and delivered to third-year medical students. It included basic concepts of ultrasound imaging and the physiology of four anatomic sectors of the body of a male volunteer, shown with a portable ultrasound device (pleural sliding, diaphragmatic movement, inferior vena cava diameter variations, cardiac movements). Students’ perceptions of the integrated lecture were assessed, and attendance recorded. After 4 mo, four multiple-choice questions about respiratory physiology were administered during the normal human physiology examinations, and the results of students who attended the lesson and those of who did not were compared. One hundred thirty-four students attended the lecture. Most of them showed encouragement for the study of the subject and considered the ultrasound integrated lecture more interesting than a traditional one and pertinent to the syllabus. Exposed students achieved a better score at the examination and committed less errors than did nonexposed students. The chest ultrasound integrated lecture was appreciated by students. A possible association between the exposure to the lecture and short-term concept retention is shown by better performances of the exposed cohort at the examination. A systematic introduction of ultrasound into physiology traditional teaching will be promoted by the Ultrasound-Based Medical Education movement.

The Respiratory System: Physiology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Yerxa ◽  
Cory J Vatsaas ◽  
Suresh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Physiologic Mechanism ◽  
Acid Base Equilibrium ◽  
System Physiology

Respiratory system uses an elegant physiologic mechanism to support the metabolic demands of the body through oxygenation and ventilation. Oxygen must be absorbed and delivered to the tissues to sustain oxidative metabolism, whereas carbon dioxide must be expelled in a delicate balance to maintain an acid-base equilibrium. Complete understanding of oxygen content, delivery, consumption, and carbon dioxide elimination is essential as a provider caring for the critically ill patient. This review contains 13 figures and 25 references. Key Words: oxygenation, respiratory system, ventilation, gas exchange, haemoglobin, respiratory physiology, respiratory anatomy, oxidative metabolism, dead space.

The Respiratory System: Physiology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Yerxa ◽  
Cory J Vatsaas ◽  
Suresh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Physiologic Mechanism ◽  
Acid Base Equilibrium ◽  
System Physiology

Respiratory system uses an elegant physiologic mechanism to support the metabolic demands of the body through oxygenation and ventilation. Oxygen must be absorbed and delivered to the tissues to sustain oxidative metabolism, whereas carbon dioxide must be expelled in a delicate balance to maintain an acid-base equilibrium. Complete understanding of oxygen content, delivery, consumption, and carbon dioxide elimination is essential as a provider caring for the critically ill patient. This review contains 13 figures and 25 references. Key Words: oxygenation, respiratory system, ventilation, gas exchange, haemoglobin, respiratory physiology, respiratory anatomy, oxidative metabolism, dead space.

The Respiratory System: Physiology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Yerxa ◽  
Cory J Vatsaas ◽  
Suresh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Physiologic Mechanism ◽  
Acid Base Equilibrium ◽  
System Physiology

Respiratory system uses an elegant physiologic mechanism to support the metabolic demands of the body through oxygenation and ventilation. Oxygen must be absorbed and delivered to the tissues to sustain oxidative metabolism, whereas carbon dioxide must be expelled in a delicate balance to maintain an acid-base equilibrium. Complete understanding of oxygen content, delivery, consumption, and carbon dioxide elimination is essential as a provider caring for the critically ill patient. This review contains 13 figures and 25 references. Key Words: oxygenation, respiratory system, ventilation, gas exchange, haemoglobin, respiratory physiology, respiratory anatomy, oxidative metabolism, dead space.

The Respiratory System: Physiology

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Yerxa ◽  
Cory J Vatsaas ◽  
Suresh Agarwal
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Oxidative Metabolism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Respiratory Physiology ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Physiologic Mechanism ◽  
Acid Base Equilibrium ◽  
System Physiology

Respiratory system uses an elegant physiologic mechanism to support the metabolic demands of the body through oxygenation and ventilation. Oxygen must be absorbed and delivered to the tissues to sustain oxidative metabolism, whereas carbon dioxide must be expelled in a delicate balance to maintain an acid-base equilibrium. Complete understanding of oxygen content, delivery, consumption, and carbon dioxide elimination is essential as a provider caring for the critically ill patient. This review contains 13 figures and 25 references. Key Words: oxygenation, respiratory system, ventilation, gas exchange, haemoglobin, respiratory physiology, respiratory anatomy, oxidative metabolism, dead space.

scholarly journals Short-term outcomes and long-term impact of a programme in medical education for medical students

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 260-267 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela B Andreatta ◽  
Miranda L Hillard ◽  
Margaret Ann Murphy ◽  
Larry D Gruppen ◽  
Patricia B Mullan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Long Term Impact

scholarly journals Curiosity in Online Video Concept Learning and Short-Term Outcomes in Blended Medical Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Maw Ho ◽  
Chi-Chuan Yeh ◽  
Jann-Yuan Wang ◽  
Rey-Heng Hu ◽  
Po-Huang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Mixed Methods Research ◽  
Online Video ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Video Viewing ◽  
Online Videos

Background: A student's level of curiosity in a subject after learning about it through online videos has not been addressed well in the medical education field. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to investigate online learning's effect on the stimulation of curiosity and short-term learning outcomes in a blended framework of precision medical education.Methods: A mixed-methods research design was used. During the 2020 academic year, all fifth-year medical students who, prior to class, viewed 6 video clips that presented 6 core concepts were invited to complete a survey and self-reflection on their learning process to assess their level of curiosity in each concept. For each group of medical students, teaching assistants helped collect anonymous survey data and summative assessment scores representing the students' learning outcomes. Video-viewing patterns, attained through an action log transformation, were also coded for analysis. Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests were employed to compare differences between groups, and multiple linear regression was used to select the factors affecting learning outcomes. Qualitative data were content-coded through a descriptive approach using thematic analysis.Results: Of 142 medical students, 136 watched the online videos, 124 responded to the questionnaires, and 92 provided comments. Students' curiosity levels after learning about each concept through online videos significantly correlated with the degree to which a concept was learned. Medical students spent a median of 1.6 h online, and pause frequency correlated with curiosity in certain concepts. Aroused curiosity was associated with short-term learning outcomes in inconsistent effect sizes and directions. Students' feedback revealed various dimensions of curiosity, including novelty acknowledgment, recognition of an information gap, and information-seeking requests.Conclusions: Curiosity can be induced through online video learning platforms and has a role in short-term learning outcomes in medical education.

scholarly journals An Ayurvedic Perspective of Hrid Dhauti in Shatkarmas and its Impact upon Human Physiology

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 36-42
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Yadav ◽  
Niyanta Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Human Physiology ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Digestive System ◽  
Physiological Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Physical Discipline

Yoga is an ancient psycho-physical discipline used for the spiritual elevation from centuries. It starts with the sustainability and health of the body as it is the medium of human existence. Hence Yogic science emphasizes cleansing processes for the purification before the practice of asana or pranayama. It is also essential to gain the benefits of further practices such as Asana and Dhyana. Among the cleansing processes, Dhauti is a jewel. It is classified into four categories, Anatar dhauti (Digestive Track), Danta (Mouth), Hrid (Chest), and Moola shodhana (Rectum). In which Hrid Dhauti is prominent one. Here Hrid means heart, while Dhauti refers to wash organs. It is closely associated with the heart and its nearby organs such as stomach. These Hrid Dhauti is further classified into three methods, Danda (stem), Vamana (water vomiting) and Vastra (cloth). It consists of cleaning the esophagus and stomach in three ways and helps in the management of respiratory system and upper digestive system aliments. It also cleans the gastrointestinal tract from mouth to the stomach. Now it is essential to study the yogic techniques from the ayurvedic perspective. This study has been conducted to explore the physiological effect of Hrid Dhauti from the Ayurveda`s perspective.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of virtual and augmented reality for improving knowledge and skills in medical students: protocol for a systematic review

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e047004
Author(s):  
Zain Hussain ◽  
Dominic Mark Ng ◽  
Nouf Alnafisee ◽  
Zakariya Sheikh ◽  
Nathan Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Augmented Reality ◽  
Clinical Skills ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Knowledge And Skills

IntroductionVirtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies are increasingly being used in undergraduate medical education. We aim to evaluate the effectiveness of VR and AR technologies for improving knowledge and skills in medical students.Methods and analysisUsing Best Evidence in Medical Education (BEME) collaboration guidelines, we will search MEDLINE (via PubMed), Education Resources Information Center, PsycINFO, Web of Knowledge, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for English-language records, from January 1990 to March 2021. Randomised trials that studied the use of VR or AR devices for teaching medical students will be included. Studies that assessed other healthcare professionals, or did not have a comparator group, will be excluded. The primary outcome measures relate to medical students’ knowledge and clinical skills. Two reviewers will independently screen studies and assess eligibility based on our prespecified eligibility criteria, and then extract data from each eligible study using a modified BEME coding form. Any disagreements will be resolved by discussion or, if necessary, the involvement of a third reviewer. The BEME Quality Indicators checklist and the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool will be used to assess the quality of the body of evidence. Where data are of sufficient homogeneity, a meta-analysis using a random-effects model will be conducted. Otherwise, a narrative synthesis approach will be taken and studies will be evaluated based on Kirkpatrick’s levels of educational outcomes and the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis guidelines.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this systematic review as no primary data are being collected. We will disseminate the findings of this review through scientific conferences and through publication in a peer-reviewed journal.

scholarly journals Cultivation of humanistic values in medical education through anatomy pedagogy and gratitude ceremony for body donors

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaihua Guo ◽  
Tao Luo ◽  
Li-Hua Zhou ◽  
Dazheng Xu ◽  
Guangming Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Significant Others ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Medical Graduate ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Doctor Patient Relationship ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background One of the most important objectives of modern medical education is to empower medical students to become humanistic clinicians. Human anatomy plays a crucial role in this mission by using cadavers to cause reflections on death, dying, illness, and the role of medical practitioners in humanistic care. The objective of this study was to introduce, describe, and evaluate the impact of a ceremony in honor of the body donors on ethical and humanistic attitudes of medical students. Methods We used a phenomenological research approach to explore and understand the lived experiences of the anatomy teachers as they teach anatomy in the context of humanism and ethics. A separate survey of third-year medical students was carried out to understand their perceptions of changes in themselves, respect for donors and donor families, and their relationship with patients. Data were collected in two phases: a desktop review of teaching materials followed by in-depth interviews of the main anatomy teachers followed by a self-administered, 5-item Likert scaled questionnaire given to students. Results In the present article, we describe the rituals conducted in honor of body donors at our School of Medicine. We also describe the lived experiences of anatomy teachers as they work on improving humanistic education quality through the introduction of the concept of “silent mentor” which refers to a cadaver that quietly allows medical students to learn from it. In turn, a ceremony in honor of body donors who have altruistically donated their bodies so that learning anatomy through dissection would be possible is also introduced. A survey of the impact of the ceremony in honor of body donors on medical students revealed positive responses in terms of promoting studying anatomy (3.96 Vs 3.95) as well as reflections on own death (4.44 Vs 4.35), the life of body donors (4.07 Vs 4.04), and how to humanely view future patients and their significant others (4.32 Vs 4.24) relative to those that did not attend the ceremony (5-item Likert scale). The majority of the students that attended the ceremony also indicated that it had a positive impact on their future doctor-patient relationship, thinking about the possibility of donating their body for teaching as well as about medical ethics. Most of them also think that attending the ceremony helped reduce their anxiety, fear, and disgust of seeing corpses or dissecting and 90% insisted that memorial ceremonies should continue being conducted at Zhongshan Medical School. Conclusion The combination of the anatomy component of the basic medical curriculum and gratitude ceremonies as well as activities to promote body bequeathal programs might help to accomplish the goal of cultivating high-quality medical students and professionals for the future. The long-term benefits would be a medical graduate who exudes empathy, relates well with patients and their significant others, leading to a productive doctor-patient relationship.

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