Intense electroacupuncture normalizes insulin sensitivity, increases muscle GLUT4 content, and improves lipid profile in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (4) ◽  
pp. E551-E559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Johansson ◽  
Yi Feng ◽  
Ruijin Shao ◽  
Malin Lönn ◽  
Håkan Billig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Muscle Protein ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance, possibly reflecting defects in skeletal muscle and adipocyte insulin signaling. Low-frequency (2 Hz) electroacupuncture (EA) increases insulin sensitivity in female rats with dihydrotestosterone (DHT)-induced PCOS, but the mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that low-frequency EA regulates mediators involved in skeletal muscle glucose uptake and metabolism and alters the lipid profile in rats with DHT-induced PCOS. To test this hypothesis, we implanted in prepubescent female rats 90-day continuous-release pellets containing DHT (PCOS). At 70 days of age, the rats were randomly subdivided into two groups: one received low-frequency EA (evoking muscle twitches) for 20–25 min five times/wk for 4–5 wk; the other did not. Controls were implanted with pellets containing vehicle only. All three groups were otherwise handled similarly. Lipid profile was measured in fasting blood samples. Insulin sensitivity was determined by euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp, soleus muscle protein expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), and phosphorylated and nonphosphorylated Akt, and Akt substrate of 160 kDa was determined by Western blot analysis and GLUT4 location by immunofluorescence staining. PCOS EA rats had normalized insulin sensitivity, lower levels of total high-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and increased expression of GLUT4 in different compartments of skeletal muscle compared with PCOS rats. Total weight and body composition did not differ in the groups. Thus, in rats with DHT-induced PCOS, low-frequency EA has systemic and local effects involving intracellular signaling pathways in muscle that may, at least in part, account for the marked improved insulin sensitivity.

Insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome is associated with defective regulation of ERK1/2 by insulin in skeletal muscle in vivo

2009 ◽  
Vol 418 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhurima Rajkhowa ◽  
Sandra Brett ◽  
Daniel J. Cuthbertson ◽  
Christopher Lipina ◽  
Antonio J. Ruiz-Alcaraz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Insulin Signalling ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Insulin Stimulation ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Stimulation Of

Insulin resistance is a recognized feature of PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome). However, the molecular reason(s) underlying this reduced cellular insulin sensitivity is not clear. The present study compares the major insulin signalling pathways in skeletal muscle isolated from PCOS and controls. We measured whole-body insulin sensitivity and insulin signalling in skeletal muscle biopsies taken before and after acute exposure to hyperinsulinaemia in nine women diagnosed with PCOS and seven controls. We examined the expression, basal activity and response to in vivo insulin stimulation of three signalling molecules within these human muscle samples, namely IRS-1 (insulin receptor substrate-1), PKB (protein kinase B) and ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase) 1/2. There was no significant difference in the expression, basal activity or activation of IRS-1 or PKB between PCOS and control subjects. However, there was a severe attenuation of insulin stimulation of the ERK pathway in muscle from all but two of the women with PCOS (the two most obese), and an accompanying trend towards higher basal phosphorylation of ERK1/2 in PCOS. These results are striking in that the metabolic actions of insulin are widely believed to require the IRS-1/PKB pathway rather than ERK, and the former has been reported as defective in some previous PCOS studies. Most importantly, the molecular defect identified was independent of adiposity. The altered response of ERK to insulin in PCOS was the most obvious signalling defect associated with insulin resistance in muscle from these patients.

scholarly journals Investigation of Therapeutic Effects of Erdosteine on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in a Rat Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atilla Karateke ◽  
Recep Dokuyucu ◽  
Hatice Dogan ◽  
Tumay Ozgur ◽  
Zeynel Abidin Tas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Pcos Group

Objective: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a serious endocrine disorder. In the present study, we investigated the therapeutic effects of erdosteine in letrozole-induced PCOS in rats. Methods: Thirty-two Wistar albino female rats were grouped as control group (C), PCOS group (PCOS), PCOS-metformin group (PCOS+MET), and PCOS-erdosteine group (PCOS+Erd). PCOS was induced by administering letrozole; such rats presented with sex hormone disorder, abnormal estrous cycles determined by daily vaginal smear, large cystic follicles, and increasing fasting insulin levels. After induction of PCOS, metformin (500 mg/kg/day) and erdosteine (100 mg/kg/day) were given orally to the treatment groups for 30 days. Serum concentrations of glucose, total cholesterol, low- and high-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, as well as the total oxidant and antioxidant status, oxidative stress index, circulating estrone (E1), estradiol (E2), testosterone, and androstenedione were evaluated. The ovaries were graded histologically. Results: Weights of ovarian tissues (p < 0.05) and the number of atretic follicles (p < 0.001) and cystic follicles (p < 0.01) decreased in the PCOS+Erd group; the corpus luteum number was significantly higher in the PCOS+Erd group (p < 0.01) as compared with the PCOS group. Lipid parameters (total-C, LDL-C, and TG), E1 (estrone), E1/E2 ratio, testosterone, and androstenedione significantly decreased, while HDL-C and E2 (estradiol) significantly increased in the PCOS+Erd group as compared with the PCOS group. Moreover glucose, insulin, and HOMA-IR were reduced with treatment of erdosteine (p > 0.05, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). Conclusion: It is suggested that erdosteine may be used in the treatment of PCOS as an alternative to metformin. It appears that our findings might be supported by clinical and molecular studies.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF METFORMIN ON THE BLOOD LIPID PROFILE AND INSULIN SENSITIVITY IN OBESE WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME

Heart ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 98 (Suppl 2) ◽  
pp. E155.3-E156
Author(s):  
Erhong Zhang ◽  
Ping Wang ◽  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
Weijie Xing ◽  
Xin Tao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of Endocrinologic and Metabolic Parameters in Reproductive Age Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) Women Concerning the Severity of Hyperandrogenemia—A New Insight on Syndrome Pathogenesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (24) ◽  
pp. 9291
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Ozegowska ◽  
Marcin Korman ◽  
Agnieszka Szmyt ◽  
Leszek Pawelczyk
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Group 3

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by hyperandrogenism, anovulation, infertility, obesity, and insulin resistance, which results in increased concentrations of testosterone (T), which disturbs follicular growth and ovulation. This study aimed to assess PCOS women’s clinical, endocrinological, and metabolic parameters concerning hyperandrogenism severity. Results: 314 women (mean age 27.3 ± 4.6; mean body mass index (BMI) 25.7 ± 5.6) with PCOS, were divided into terciles according to T concentrations: <0.64 ng/mL (group 1), 0.64 to 0.84 ng/mL (Group 2) and >0.84 ng/mL (group 3). The mean concentration of T in all women was 0.59 ng/mL and correlated negatively with the number of menstrual cycles per year (MPY) (r = −0.36; p < 0.0001) and positively with Ferriman-Gallway score (FG) (r = 0.33; p < 0.0001), luteinizing hormone (LH) (r = 0.19; p < 0.0001) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) (r = 0.52; p < 0.0001). Positive correlation between BMI and hirsutism (r = 0.16; p < 0.0001), total cholesterol (TC) (r = 0.18; p < 0.0001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (r = 0.29; p < 0.0001), and triglycerides (TG) (r = 0.40; p < 0.0001) was demonstrated. The division into subgroups confirmed the lowest MPY, highest LH, and hirsutism in group 3. BMI, insulin sensitivity indices, and lipid profile parameters were not different between the three T subgroups. Conclusions: We found no correlation between testosterone levels and insulin sensitivity or dyslipidemia in women with PCOS. Metabolic abnormalities may contribute more significantly than hyperandrogenemia to PCOS development.

The PCOS Patients differ in Lipid Profile According to their Phenotypes

2018 ◽  
Vol 126 (07) ◽  
pp. 437-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Spałkowska ◽  
Sandra Mrozińska ◽  
Anna Gałuszka-Bednarczyk ◽  
Katarzyna Gosztyła ◽  
Agnieszka Przywara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Tissue Mass ◽  
Free Androgen Index

AbstractPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) affects 4–18% of women of reproductive age. The number of reports exploring the lipid profiles among PCOS patients and number of studied patients are limited. The aim of our study was to assess the lipid profile separately in lean and non-lean women with polycystic ovary syndrome divided according to hyperandrogenemia, defined as free androgen index (FAI)≥5. The second aim was to compare the lipid profiles among lean and non-lean PCOS patients with respect to hyperandrogenemia and regularity of menstruation cycles. We evaluated 232 patients from Department of Endocrinological Gynecology, Jagiellonian University Medical College in Krakow diagnosed with PCOS. The population consisted of 166 lean and 66 non-lean women. We observed higher levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in lean patients with FAI<5 than in lean patients with FAI≥5. There were no differences in lipid profile between non-lean patients with FAI≥5 and non-lean patients with FAI<5. Among lean patients higher total cholesterol levels were observed in those with irregular menstruation cycles and FAI<5 than in patients with FAI≥5 and regular cycles. There were no differences in lipid profiles between four phenotypes among non-lean PCOS patients. Conclusions The results of our study showed differences in lipid profile between lean PCOS patients according to their phenotype based on androgens’ level. This effect was abandoned by fat tissue mass in non-lean ones. Further studies should be conducted to explore these associations.

scholarly journals The Effect of a Pure Antiandrogen Receptor Blocker, Flutamide, on the Lipid Profile in the Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

1998 ◽  
Vol 83 (8) ◽  
pp. 2699-2705 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evanthia Diamanti-Kandarakis ◽  
Asimina Mitrakou ◽  
Sotos Raptis ◽  
George Tolis ◽  
Antoni J. Duleba
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Receptor Blocker ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
First Time

abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrinopathies affecting women of reproductive age; it is associated with hyperandrogenism, hyperinsulinemia, and dyslipidemia. This study was designed to assess the long term effects of a pure androgen receptor blocker, flutamide, on the lipid profile in women with PCOS and to examine the possible mechanisms by which androgens may exert their influence. Seventeen women with PCOS (10 obese and 7 lean) were studied. All subjects received a 12-week course of oral flutamide (500 mg/day). The baseline and posttreatment evaluations included lipid profile, androgen levels, insulin sensitivity, and serum catecholamine determinations. The primary outcome was the change in the ratio of low density lipoproteins (LDL) to high density lipoproteins (HDL). Treatment with flutamide was associated with a significant decrease in the LDL/HDL ratio by 23% (P = 0.005), in total cholesterol by 18% (P &lt; 0.0001), in LDL by 13% (P = 0.002), and in triglycerides by 23% (P = 0.002). Flutamide treatment was also associated with a trend toward an increase in HDL (by 14%; P = 0.14). The effects on lipid profile were found regardless of obesity and were not associated with a change in weight. Furthermore, actions of flutamide on lipid metabolism were not associated with significant changes in circulating adrenaline or noradrenaline, glucose metabolism, or insulin sensitivity. This report has demonstrated for the first time that treatment with the pure antiandrogen, flutamide, may improve the lipid profile and that this effect may be due to direct inhibition of androgenic actions.

scholarly journals Effect of Psyllium Supplementation on Insulin Resistance and Lipid Profile in Non-diabetic Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Pourbehi ◽  
Parvin Ayremlou ◽  
Alireza Mehdizadeh ◽  
Rasoul Zarrin
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Double Blind

Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of infertility in women. In addition, the risk of type2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance is higher among women with PCOS. Psyllium can reduce the levels of fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin resistance, and lipid profile. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the effect of psyllium supplementation on insulin resistance and the lipid profile in non-diabetic women with PCOS. Materials and Methods: In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial, 54 eligible non-diabetic women with PCOS aged 18-45 were recruited from an endocrinology clinic and divided into 2 groups based on their body mass index (BMI) through stratified-block randomization. Participants in intervention and placebo groups received 5 g of psyllium or cellulose microcrystalline twice a day for 8 weeks. Fasting insulin, FBS, and insulin resistance indicators including HOMA1-IR, HOMA2-IR, along with quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) and the lipid profile were evaluated before and after the intervention. Results: In the psyllium group, the FBS, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), HOMA1-IR, and HOMA2-IR indicators decreased significantly (P<0.05) after 8 weeks, but the changes were not significant in the placebo group. The mean changes in LDL-C (0.28±0.58 and 0.11±0.67 in intervention and placebo groups, respectively, P=0.036) and QUICKI (0.01±0.03 and 0.02±0.06 in intervention and placebo groups, respectively, P=0.044) were significant between the two groups from the baseline. Conclusions: Psyllium supplementation decreased FBS, fasting insulin, and the lipid profile while improving insulin resistance in non-diabetic women with PCOS.

scholarly journals Metabolic and endocrine effects of treatment with peroral or transdermal oestrogens in conjunction with peroral cyproterone acetate in women with polycystic ovary syndrome

2004 ◽  
pp. 215-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
J Vrbikova ◽  
S Stanicka ◽  
K Dvorakova ◽  
M Hill ◽  
K Vondra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Cyproterone Acetate ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Disposition Index ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Ovary Syndrome

OBJECTIVE: To compare the influence of transdermal and peroral oestrogen treatments in conjunction with cyproterone acetate (CPA) on metabolic and hormonal parameters in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-four women with PCOS, aged 25.4+/-4.3 (mean+/-s.d.) years, body mass index 24.5+/-3.9 kg/m2 were randomly assigned to receive either transdermal oestradiol plus CPA (n=12) or a peroral oestradiol-CPA combination (n=12). Before and after 3 months of treatment, basal blood samples, euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp combined with indirect calorimetry and arginine tests were performed. ANOVA and Student's t-test or Wilcoxon's test were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS: After peroral oestradiol-CPA, insulin sensitivity (P<0.004) and the disposition index as the function of insulin sensitivity and secretion (P<0.0001) decreased significantly. Fasting insulin (P<0.05), cholesterol (P<0.05), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P<0.05) and sex-hormone binding globulin (P<0.0001) increased significantly. Dehydroepiandrosterone (P<0.05) and 17-OH progesterone (P<0.01) decreased significantly. After transdermal oestradiol+CPA, no significant changes were observed in sex-hormone binding globulin and androgen concentrations, insulin sensitivity or disposition index. CONCLUSIONS: In women with PCOS, peroral oestrogens (at doses common in combined oral contraceptives) led to a significant impairment in insulin secretion and action. In contrast, the transdermal application of oestrogens did not significantly influence insulin sensitivity.

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