scholarly journals Estrogen and voluntary exercise attenuate cardiometabolic syndrome and hepatic steatosis in ovariectomized rats fed a high-fat high-fructose diet

2019 ◽  
Vol 316 (5) ◽  
pp. E908-E921 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jariya Buniam ◽  
Natsasi Chukijrungroat ◽  
Tanaporn Khamphaya ◽  
Jittima Weerachayaphorn ◽  
Vitoon Saengsirisuwan
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Hepatic Fat ◽  
Muscle Glucose Transport

The prevalence of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS) is increased in women after menopause. While hormone replacement therapy has been prescribed to relieve several components of CMS in postmenopausal women, some aspects of cardiometabolic dysfunction cannot be completely restored. The present study examined the effectiveness of estrogen replacement alone and in combination with exercise by voluntary wheel running (VWR) for alleviating the risks of CMS, insulin-mediated skeletal muscle glucose transport, and hepatic fat accumulation in ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats fed a high-fat high-fructose diet (OHFFD). We compared a sham-operated group with OHFFD rats that were subdivided into a sedentary, estradiol replacement (E2), and E2 plus VWR for 12 wk. E2 prevented the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle glucose transport and decreased hepatic fat accumulation in OHFFD rats. Furthermore, E2 treatment decreased visceral fat mass and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol in OHFFD rats, while VWR further decreased LDL-cholesterol and increased the ratio of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol to total cholesterol to a greater extent. Although E2 treatment alone did not reduce serum triglyceride levels in OHFFD rats, the combined intervention of E2 and VWR lowered serum triglycerides in E2-treated OHFFD rats. The addition of VWR to E2-treated OHFFD rats led to AMPK activation and upregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α and PPARδ in skeletal muscle along with increased fatty acid oxidation and suppressed fatty acid synthesis in the liver. Collectively, our findings indicate that, to achieve greater health benefits, physical exercise is required for E2-treated individuals under ovarian hormone deprivation with high-energy consumption.

Ezetimibe prevents hepatic steatosis induced by a high-fat but not a high-fructose diet

2013 ◽  
Vol 305 (2) ◽  
pp. E293-E304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masateru Ushio ◽  
Yoshihiko Nishio ◽  
Osamu Sekine ◽  
Yoshio Nagai ◽  
Yasuhiro Maeno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Element Binding Protein

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most frequent liver disease. Ezetimibe, an inhibitor of intestinal cholesterol absorption, has been reported to ameliorate hepatic steatosis in human and animal models. To explore how ezetimibe reduces hepatic steatosis, we investigated the effects of ezetimibe on the expression of lipogenic enzymes and intestinal lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat or a high-fructose diet. CBA/JN mice were fed a high-fat diet or a high-fructose diet for 8 wk with or without ezetimibe. High-fat diet induced hepatic steatosis accompanied by hyperinsulinemia. Treatment with ezetimibe reduced hepatic steatosis, insulin levels, and glucose production from pyruvate in mice fed the high-fat diet, suggesting a reduction of insulin resistance in the liver. In the intestinal analysis, ezetimibe reduced the expression of fatty acid transfer protein-4 and apoB-48 in mice fed the high-fat diet. However, treatment with ezetimibe did not prevent hepatic steatosis, hyperinsulinemia, and intestinal apoB-48 expression in mice fed the high-fructose diet. Ezetimibe decreased liver X receptor-α binding to the sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c promoter but not expression of carbohydrate response element-binding protein and fatty acid synthase in mice fed the high-fructose diet, suggesting that ezetimibe did not reduce hepatic lipogenesis induced by the high-fructose diet. Elevation of hepatic and intestinal lipogenesis in mice fed a high-fructose diet may partly explain the differences in the effect of ezetimibe.

The effect of high-fat–high-fructose diet on skeletal muscle mitochondrial energetics in adult rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffaella Crescenzo ◽  
Francesca Bianco ◽  
Paola Coppola ◽  
Arianna Mazzoli ◽  
Luisa Cigliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose

scholarly journals Cynanchum atratum Alleviates Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver by Balancing Lipogenesis and Fatty Acid Oxidation in a High-Fat, High-Fructose Diet Mice Model

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Jing-Hua Wang ◽  
Seung-Ju Hwang ◽  
Dong-Woo Lim ◽  
Chang-Gue Son
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Acid Oxidation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Tnf Α

Cynanchum atratum, a medicinal herb, is traditionally used as an antidote, diuretic, and antipyretic in eastern Asia. The current study aimed to investigate the anti-fatty liver capacity of the ethanol extract of Cynanchum atratum (CAE) using a 10-week high-fat, high-fructose diet mouse model. A six-week treatment of CAE (from the fifth week) significantly attenuated the weights of the body, liver, and mesenteric fat without a change in diet intake. CAE also considerably restored the alterations of serum aminotransferases and free fatty acid, fasting blood glucose, serum and hepatic triglyceride, and total cholesterol, as well as platelet and leukocyte counts. Meanwhile, CAE ameliorated hepatic injury and lipid accumulation, as evidenced by histopathological and immunofluorescence observations. Additionally, CAE significantly lowered the elevation of hepatic TNF-α, the TNF-α/IL-10 ratio, fecal endotoxins, and the abundance of Gram-negative bacteria. Hepatic lipogenesis and β-oxidation-related proteins and gene expression, including PPAR-α, SREBP-1, SIRT1, FAS, CTP1, etc., were normalized markedly by CAE. In particular, the AMPK, a central regulator of energy metabolism, was phosphorylated by CAE at an even higher rate than metformin. Overall, CAE exerts anti-hepatic steatosis effects by reducing lipogenesis and enhancing fatty acid oxidation. Consequently, Cynanchum atratum is expected to be a promising candidate for treating chronic metabolic diseases.

Insulin-nonspecific reduction in skeletal muscle glucose transport in high-fat-fed rats

Metabolism ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 53 (7) ◽  
pp. 912-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Koshinaka ◽  
Y Oshida ◽  
Y.-Q Han ◽  
M Kubota ◽  
A.Y.I Viana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Muscle Glucose Transport

scholarly journals Postprandial fatty acid uptake and adipocyte remodeling in angiotensin type 2 receptor-deficient mice fed a high-fat/high-fructose diet

Adipocyte ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christophe Noll ◽  
Sébastien M. Labbé ◽  
Sandra Pinard ◽  
Michael Shum ◽  
Lyne Bilodeau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Uptake ◽  
Acid Uptake ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Angiotensin Type 2 Receptor ◽  
Deficient Mice ◽  
Angiotensin Type

Selected Contribution: Modulation of insulin resistance and hypertension by voluntary exercise training in the TG(mREN2)27 rat

2002 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 805-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyson R. Kinnick ◽  
Erik B. Youngblood ◽  
Matthew P. O'Keefe ◽  
Vitoon Saengsirisuwan ◽  
Mary K. Teachey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Transport ◽  
Voluntary Exercise ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Muscle Glucose Transport

Hypertension is often accompanied by insulin resistance of skeletal muscle glucose transport. The male heterozygous TG(mREN2)27 rat, which harbors a mouse transgene for renin, displays local elevations in the renin-angiotensin system and exhibits markedly elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP). The present study was undertaken to characterize insulin-stimulated skeletal muscle glucose transport in male heterozygous TG(mREN2)27 rats and to evaluate the effect of voluntary exercise training on SBP and skeletal muscle glucose transport. Compared with normotensive Sprague-Dawley rats, TG(mREN2)27 rats displayed a 53% elevation ( P < 0.05) in SBP, a twofold increase in plasma free fatty acid levels, and an exaggerated insulin response during an oral glucose tolerance test. Moreover, insulin-mediated glucose transport (2-deoxyglucose uptake) in isolated epitrochlearis and soleus muscles of TG(mREN2)27 animals was 33 and 43% less, respectively, than in Sprague-Dawley controls. TG(mREN2)27 rats ran voluntarily for 6 wk and achieved daily running distances of 6–7 km over the final 3 wk. Training caused a 36% increase in peak aerobic capacity and a 16% reduction in resting SBP. Fasting plasma insulin (21%) and free fatty acid (34%) levels were reduced in the trained TG(mREN2)27 rats. Whole body glucose tolerance was improved in the trained TG(mREN2)27 rats and was associated with increases of 39 and 50% in insulin-mediated glucose transport in epitrochlearis and soleus muscles, respectively. Whole muscle GLUT-4 protein was increased in the soleus (23%), but not in the epitrochlearis, of trained TG(mREN2)27 rats. These data indicate that the male heterozygous TG(mREN2)27 rat is a model of both hypertension and insulin resistance. Importantly, both of these defects can be beneficially modified by voluntary exercise training.

scholarly journals Differential effects of a High‐Fructose diet or a High‐Fat/High‐Sucrose diet on the mitochondrial ROS production and respiration in rat liver and skeletal muscle

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karine Couturier ◽  
Marie Le Guen ◽  
Charles Coudray ◽  
Christine Feillet-Coudray ◽  
Chantal Wrutniak-Cabello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Rat Liver ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
Mitochondrial Ros ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose Diet ◽  
High Sucrose

scholarly journals Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M, Sm Containing Diet Normalizes some Metabolic Syndrome Markers due to High-Fat High-Fructose Diet in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Islami Dini Hanifah ◽  
Retno Murwani ◽  
Achmad Zulfa Juniarto
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fructose Diet ◽  
High Fructose ◽  
Etlingera Elatior

Background: Etlingera elatior (Ee) contains phytochemical compounds that are rich in antioxidants, which may reduce several biochemical markers of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Objective: We aimed to study the effect of fresh Etlingera elatior (FEe) and steamed Etlingera elatior (SEe) as a part of rat diet on the body weight, serum lipid, and malondialdehyde (MDA) level in Wistar rats with MetS induced by a highfat, high-fructose diet. Method: Our research was a true experimental randomized control group design with pre- and post-test. A total of 24 male Wistar rats were divided randomly into the following four groups: 1) Control, fed standard rat diet during the whole duration of the study, 2) HFFr-Sd, fed high-fat high-fructose (HFFr) diet for 29 days, followed by 29 days of the standard diet, 3) HFFr-FEe, fed HFFr diet for 29 days, followed by 29 days of a standard diet containing 33.3% FEe, and 4) HFFrSEe, fed HFFr diet for 29 days, followed by 29 days of a standard diet containing 33.3% SEe. The HFFr diet was given at 15 g/day along with fructose drink (20% pure fructose) at 100 ml/day. The diets in each group after the MetS induction period is referred to as intervention diets. Data at the end of HFFr (pre) and intervention diets (post) were analyzed by paired t-test. The data among groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by post hoc test. Results: HFFr diet for 29 days induced MetS in Wistar rats fulfilling the criteria of obesity (Lee Index), hypertriglyceridemia, and decreased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Also, there was a significant increase in serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and MDA level (p < 0.05). Feeding a diet contaning FEe or SEe can significantly reduce body weight, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, LDL-C, and MDA, and increase HDL-C levels (p < 0.05). The effect of FEe was more pronounced in ameliorating body weight and lipid profile than SEe. Conclusion: Fresh Ee and Steamed Ee can ameliorate obesity, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress in MetS Wistar rats induced by a high-fat high-fructose diet. It suggests that dietary Ee accounting for one-third of daily standard diet can assist in normalizing some MetS markers in rats.

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