Improved cardiac function and dietary fatty acid metabolism after modest weight loss in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance

2014 ◽  
Vol 306 (12) ◽  
pp. E1388-E1396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien M. Labbé ◽  
Christophe Noll ◽  
Thomas Grenier-Larouche ◽  
Margaret Kunach ◽  
Lucie Bouffard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Metabolic Index ◽  
Modest Weight Loss

Using a novel positron emission tomography (PET) method with oral administration of 14( R, S)-[18F]-fluoro-6-thia-heptadecanoic acid (18FTHA), we recently demonstrated that subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) display an impairment in cardiac function associated with increased myocardial uptake of dietary fatty acids. Here, we determined whether modest weight loss induced by lifestyle changes might improve these cardiac metabolic and functional abnormalities. Nine participants with IGT, enrolled in a one-year lifestyle intervention trial, were invited to undergo determination of organ-specific postprandial dietary fatty acids partition using the oral 18FTHA method, and cardiac function and oxidative metabolic index using PET [11C]acetate kinetics with ECG-gated PET ventriculography before and after the intervention. The intervention resulted in significant weight loss and reduction of waist circumference, with reduced postprandial plasma glucose, insulin, and triglycerides excursion. We observed a significant increase in stroke volume, cardiac output, and left ventricular ejection fraction associated with reduced myocardial oxidative metabolic index and fractional dietary fatty acid uptake. Modest weight loss corrects the exaggerated myocardial channeling of dietary fatty acids and improves myocardial energy substrate metabolism and function in IGT subjects.

scholarly journals Dietary Fatty Acid Saturation Modulates Sphingosine-1-Phosphate-Mediated Vascular Function

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Daniel W. Nuno ◽  
Kathryn G. Lamping
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Rho Kinase ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Low Fat Diet ◽  
Sphingosine 1 Phosphate ◽  
Fatty Acid Saturation

Sphingolipids, modified by dietary fatty acids, are integral components of plasma membrane and caveolae that are also vasoactive compounds. We hypothesized that dietary fatty acid saturation affects vasoconstriction to sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) through caveolar regulation of rho kinase. Wild type (WT) and caveolin-1-deficient (cav-1 KO) mice which lack vascular caveolae were fed a low-fat diet (LF), 60% high-saturated fat diet (lard, HF), or 60% fat diet with equal amounts of lard and n-3 polyunsaturated menhaden oil (MO). Weight gain of WT on HF and MO diets was similar while markedly blunted in cav-1 KO. Neither high-fat diet affected the expression of cav-1, rho, or rho kinase in arteries from WT. In cav-1 KO, MO increased the vascular expression of rho but had no effect on rho kinase. HF had no effect on rho or rho kinase expression in cav-1 KO. S1P produced a concentration-dependent constriction of gracilis arteries from WT on LF that was reduced with HF and restored to normal with MO. Constriction to S1P was reduced in cav-1 KO and no longer affected by a high-saturated fat diet. Inhibition of rho kinase which reduced constriction to PE independent of diet in arteries from WT and cav-1 KO only reduced constriction to S1P in arteries from WT fed MO. The data suggest that dietary fatty acids modify vascular responses to S1P by a caveolar-dependent mechanism which is enhanced by dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fats.

scholarly journals Measuring dietary fatty acid intake: validation of a food-frequency questionnaire against 7d weighed records

2003 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Broadfield ◽  
Tricia McKeever ◽  
Andrew Fogarty ◽  
John Britton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Food Frequency Questionnaire ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Acid Intake ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid Intake

There are few validated methods of measuring dietary fatty acid intake that are suitable for epidemiological research. The purpose of the present study was to develop and validate a food-frequency questionnaire (FFQ) developed to measure individual dietary fatty acid intakes against 7d weighed dietary records, in a sample of thirty-one healthy adult volunteers. The FFQ was based on a previously validated questionnaire (DIETQ; Tinuviel Software, Warrington, Ches., UK), adapted to include greater detail on those foods from which the majority of dietary fatty acids are obtained. The FFQ and weighed records were analysed using food nutrient data from McCance and Widdowson's Food Composition Tables, supplemented with a food fatty acid content database (Foodbase, London, UK). Results from the two dietary assessment methods were compared by correlation coefficients and limits of agreement. The mean intake of individual fatty acids tended to be lower when assessed by FFQ. Correlation coefficients comparing unadjusted individual fatty acid intakes assessed by FFQ and weighed records ranged from 0·29 for 18:1n−9 to 0·71 for 20:4n−6. Adjusting for energy intake tended to increase the correlation coefficients between saturated fatty acids and decrease those between unsaturated fatty acids. In conclusion, this food-frequency method provides reliable estimates of dietary intake of many individual fatty acids for use in epidemiological studies.

Effects of common dietary fatty acids on milk yield and concentrations of fat and fatty acids in dairy cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (11) ◽  
pp. 2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. R. Dorea ◽  
L. E. Armentano
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fatty Acids ◽  
Acid Yield ◽  
Dietary Concentration ◽  
Total Milk

The objective of the present article was to summarise the effects of five common dietary fatty acids (C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3) on the major milk fat groups (<C16, C16 and C18). Forty published papers were reviewed to evaluate the effect of adding free fat or oil supplements rich in C16 and C18 fatty acids on the response of milk fat secretion and composition. From those 40 studies, 21 were used to investigate the effect of total dietary concentration of C16:0, C18:0, C18:1, C18:2 and C18:3 on milk secretion or concentrations of milk <C16, C16 and C18 fatty acid groups. The results indicated that C16 supplementation increased total milk fatty acids, mainly by increasing milk C16 yield, without affecting milk <C16 and C18 yield. Supplements rich in unsaturated fatty acid decreased total milk fatty acid by inhibiting secretion of milk fatty acids shorter than C18, with linoleic acid being the most inhibitory. Mixtures of feed fatty acid (C16:0 + C18:0 and C16:0 + C18:1) did not significantly affect total milk fatty acid yield. According to regression of milk C16 yield on dietary fatty acid, endogenous C16 contributes ~80% of total milk C16, but this proportion varies with the level and type of dietary fatty acid fed. Milk mid-infrared analysis can be used to routinely measure the presence of milk <C16 fatty acid, the concentration of which provides a good indicator of inhibition of milk fatty acid secretion. In contrast, measurement of total milk fat content is less effective as a diagnostic tool due to the masking effect of the exogenous supply of C16 and C18 dietary fatty acids.

Seven-Day Caloric and Saturated Fat Restriction Increases Myocardial Dietary Fatty Acid Partitioning in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance

2013 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. S70
Author(s):  
Christophe Noll ◽  
Margaret Kunach ◽  
Serge Phoenix ◽  
Brigitte Guérin ◽  
Éric E. Turcotte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid

scholarly journals Association of dietary fatty acids and the incidence risk of cardiovascular disease in adults: the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Prospective Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Zeinab Houshialsadat ◽  
Zahra Bahadoran ◽  
Sajad Khalili-Moghadam ◽  
Farhad Sheikholeslami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acids ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Incidence Risk

Abstract Background Considering the inconsistent available findings regarding the cardioprotective effect of dietary fatty acid composition, we prospectively examined the feasible association between the dietary fatty acids and the cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence in framework of the population-based Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study. Methods A total of 2369 participants (19–70 years, 43.5% men) without CVD at baseline (2006–2008) were included and followed-up for 6.7 years. Fatty acids’ dietary intake was estimated using a 168-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. The CVD incidence risk across tertiles of dietary fatty acids was predicted via Cox proportional hazards regression models. Results The average age and body mass index of the included population were 38.5 ± 13.3 years and 26.6 ± 4.8 kg/m2 at baseline. Over 6.7 years of follow-up, 79 cases of CVD were detected. The risk of CVD was lower in upper tertile of monounsaturated fatty acids, oleic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid + eicosapentaenoic acid among the tertiles. No significant associations were found between total fat, saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids’ intake, and CVD. Conclusions Our results suggest that the dietary fatty acid composition might affect the incidence risk of CVD within the Iranian population.

scholarly journals Effect of Sex and Impaired Glucose Tolerance on Organ-Specific Dietary Fatty Acid Metabolism in Humans

Diabetes ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (7) ◽  
pp. 2432-2441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Kunach ◽  
Christophe Noll ◽  
Serge Phoenix ◽  
Brigitte Guérin ◽  
Jean-Patrice Baillargeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Fatty Acid Metabolism ◽  
Acid Metabolism ◽  
Dietary Fatty Acid ◽  
Organ Specific
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