scholarly journals A new anesthesia protocol enabling longitudinal lung function measurements in neonatal rabbits by micro-CT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erica Ferrini ◽  
Ludovica Leo ◽  
Luisa Corsi ◽  
Chiara Catozzi ◽  
Fabrizio Salomone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Development ◽  
Minute Ventilation ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Experimental Variability ◽  
Respiratory Phases

Micro-CT imaging is an emerging technology with many applications in small animals, e.g. the study of pulmonary diseases, although clear guidelines and critical mass of evidence are still missing in the preclinical literature. The neonatal rabbit is a valuable model for studying pulmonary development. However, the longitudinal monitoring of lung function by micro-CT can be challenging. Distinctive datasets corresponding to the end-inspiration and end-expiration phases need to be generated and analyzed to derive lung functional parameters. The quality of CT scans and the reliability of parameters obtained remains highly dependent on the anesthesia protocol used. Three different anesthetic protocols were tested. The combination of dexmedetomidine 0.25 mg/kg injected intraperitoneally followed by 1% isoflurane was found to facilitate CT imaging at 4 and 11 days after birth. Contrarily, isoflurane and ketamine plus xylazine were found unsuitable, and thus not investigated further. Total lung volumes significantly increased at day 11 compared to baseline in both respiratory phases, while lung tissue remained constant. As expected, functional residual capacity, air/tissue ratio and minute ventilation were significantly increased at day 11 in each animal. Those parameters were correlated with inspiratory capacity, compliance, elastance and resistance of both respiratory system and tissue component, as measured by flexiVent. Lung development was also evaluated by histomorphometric analyses. In conclusion, we have identified a safe and suitable anesthesia protocol for micro-CT imaging in neonatal rabbits. Moreover, the possibility to longitudinally measure lung function in the same subject dramatically reduced the intra-experimental variability.

scholarly journals Lung structure phenotype variation in inbred mouse strains revealed through in vivo micro-CT imaging

2010 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 1960-1968 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline Thiesse ◽  
Eman Namati ◽  
Jessica C. Sieren ◽  
Amanda R. Smith ◽  
Joseph M. Reinhardt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Inbred Mouse ◽  
Small Animal Imaging ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Mouse Strains ◽  
Breath Hold ◽  
Inbred Mouse Strains ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Lung Structure

Within pulmonary research, the development of mouse models has provided insight into disease development, progression, and treatment. Structural phenotypes of the lung in healthy inbred mouse strains are necessary for comparison to disease models. To date, progress in the assessment of lung function in these small animals using whole lung function tests has been made. However, assessment of in vivo lung structure of inbred mouse strains has yet to be well defined. Therefore, the link between the structure and function phenotypes is still unclear. With advancements in small animal imaging it is now possible to investigate lung structures such as the central and peripheral airways, whole lung, and lobar volumes of mice in vivo, through the use of micro-CT imaging. In this study, we performed in vivo micro-CT imaging of the C57BL/6, A/J, and BALB/c mouse strains using the intermittent iso-pressure breath hold (IIBH) technique. The resulting high-resolution images were used to extract lung structure phenotypes. The three-dimensional lobar structures and airways were defined and a meaningful mouse airway nomenclature was developed. In addition, using these techniques we have uncovered significant differences in the airway structures between inbred mouse strains in vivo.

Lung Function and Quality of Life in Workers with Chemical and Dust Exposure

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Ruxandra Otelea ◽  
Oana Cristina Arghir ◽  
Corina Zugravu ◽  
Eugenia Naghi ◽  
Sabina Antoniu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Occupational Exposure ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Dust Exposure ◽  
Chronic Lung Diseases ◽  
Respiratory Exposure ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Occupational Settings

Regarding the widely distribution of respiratory exposure hazards in occupational settings, workers have an increased risk for chronic lung diseases. For assessing the quality of life and lung function in workers exposed to chemicals and dust, St George�s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and spirometry were performed among 40 patients, admitted in Occupational Clinic Department of Colentina Hospital, Bucharest, Romania, during February, 2017. SGRQ showed different predictors for patients according to their occupational exposure and total symptoms score correlated better with decreased spirometric parameters in defining lung function deterioration. Quality of life is earlier affected than lung function deterioration and emphasises the need of more sensitive methods for an earlier identification and better evaluation of respiratory hazards in different workplaces.

Early changes of lung function and structure in an elastase model of emphysema—a hyperpolarized 3He MRI study

2008 ◽  
Vol 104 (3) ◽  
pp. 773-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiarash Emami ◽  
Robert V. Cadman ◽  
John M. Woodburn ◽  
Martin C. Fischer ◽  
Stephen J. Kadlecek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Ventilation ◽  
Unit Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Entire Lung ◽  
Residual Capacity ◽  
Regional Basis ◽  
Mean Linear Intercept ◽  
Mri Study

Early changes of lung function and structure were studied in the presence of an elastase-induced model of emphysema in 35 Sprague-Dawley rats at mild (5 U/100 g) and moderate (10 U/100 g) severities. Lung ventilation was measured on a regional basis (at a planar resolution of 3.2 mm) by hyperpolarized 3He MRI at 5 and 10 wk after model induction. Subsequent to imaging, average alveolar diameter was measured from histological slices taken from the centers of each lobe. Changes of mean fractional ventilation, mean linear intercept, and intrasubject heterogeneity of ventilation were studied during disease progression. Mean fractional ventilation was significantly different between healthy controls (0.23 ± 0.04) and emphysematous animals at both time points in the 10-unit group (0.06 ± 0.02 and 0.12 ± 0.05, respectively). Changes in average alveolar diameter were not statistically observable until the 10th wk between healthy (37 ± 10 μm) and emphysematous rats (73 ± 25 and 95 ± 31 μm, for 5 and 10 units, respectively). Assessment of function-structure correlation suggested that the majority of the decline in fractional ventilation occurred in the first 5 wk, while enlargement of alveolar diameters appeared primarily between the 5th and 10th wk. A thresholding metric, based on the 20th percentile of fractional ventilation over the entire lung, was utilized to detect the onset of the disease with confidence, independent of whether the regional ventilation measurements were normalized with respect to the delivered tidal volume and estimated functional residual capacity of each individual rat.

scholarly journals Post-discharge critical COVID-19 lung function related to severity of radiologic lung involvement at admission

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurent Truffaut ◽  
Lucas Demey ◽  
Anne Violette Bruyneel ◽  
Alain Roman ◽  
Stephane Alard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Lung Involvement ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Life Data ◽  
Icu Discharge ◽  
Function Impairment ◽  
Lung Function Impairment

AbstractLung function impairment persists in 55% of critical COVID-19 patients three months after ICU discharge. Patient lung function, exercise capacity, radiologic, and quality of life data suggest impairment is related to radiologic lung involvement at admission.

Further evidence that sex matters in lung development: maternal asthma and infant lung function

Thorax ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. thoraxjnl-2021-217095
Author(s):  
Lauren Deanna Benton ◽  
Wayne Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Lung Development

scholarly journals ILD-specific health-related quality of life in systemic sclerosis-associated ILD compared with IPF

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e000598
Author(s):  
Michael T Durheim ◽  
Anna-Maria Hoffmann-Vold ◽  
Tomas M Eagan ◽  
Arnt-Ove Hovden ◽  
May Brit Lund ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Forced Vital Capacity ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

IntroductionIdiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) are fibrotic ILDs with divergent disease populations. Little is known about health-related quality of life (HRQL) in SSc-ILD relative to IPF.MethodsWe used the Kings Brief Interstitial Lung Disease Questionnaire (K-BILD) to compare HRQL in a cross-sectional study of 57 patients with IPF and 29 patients with SSc-ILD. Analysis of covariance was used to adjust for age, gender and lung function.ResultsThe unadjusted mean K-BILD score was 63.1 (95% CI 57.1 to 69.1) among patients with SSc-ILD, as compared with 54.7 (51.8–57.5) among those with IPF (p=0.005). However, this difference in HRQL was attenuated after adjustment for age, gender and lung function. In a multivariable model, only forced vital capacity was associated with K-BILD scores. K-BILD scores were correlated with both forced vital capacity and with other relevant HRQL measures, regardless of ILD diagnosis.DiscussionPatients with SSc-ILD may have better ILD-specific quality of life than patients with IPF, but this difference appears to be driven primarily by better lung function. These results underscore the impact of lung function on HRQL in fibrotic ILD and the utility of K-BILD to assess HRQL in SSc-ILD.

scholarly journals Micro-CT imaging of Thiel-embalmed and iodine-stained human temporal bone for 3D modeling

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Halm ◽  
David Haberthür ◽  
Elisabeth Eppler ◽  
Valentin Djonov ◽  
Andreas Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Temporal Bone ◽  
Middle Ear ◽  
3D Modeling ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Ct Imaging ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Iodine Staining ◽  
Tissue Structures

Abstract Introduction This pilot study explores whether a human Thiel-embalmed temporal bone is suitable for generating an accurate and complete data set with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and whether solid iodine-staining improves visualization and facilitates segmentation of middle ear structures. Methods A temporal bone was used to verify the accuracy of the imaging by first digitally measuring the stapes on the tomography images and then physically under the microscope after removal from the temporal bone. All measurements were compared with literature values. The contralateral temporal bone was used to evaluate segmentation and three-dimensional (3D) modeling after iodine staining and micro-CT scanning. Results The digital and physical stapes measurements differed by 0.01–0.17 mm or 1–19%, respectively, but correlated well with the literature values. Soft tissue structures were visible in the unstained scan. However, iodine staining increased the contrast-to-noise ratio by a factor of 3.7 on average. The 3D model depicts all ossicles and soft tissue structures in detail, including the chorda tympani, which was not visible in the unstained scan. Conclusions Micro-CT imaging of a Thiel-embalmed temporal bone accurately represented the entire anatomy. Iodine staining considerably increased the contrast of soft tissues, simplified segmentation and enabled detailed 3D modeling of the middle ear.

scholarly journals Simple low dose radiography allows precise lung volume assessment in mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amara Khan ◽  
Andrea Markus ◽  
Thomas Rittmann ◽  
Jonas Albers ◽  
Frauke Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Acquisition Time ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Volume Assessment ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Time Required

AbstractX-ray based lung function (XLF) as a planar method uses dramatically less X-ray dose than computed tomography (CT) but so far lacked the ability to relate its parameters to pulmonary air volume. The purpose of this study was to calibrate the functional constituents of XLF that are biomedically decipherable and directly comparable to that of micro-CT and whole-body plethysmography (WBP). Here, we developed a unique set-up for simultaneous assessment of lung function and volume using XLF, micro-CT and WBP on healthy mice. Our results reveal a strong correlation of lung volumes obtained from radiographic XLF and micro-CT and demonstrate that XLF is superior to WBP in sensitivity and precision to assess lung volumes. Importantly, XLF measurement uses only a fraction of the radiation dose and acquisition time required for CT. Therefore, the redefined XLF approach is a promising tool for preclinical longitudinal studies with a substantial potential of clinical translation.

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