Related expression of arachidonate 12- and 15-lipoxygenases in animal and human lung tissue

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (6) ◽  
pp. L399-L405 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. R. Shannon ◽  
E. C. Crouch ◽  
Y. Takahashi ◽  
N. Ueda ◽  
S. Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Mononuclear Leukocytes ◽  
Human Lung Tissue ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Tracheal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Tracheal Epithelial ◽  
12 Lipoxygenase

We examined the immunohistochemical distribution of the arachidonate 12- and 15-lipoxygenases in anima l and human lung tissue using a polyclonal anti-12/15-lipoxygenase antibody. Immunoblotting of whole cell extracts fro m bovine and human tracheal epithelial cells or from bovine leukocytes with the antibody (raised originally against pu rified porcine leukocyte 12-lipoxygenase) showed immunoperoxidase staining of a single protein band (Mr = 72,000), whi ch com igrated with purified bovine 12-lipoxygenase. The antibody also immunoprecipitated both 12- and 15-lipoxygenase activities from cytosolic fractions of bovine and human tracheal epithelial cells. Immunohistochemistry of formaldehyd e-fixed and paraffin-embedded bovine (and ovine and canine) trachea using the same polyclonal antibody and an indirect biotin-avidin-peroxidase detection system demonstrated specific staining of tracheal epithelium, polymorphonuclear and mononuclear leukocytes, and perineural cells. Less intense staining of submucosal glands and blood vessels was also ob served. Lung sections demonstrated that the level of lipoxygenase antigen decreased markedly by the level of the bronc hi and was absent in more distal airways. A similar pattern of immunostaining was found in human lung, except that air way smooth muscle was also weakly reactive, and polymorphonuclear (neutrophilic) leukocytes were unstained (in accorda nce with the low 12/15-lipoxygenase activity in this cell type). We conclude that animal and human epithelial 12/15-li poxygenases share enzymatic, antigenic, and regional distribution characteristics and may therefore possess a common f unction in the pulmonary airway.

Preparation of Single Cell Suspension from Human Lung Tissue v1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven B. Wells ◽  
Peter A. Szabo ◽  
Basak Ural ◽  
Maya M.L. Poon
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Dilution Factor ◽  
Single Cell Suspension ◽  
Human Lung Tissue ◽  
Defined Media

This protocol describes a method for the isolation of the immune cells, structural and epithelial cells, and progenitors from human lung sections of about two grams. By providing defined media formulations, volumes at each step, and a defined dilution factor for density centrifugation, it yields consistent single-cell suspensions across samples.

scholarly journals Characterization of Early Stages of Human Alveolar Infection by the Q Fever AgentCoxiella burnetii

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda L. Dragan ◽  
Richard C. Kurten ◽  
Daniel E. Voth
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Alveolar Macrophages ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Q Fever ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial Cells ◽  
Human Lung Tissue ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Alveolar Epithelial

ABSTRACTHuman Q fever is caused by the intracellular bacterial pathogenCoxiella burnetii. Q fever presents with acute flu-like and pulmonary symptoms or can progress to chronic, severe endocarditis. After human inhalation,C. burnetiiis engulfed by alveolar macrophages and transits through the phagolysosomal maturation pathway, resisting the acidic pH of lysosomes to form a parasitophorous vacuole (PV) in which to replicate. Previous studies showed thatC. burnetiireplicates efficiently in primary human alveolar macrophages (hAMs) inex vivohuman lung tissue. AlthoughC. burnetiireplicates in most cell typesin vitro, the pathogen does not grow in non-hAM cells of human lung tissue. In this study, we investigated the interaction betweenC. burnetiiand other pulmonary cell types apart from the lung environment.C. burnetiiformed a prototypical PV and replicated efficiently in human pulmonary fibroblasts and in airway, but not alveolar, epithelial cells. Atypical PV expansion in alveolar epithelial cells was attributed in part to defective recruitment of autophagy-related proteins. Further assessment of theC. burnetiigrowth niche showed that macrophages mounted a robust interleukin 8 (IL-8), neutrophil-attracting response toC. burnetiiand ultimately shifted to an M2-polarized phenotype characteristic of anti-inflammatory macrophages. Considering our findings together, this study provides further clarity on the uniqueC. burnetii-lung dynamic during early stages of human acute Q fever.

Mucin biosynthesis and secretion in tracheal epithelial cells in primary culture

2000 ◽  
Vol 353 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naila SVITACHEVA ◽  
Julia R. DAVIES
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Heparan Sulphate ◽  
Buoyant Density ◽  
High Density ◽  
Reactive Component ◽  
Tracheal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Extracts ◽  
Tracheal Epithelial

Density-gradient centrifugation of bovine tracheal epithelial cell extracts revealed a ‘high-density’ (1.48g/ml) sialic-acid-rich population as well as a ‘low-density’ (1.42g/ml) one that reacted more strongly with a periodate–Schiff (PAS) assay. The sialic-acid-rich mucins were oligomeric molecules containing disulphide- bond-linked subunits and large glycosylated domains, whereas the PAS-reactive component seemed to be smaller and ‘monomeric’. Only the ‘high-density’ population was secreted from cells cultured for 5 days on plastic or a collagen type 1, Matrigel or Vitrogen substrate. Release was less from cells grown on plastic than from those on a substrate and the amount was unaffected by increasing the thickness of the collagen layer. For cells grown on collagen, the amount of the sialic-acid-rich mucin increased over 10 days, whereas the PAS-reactive component was largely absent after 24h, which was consistent with an initial release of stored PAS-reactive molecules and synthesis of the sialic-acid-rich mucins de novo. Both [3H]proline and [35S]sulphate were poorly incorporated into mucins detected with the chemical assays but molecules with a higher buoyant density than that of either of the previously identified species were labelled with [35S]sulphate. The [35S]sulphate-labelled material yielded large trypsin-resistant fragments and contained O-linked glycans but was not affected by digestion with chondroitin ABC lyase or heparan sulphate lyase, suggesting that it is a mucin rather than a proteoglycan. [35S]Sulphate is thus a poor marker for the major oligomeric mucins produced by bovine tracheal epithelial cells but the radiolabel is incorporated into a heavily labelled mucin-like component.

Endothelin stimulates chloride secretion across canine tracheal epithelium

1991 ◽  
Vol 261 (2) ◽  
pp. L188-L194 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. I. Plews ◽  
Z. A. Abdel-Malek ◽  
C. A. Doupnik ◽  
G. D. Leikauf
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Second Messengers ◽  
Short Circuit Current ◽  
Chloride Secretion ◽  
Tracheal Epithelium ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Cl Secretion ◽  
Tracheal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tracheal Epithelial

The endothelins (ET) are a group of isopeptides produced by a number of cells, including canine tracheal epithelial cells. Because these compounds are endogenous peptides that may activate eicosanoid metabolism, we investigated the effects of ET on Cl secretion in canine tracheal epithelium. Endothelin 1 (ET-1) was found to produce a dose-dependent change in short-circuit current (Isc) that increased slowly and reached a maximal value within 10-15 min. When isopeptides of ET were compared, 300 nM ET-1 and ET-2 produced comparable maximal increases in Isc, whereas ET-3 produced smaller changes in Isc (half-maximal concentrations of 2.2, 7.2, and 10.4 nM, respectively). Ionic substitution of Cl with nontransported anions, iodide and gluconate, reduced ET-1-induced changes in Isc. Furthermore, the response was inhibited by the NaCl cotransport inhibitor, furosemide. In paired tissues, ET-1 significantly increased mucosal net 36Cl flux without significant effect on 22Na flux. The increase in Isc induced by ET was diminished by pretreatment with indomethacin. The second messengers mediating the increase in Isc were investigated in cultured canine tracheal epithelial cells. ET-1 stimulated the release of [3H]arachidonate from membrane phospholipids, increased intracellular Ca2+ (occasionally producing oscillations), and increased adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate accumulation. The latter was diminished by indomethacin. Thus ET is a potent agonist of Cl secretion (with the isopeptides having the following potency: ET-1 greater than or equal to ET-2 greater than ET-3) and acts, in part, through a cyclooxygenase-dependent mechanism.

scholarly journals Fucoxanthin Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Airway Inflammation in Tracheal Epithelial Cells and Asthmatic Mice

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1311
Author(s):  
Shu-Ju Wu ◽  
Chian-Jiun Liou ◽  
Ya-Ling Chen ◽  
Shu-Chen Cheng ◽  
Wen-Chung Huang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Airway Inflammation ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Eosinophil Infiltration ◽  
Tracheal Epithelial Cells ◽  
Tracheal Epithelial ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Fucoxanthin is isolated from brown algae and was previously reported to have multiple pharmacological effects, including anti-tumor and anti-obesity effects in mice. Fucoxanthin also decreases the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of asthmatic mice. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of fucoxanthin on the oxidative and inflammatory responses in inflammatory human tracheal epithelial BEAS-2B cells and attenuated airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), airway inflammation, and oxidative stress in asthmatic mice. Fucoxanthin significantly decreased monocyte cell adherence to BEAS-2B cells. In addition, fucoxanthin inhibited the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, eotaxin, and reactive oxygen species in BEAS-2B cells. Ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice were treated by intraperitoneal injections of fucoxanthin (10 mg/kg or 30 mg/kg), which significantly alleviated AHR, goblet cell hyperplasia and eosinophil infiltration in the lungs, and decreased Th2 cytokine production in the BALF. Furthermore, fucoxanthin significantly increased glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the lungs of asthmatic mice. These data demonstrate that fucoxanthin attenuates inflammation and oxidative stress in inflammatory tracheal epithelial cells and improves the pathological changes related to asthma in mice. Thus, fucoxanthin has therapeutic potential for improving asthma.

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