Impact of acute corticosterone administration on feeding and macronutrient self-selection patterns

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (2) ◽  
pp. R222-R228 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. A. Kumar ◽  
S. F. Leibowitz
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Light Period ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Critical Signal ◽  
Carbohydrate Ingestion ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food

Food intake, body weight, and meal patterns in rats are known to be specifically influenced by circulating corticosterone (CORT). The present study examined, in Sprague-Dawley rats, the role of CORT in the regulation of caloric intake and choice of macronutrients during specific periods of the light-dark cycle. Adrenalectomy (ADX) significantly attenuated the ingestion of all three macronutrients, namely, protein, carbohydrate, and fat, in different test periods of the light-dark cycle. This deficit was significantly stronger just before or during the early dark hours, compared with the light period, and it was immediately CORT reversible. During this same early dark period, the stimulatory effect of CORT (0.5 or 2.0 mg/kg sc) on total food intake in ADX animals was also significantly stronger than during the light period. At this time, the CORT-injected ADX animals consumed an even greater amount of total food intake than did the vehicle-injected sham-operated animals and showed a significant preference for carbohydrate, as opposed to no change or a decline in preference for protein or fat. These findings, in light of other evidence, suggest that CORT ensures and stabilizes the ingestion of all three macronutrients but, in particular, stimulates carbohydrate ingestion during the important feeding period at the dark onset when CORT levels normally peak. It is proposed that CORT may provide a critical signal, in conjunction with hypothalamic neurotransmitter systems, in the behavioral and metabolic regulation of body energy balance.

Effect of adrenalectomy and corticosterone replacement on meal patterns of Zucker rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 249 (5) ◽  
pp. R584-R594 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Freedman ◽  
T. W. Castonguay ◽  
J. S. Stern
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Zucker Rats ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Light Cycle ◽  
Dark Cycle ◽  
Meal Patterns ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food

Male obese and lean Zucker rats were adrenalectomized (ADX) or sham-operated at 10 wk of age. Approximately 16 wk later, patterns of food intake were monitored by computer-interfaced top loading balances. Data were collected from ADX rats before, during, and after access to a corticosterone-supplemented saline solution (20 micrograms/ml). Although total food intake during the precorticosterone treatment period was not different between ADX and sham controls, ADX resulted in attenuation of light cycle food intake, primarily via decreased meal frequency. With steroid replacement, light cycle meal frequency and food intake increased. Despite comparable self-administered dose (20.33 +/- 0.89 vs. 17.05 +/- 1.2 mg corticosterone/period, obese vs. lean), obese ADX rats were more responsive to steroid than were lean ADX rats. This increased responsiveness was reflected by a 30% increase in food intake and 60% increase in body weight gain of obese ADX rats during replacement. Lean ADX rats exhibited no change in total food intake or weight gain with replacement. Further, during corticosterone treatment, obese ADX rats increased meal frequency, total food intake, and consumption of large meals (greater than or equal to 4 g) during the dark cycle. Significant postprandial correlations were found only in obese ADX rats, both with and without replacement during the dark cycle. These results suggest adrenal glucocorticoids have a minimal effect on food intake and meal patterns in lean Zucker rats but significantly alter intake and meal patterns in obese rats.

scholarly journals Long-term, intermittent, insulin-induced hypoglycemia produces marked obesity without hyperphagia or insulin resistance: A model for weight gain with intensive insulin therapy

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (2) ◽  
pp. E131-E138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewan C. McNay ◽  
Jennifer A. Teske ◽  
Catherine M. Kotz ◽  
Ambrose Dunn-Meynell ◽  
Barry E. Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Metabolic Regulation ◽  
Insulin Treatment ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Insulin Resistant ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Marked Weight ◽  
Treatment Of Diabetes

A major side effect of insulin treatment of diabetes is weight gain, which limits patient compliance and may pose additional health risks. Although the mechanisms responsible for this weight gain are poorly understood, it has been suggested that there may be a link to the incidence of recurrent episodes of hypoglycemia. Here we present a rodent model of marked weight gain associated with weekly insulin-induced hypoglycemic episodes in the absence of diabetes. Insulin treatment caused a significant increase in both body weight and fat mass, accompanied by reduced motor activity, lowered thermogenesis in response to a cold challenge, and reduced brown fat uncoupling protein mRNA. However, there was no effect of insulin treatment on total food intake nor on hypothalamic neuropeptide Y or proopiomelanocortin mRNA expression, and insulin-treated animals did not become insulin-resistant. Our results suggest that repeated iatrogenic hypoglycemia leads to weight gain, and that such weight gain is associated with a multifaceted deficit in metabolic regulation rather than to a chronic increase in caloric intake.

Protein appetite is increased after central leptin-induced fat depletion

2007 ◽  
Vol 293 (4) ◽  
pp. R1468-R1473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F. Wiater ◽  
Bryan D. Hudson ◽  
Yvette Virgin ◽  
Sue Ritter
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Body Protein ◽  
Macronutrient Selection ◽  
Daily Diet ◽  
Nadir Point ◽  
And Control

Leptin reduces body fat selectively, sparing body protein. Accordingly, during chronic leptin administration, food intake is suppressed, and body weight is reduced until body fat is depleted. Body weight then stabilizes at this fat-depleted nadir, while food intake returns to normal caloric levels, presumably in defense of energy and nutritional homeostasis. This model of leptin treatment offers the opportunity to examine controls of food intake that are independent of leptin's actions, and provides a window for examining the nature of feeding controls in a “fatless” animal. Here we evaluate macronutrient selection during this fat-depleted phase of leptin treatment. Adult, male Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained on standard pelleted rodent chow and given daily lateral ventricular injections of leptin or vehicle solution until body weight reached the nadir point and food intake returned to normal levels. Injections were then continued for 8 days, during which rats self-selected their daily diet from separate sources of carbohydrate, protein, and fat. Macronutrient choice differed profoundly in leptin and control rats. Leptin rats exhibited a dramatic increase in protein intake, whereas controls exhibited a strong carbohydrate preference. Fat intake did not differ between groups at any time during the 8-day test. Despite these dramatic differences in macronutrient selection, total daily caloric intake did not differ between groups except on day 2. Thus controls of food intake related to ongoing metabolic and nutritional requirements may supersede the negative feedback signals related to body fat stores.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Total Food Intake at a Personalised Buffet in People with Obesity, before and 24 Months after Roux-en-Y-Gastric Bypass Surgery

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3873
Author(s):  
Natasha Kapoor ◽  
Werd al Najim ◽  
Camilo Menezes ◽  
Ruth K Price ◽  
Colm O’Boyle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Bypass ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Gastric Bypass Surgery ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Relative Increase ◽  
High Energy Density ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Operative Assessment

Long-term reductions in the quantity of food consumed, and a shift in intake away from energy dense foods have both been implicated in the potent bariatric effects of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery. We hypothesised that relative to pre-operative assessment, a stereotypical shift to lower intake would be observed at a personalised ad libitum buffet meal 24 months after RYGB, driven in part by decreased selection of high energy density items. At pre-operative baseline, participants (n = 14) rated their preference for 72 individual food items, each of these mapping to one of six categories encompassing high and low-fat choices in combination with sugar, complex carbohydrate or and protein. An 18-item buffet meal was created for each participant based on expressed preferences. Overall energy intake was reduced on average by 60% at the 24-month buffet meal. Reductions in intake were seen across all six food categories. Decreases in the overall intake of all individual macronutrient groups were marked and were generally proportional to reductions in total caloric intake. Patterns of preference and intake, both at baseline and at follow-up appear more idiosyncratic than has been previously suggested by verbal reporting. The data emphasise the consistency with which reductions in ad libitum food intake occur as a sequel of RYGB, this being maintained in the setting of a self-selected ad libitum buffet meal. Exploratory analysis of the data also supports prior reports of a possible relative increase in the proportional intake of protein after RYGB.

scholarly journals STUDIES ON THE TOTAL BILE

1924 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip D. McMaster
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Additional Amount ◽  
Ordinary Diet

The development of a method for the collection of total bile from dogs in a sterile state and uninfluenced by the gall bladder, day after day for weeks, has rendered possible an accurate study of the influence of diet upon the cholesterol output of the secretion. When a diet rich in cholesterol is given the amount of the substance in the bile greatly increases. Not only this but the concentration per cc. is, in almost every instance, greater. An increase in the total food intake, by the addition to the ordinary ration of a bone mash diet containing only a slight additional amount of cholesterol (200 mg.) produces a similar, though lesser, increase. In the fasting dog, the cholesterol yield is greatly cut down. The increase in the cholesterol after food rich in the substance does not depend on the cholagogue action of this latter, though it is true that the concentration of cholesterol in the bile usually increases with the bile volume. Though fasting cuts down the cholesterol of bile, the concentration of the substance per cc. is greatly increased. On an ordinary diet the yield of it fluctuates abruptly and considerably from day to day. In general the rule holds that an animal eating largely puts out not only much more bile but much more cholesterol. The relation between bile quantity and cholesterol yield is anything but a fixed one, however. The cholesterol yield of the bile does not parallel that of bilirubin. The pigment output from day to day remains relatively constant as compared with that of cholesterol.

The food intake and growth of Australian feral cross Angora kids when fed whole grain barley-lupins diets with three levels of roughage intake

1984 ◽  
Vol 24 (124) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
BA McGregor
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Ad Libitum Feeding ◽  
Basal Ration

Kids six months old and of mean liveweight 22 kg were offered a basal ration of barley and lupins (crude protein 15 .4%) supplemented with three levels of chopped hay (0, 13% of total intake and ad libitum). Supplementation of the basal ration with 13% hay increased total dry matter intake from 479 to 753 g/d (P< 0.001) and liveweight gain from 10 to 54 g/d (P<0 .01). Non-significant increases in total food intake and liveweight gains were achieved by supplementing with ad libitum hay; kids fed ad libitum hay actually consumed 26.9% of their diet as hay. They were then offered various mixtures of barley, oats and lupins with 13% chopped hay at near ad libitum feeding. Differences in intake or growth were not significant at P= 0.05 with kids growing at 74, 65 and 101 g/d for those fed barley, oats and lupins respectively. Results indicate that highest food intake was obtained when 13% chopped hay was added to whole barley grain rations.

Diet selection in pigs: choices made by growing pigs given foods of different protein concentrations

1990 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Kyriazakis ◽  
G. C. Emmans ◽  
C. T. Whittemore
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Diet Selection ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Feeding Method ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food

ABSTRACTTo test the proposition that growing pigs, when given a choice between two foods, are able to select a diet that meets their requirements, and to investigate the rules of diet selection, four foods (L, A, B and H) with similar energy yields, but different concentrations of crude protein (CP) (125, 174, 213 and 267 g CP per kg fresh food respectively) were formulated. The four foods were offeredad libitumeither singly, or as a two-way choice using all the six possible pairs, to 40 individually caged pigs from 12 to 30 kg live weight. On the single foods the rate of food intake fell from 1001 to 971 to 961 to 868 (s.e.d. 40) g/day (F < 0·05) as the protein concentration of the foods increased from L to H; the growth rate followed an opposite trend (492, 627, 743 and 693 (s.e.d. 31) g/day respectively;P< 0·01). When the pigs had to select between two foods limiting in protein (L and A) the less limiting one was preferred (710 (s.e. 200) g A per kg total food intake; the protein concentration of the selected diet was 160 (s.e. 10) g CP per kg). On the choice between B and H (a choice between a food with protein concentration close to requirements and a food with protein excess) the lower food was markedly preferred (928 (s.e. 4) g B per kg total food intake; the protein concentration of the selected diet was 218 (s.e. 1) g CP per kg). When the animals were given a choice between two foods, a combination of which was non-limiting (pairs LB, LH, AB and AH), the protein concentrations of the selected diets were not different between treatments (208, 204, 202 and 205 (s.e.d. 13) g CP per kg respectively) and they also declined systematically with time and weight. The growth rate of the animals on these pairs were 752, 768, 769 and 763 (s.e.d. 54) g/day (P > 0·05), which were not significantly different from the highest growth rate achieved on a single food. The results suggest that pigs, when given a choice between a suitable pair of foods, are able to choose a balanced diet and to change its composition to reflect their changing requirements. The choice-feeding method may well be useful as an effective and economic way of estimating and meeting requirements, and of measuring the growth potential of pigs.

scholarly journals Ghrelin Receptor Regulates Appetite and Satiety during Aging in Mice by Regulating Meal Frequency and Portion Size but Not Total Food Intake

2014 ◽  
Vol 144 (9) ◽  
pp. 1349-1355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ligen Lin ◽  
Alli M. Nuotio-Antar ◽  
Xiaojun Ma ◽  
Feng Liu ◽  
Marta L. Fiorotto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Portion Size ◽  
Meal Frequency ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF AMORPHOPHALLUS MUELLERI BLUME AND MORINGA OLEIFERA L LEAVES ON BODY WEIGHT, FEED INTAKE, AND HEPATIC HISTOPATHOLOGY IN MICE

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
DIAN RATIH LAKSMITAWATI ◽  
UMI MARWATI ◽  
YATI SUMIYATI ◽  
DIAH KARTIKA PRATAMI ◽  
INTAN PERMATA SARI
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Total Food Intake ◽  
Total Food ◽  
Lower Body Weight ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hepatic Histopathology

Objective: This study aims to determine the effect of Amorphophallus muelleri Blume and Moringa oleifera L leaf on body weight, food intake, and hepatic histopathology in mice. Methods: The mice were divided into five groups according to their diet, which includes porang, wheat, porang-moringa, wheat-moringa, and control diet. Each group consists of 5 males and 5 females, which were fed for 28 d, and then analyzed for their body weight, total food intake, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) as well as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in plasma, and hepatic histopathology. Results: The result showed that the group of porang and porang-moringa has lower body weight and feed intake, which is significantly different compared to the others. Furthermore, an increase was observed on plasma AST/ALT activities in 30% porang and 20% porang-moringa group. Also, one of the mice of porang group has inflammatory cell infiltration (++) on histopathology results. Conclusion: It was therefore concluded that feeding containing porang causes low food consumption. Furthermore, weight loss increases AST/ALT and leukocyte infiltration even though a mouse consistently deteriorates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document