Circadian rhythms and time course of adaptive sodium and potassium excretion in rats after uninephrectomy

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (5) ◽  
pp. R1454-R1462
Author(s):  
R. I. Aizman ◽  
L. Rabinowitz ◽  
C. Mayer-Harnisch
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythms ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Liquid Diet ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Water Homeostasis ◽  
Compensatory Adaptation ◽  
Circadian Control ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The relationship between renal circadian cyclic excretion and renal compensatory adaptation after uninephrectomy for K, Na, and water was studied. Rats in a 12:12-h light-dark environment were given a liquid diet, and urine was collected for 16 days with consecutive 90-min periods. Days 1-4 were control, 5-10 followed a sham operation, and 11-16 followed uninephrectomy. The major findings were 1) the circadian cycles in excretion were virtually unchanged after sham and uninephrectomy; 2) an adaptive increase in excretion of Na, K, and water by the remaining kidney occurred within 90 min after uninephrectomy; 3) after uninephrectomy the distribution of the 24-h increment in excretion for the remaining kidney closely followed the preexisting pattern of circadian excretion for Na but was evenly distributed between light and dark phases for K; and 4) after uninephrectomy the ratio of excretion to intake was unchanged. This is the first study to document the time course of adaptation to uninephrectomy using consecutive brief collections over several days in unanesthetized and undisturbed rats. Adaptation after uninephrectomy occurred essentially immediately; was maintained unchanged; and preserved Na, K, and water homeostasis. Uninephrectomy did not alter the circadian control of excretion.

scholarly journals The relationship between estimated sodium and potassium excretion and subsequent renal outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 1205-1212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Smyth ◽  
Daniela Dunkler ◽  
Peggy Gao ◽  
Koon K. Teo ◽  
Salim Yusuf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Renal Outcomes ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The relationship between blood pressure and sodium and potassium excretion during the day and at night

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan A. Staessen ◽  
Willem Birkenh??ger ◽  
Christopher J. Bulpitt ◽  
Robert Fagard ◽  
Astrid E. Fletcher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Sodium and potassium exchanges in adrenalectomized rats administered deoxycorticosterone chronically

1970 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
pp. 735-744
Author(s):  
Melvin J. Fregly ◽  
Ku Ja Kim
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Control Period ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Urine Sodium ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Adrenalectomized Rats

Fifteen male adrenalectomized rats were divided into three equal groups and given powdered Purina diet and a choice between 0.30 M NaCl solution and distilled water. Body weight, intakes of food and fluids, urine output, and urine sodium and potassium concentrations were measured daily during a 7-day control period. At this time, two of the groups were administered 250 and 500 μg deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) per kg body weight per day s.c. in oil. Controls received oil. The measurements listed above were taken for an additional 11 days of treatment. All groups ingested more NaCl solution than water during the control period. When DOCA was begun, both sodium output (meq/day) and intake (meq/day) were reduced proportionately and the linear relationship between them observed before treatment was maintained. Under these conditions adrenalectomized rats failed to escape from the sodium-retaining effects of DOCA. Furthermore, both the reduced output and intake of sodium remained for 10 days after drug administration ceased. Although administration of DOCA increased potassium excretion, food intake also increased such that the relationship between potassium intake and output observed before treatment was maintained. The urinary Na/K ratio was reduced significantly during drug treatment. The results suggest that mineralo-corticoid hormones are important in the control of both output and intake of sodium in the rat.

scholarly journals Association between 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion and blood pressure among Chinese adults aged 18–69 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaofu Du ◽  
Le Fang ◽  
Jianwei Xu ◽  
Xiangyu Chen ◽  
Yamin Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Urinary Sodium Excretion ◽  
Urinary Sodium ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

AbstractThe direction and magnitude of the association between sodium and potassium excretion and blood pressure (BP) may differ depending on the characteristics of the study participant or the intake assessment method. Our objective was to assess the relationship between BP, hypertension and 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion among Chinese adults. A total of 1424 provincially representative Chinese residents aged 18 to 69 years participated in a cross-sectional survey in 2017 that included demographic data, physical measurements and 24-h urine collection. In this study, the average 24-h urinary sodium and potassium excretion and sodium-to-potassium ratio were 3811.4 mg/day, 1449.3 mg/day, and 4.9, respectively. After multivariable adjustment, each 1000 mg difference in 24-h urinary sodium excretion was significantly associated with systolic BP (0.64 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.05–1.24) and diastolic BP (0.45 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.08–0.81), and each 1000 mg difference in 24-h urinary potassium excretion was inversely associated with systolic BP (− 3.07 mm Hg; 95% CI − 4.57 to − 1.57) and diastolic BP (− 0.94 mm Hg; 95% CI − 1.87 to − 0.02). The sodium-to-potassium ratio was significantly associated with systolic BP (0.78 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.42–1.13) and diastolic BP (0.31 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.10–0.53) per 1-unit increase. These associations were mainly driven by the hypertensive group. Those with a sodium intake above about 4900 mg/24 h or with a potassium intake below about 1000 mg/24 h had a higher risk of hypertension. At higher but not lower levels of 24-h urinary sodium excretion, potassium can better blunt the sodium-BP relationship. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) of hypertension in the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile of excretion were 0.54 (95% CI 0.35–0.84) for potassium and 1.71 (95% CI 1.16–2.51) for the sodium-to-potassium ratio, while the corresponding OR for sodium was not significant (OR, 1.28; 95% CI 0.83–1.98). Our results showed that the sodium intake was significantly associated with BP among hypertensive patients and the inverse association between potassium intake and BP was stronger and involved a larger fraction of the population, especially those with a potassium intake below 1000 mg/24 h should probably increase their potassium intake.

scholarly journals Assessment of Foods Associated with Sodium and Potassium Intake in Japanese Youths Using the Brief-Type Self-Administered Diet History Questionnaire

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2345
Author(s):  
Masayuki Okuda ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Potassium Intake ◽  
Soybean Paste ◽  
Diet History Questionnaire ◽  
Diet History ◽  
8Th Graders ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

The identification of sodium and potassium intake in youths is an important step to preventing the increase of blood pressure in childhood. We examined food intake and estimated mineral intake using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) to test its validity as a comparison with urinary excretion in Japanese youths. The subjects were 5th and 8th graders (n = 2377), who completed the BDHQ and permitted the use of their overnight urine specimens. Sodium intake was poorly associated with sodium excretion (Rho = 0.048), and the coefficients of dietary potassium and a sodium-to-potassium molar ratio were 0.091–0.130. Higher soybean paste (miso) intake and pickles were significantly associated with higher sodium excretion (p ≤ 0.005). However, these foods were positively associated with potassium excretion (p = 0.002–0.012), and not associated with an excreted sodium-to-potassium ratio. Fruits and dairy products were positively associated (p ≤ 0.048), whereas beverages were negatively associated with potassium excretion (p ≤ 0.004). The association of the sodium-to-potassium ratio was opposite to that of potassium (p ≤ 0.001). The choice of foods, potassium, and the sodium-to-potassium ratio assessed using the BDHQ are available as part of health education for youths, but the assessment of sodium intake in population levels should be carefully conducted.

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