Selected lobar injury after infusion of oleic acid

1979 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 706-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. P. Griffith ◽  
R. G. Carroll ◽  
R. L. Hardesty ◽  
R. L. Peel ◽  
H. S. Borovetz
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Architectural Distortion ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Ventilation And Perfusion ◽  
Scanning Electron

A model of respiratory distress has been developed using sheep in which an isolated lobar injury is induced by infusion of oleic acid into a selected lobar artery. The directed insult permits acute and chronic phase study without the requirement of intensive pulmonary support. One hour after selective lobar injury the affected pulmonary venous oxygenation (Ppvo2) was reduced from greater than 310 to 66–90 Torr. Ppvo2 was most impaired at 48 h (40–55 Torr), but showed improvement by 96 h postinjury. Radionuclide estimates of lobar ventilation and perfusion demonstrated an initial fall in ventilation by 51% and corresponding 41% reduction in perfusion. By 24 h the depression of perfusion matched that of ventilation. Sequential light and scanning electron microscopy demonstrated the presence of a nonhomogeneous injury with areas of both complete parenchymal replacement by fibrous tissue and those with minimal architectural distortion. The selective injury model offers a useful methodology for the evaluation of the effects of various agents on the acute and chronic response of the lung to injury.

Plastic Deformation and Surface Recrystallization of Cu-4 Mass%Zn Alloy under Instantaneous Extrusion and High Speed Friction

2011 ◽  
Vol 467-469 ◽  
pp. 1280-1284
Author(s):  
Jun Hui Yin ◽  
Jian Zheng ◽  
Chang Zhi Jia ◽  
Ming Hui Ye
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Surface Layer ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Equiaxed Grains ◽  
Rotating Band ◽  
Zn Alloy ◽  
Scanning Electron

As a special hot-work progress, artillery shooting test was put in practice, and rotating band specimen of Cu-4 Mass%Zn alloy was prepared. The mesostructure and microstructure evolution of the alloy under instantaneous extrusion and high speed friction were observed by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Severe plastic deformation (SPD) and dynamic recrystallization phenomena were researched. The analysis results are as follows. At the beginning of SPD, under the instantaneous compression, the surface layer of alloy became fibrous tissue with the phenomena of work-hardening. With the plastic deformation continue, temperature of alloy arising rapidly under the high speed friction. Recrystallization occurs within the outermost part of fibrous tissue due to heating, so subgrains gradually become homogeneous equiaxed grains. In addition, SPD has little effect on the inner tissue, which is full of equiaxed grains still. Between equiaxed grains and fibrous tissue, there are many oblique strip grains which formed by radial extrusion stress , tangential slip stress and axial sliding stress .

Effect of Type of Plasticizers on Mechanical and Water Barrier Properties of Transglutaminase Cross-Linked Zein–Oleic Acid Composite Films

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 365-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Masamba ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Joseph Hategekimana ◽  
Fei Liu ◽  
Jianguo Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
Irregular Surface ◽  
Vapour Permeability ◽  
Water Barrier ◽  
Scanning Electron

Abstract The effect of using four plasticizers namely ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol and sorbitol on mechanical and water barrier properties of transglutaminase cross-linked zein–oleic acid composite films was investigated. Results revealed that both mechanical and water barrier properties of the films were significantly affected (p<0.05) by plasticizer type. Tensile strength (TS), water vapour permeability (WVP) and solubility (SB) values were all better in ethylene glycol control plasticized films compared to other plasticizers. Furthermore, irrespective of plasticizer type, transglutaminase treatment improved TS while when oleic acid was incorporated into the films in the range of 1–4% based on zein weight, the mechanical and water barrier properties of the composite film were diversely affected. Results from scanning electron microscopy for the 2% oleic acid-incorporated composite films revealed a rough and irregular surface morphology for the sorbitol plasticized films. Overall, ethylene glycol provided better mechanical and water barrier properties.

Load Concentrations around Crystal Aggregates in Articular Cartilage under Short-Term Loading

1993 ◽  
Vol 207 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
S E Clift ◽  
A Hayes ◽  
A W Miles ◽  
B Harris ◽  
P A Dieppe
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Fibrous Tissue ◽  
Joint Diseases ◽  
Stress Concentrations ◽  
Large Crystal ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cartilage Layer ◽  
Scanning Electron

The deposition of crystals in joints is a feature of a number of joint diseases. Crystals are frequently observed on the surface of articular cartilage and in the mid-zone. The purpose of this investigation was to model the stress concentrations in the mid-zone of the cartilage layer arising from the presence of large crystal aggregates. Scanning electron microscopy was used to determine the geometry and distribution of crystal aggregates within the cartilage layer. Finite element and photoelastic approaches were then used to predict the stress distribution around spherical aggregates 50 and 100 μm in diameter. The implication of the results is that very densely packed and tightly bound spherical aggregates will themselves carry a certain amount of load. However, less tightly packed aggregates, perhaps interspersed with fibrous tissue, are potentially much more damaging.

scholarly journals Characterization of biodegradable film based on zein and oleic acid added with nanocarbonate

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (10) ◽  
pp. 1890-1894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wanessa Ximenes Ribeiro ◽  
José Francisco Lopes Filho ◽  
Monica Souza Cortes ◽  
Carmen Cecília Tadini
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Water Solubility ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Biodegradable Film ◽  
Fat Globules ◽  
Scanning Electron

Zein oleic acid films added with 1, 2 and 3 % (w/w) of nanocarbonate and 30 % glycerol as plasticizer, were produced and evaluated according to their structure and functional properties. Structural characteristics were analyzed by optical and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Water solubility and mechanical properties were determined according to ASTM methods. The increase of nanocarbonate concentration increased water solubility and influenced the color and mechanical properties. Optical and SEM of film samples added with nanocarbonate, shown low amount of pores and great fat globules size.

Pathogenesis of Human Hair Defects

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
P.S. Porter ◽  
T. Aoyagi ◽  
R. Matta
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Human Hair ◽  
Standard Techniques ◽  
Scanning Electron

Using standard techniques of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), over 1000 human hair defects have been studied. In several of the defects, the pathogenesis of the abnormality has been clarified using these techniques. It is the purpose of this paper to present several distinct morphologic abnormalities of hair and to discuss their pathogenesis as elucidated through techniques of scanning electron microscopy.

Ultrastructural Analysis of the Salivary Glands of Gromphadorhina Portentosa (Schaum)

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
P.J. Dailey
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Salivary Glands ◽  
Secretory Vesicles ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Means Of Transmission ◽  
Gromphadorhina Portentosa ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Topographical Relief

The structure of insect salivary glands has been extensively investigated during the past decade; however, none have attempted scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in ultrastructural examinations of these secretory organs. This study correlates fine structure by means of SEM cryofractography with that of thin-sectioned epoxy embedded material observed by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Salivary glands of Gromphadorhina portentosa were excised and immediately submerged in cold (4°C) paraformaldehyde-glutaraldehyde fixative1 for 2 hr, washed and post-fixed in 1 per cent 0s04 in phosphosphate buffer (4°C for 2 hr). After ethanolic dehydration half of the samples were embedded in Epon 812 for TEM and half cryofractured and subsequently critical point dried for SEM. Dried specimens were mounted on aluminum stubs and coated with approximately 150 Å of gold in a cold sputtering apparatus.Figure 1 shows a cryofractured plane through a salivary acinus revealing topographical relief of secretory vesicles.

Two- or three-way observations of the identical cell elements within the same sections by LM, TEM and/or SEM

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nakazo Watari ◽  
Yasuaki Hotta ◽  
Yoshio Mabuchi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fine Structure ◽  
Light Microscopy ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Identical Cell ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Scanning Electron

It is very useful if we can observe the identical cell elements within the same sections by light microscopy (LM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and/or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) sequentially, because, the cell fine structure can not be indicated by LM, while the color is; on the other hand, the cell fine structure can be very easily observed by EM, although its color properties may not. However, there is one problem in that LM requires thick sections of over 1 μm, while EM needs very thin sections of under 100 nm. Recently, we have developed a new method to observe the same cell elements within the same plastic sections using both light and transmission (conventional or high-voltage) electron microscopes.In this paper, we have developed two new observation methods for the identical cell elements within the same sections, both plastic-embedded and paraffin-embedded, using light microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and/or scanning electron microscopy (Fig. 1).

Spontaneous Cataract in Nude Athymic Mice

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 512-513
Author(s):  
Ronald H. Bradley ◽  
R. S. Berk ◽  
L. D. Hazlett
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Nude Mouse ◽  
Cellular Immunity ◽  
Phosphate Buffer ◽  
Osmium Tetroxide ◽  
Athymic Mice ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Mouse Lens ◽  
Scanning Electron

The nude mouse is a hairless mutant (homozygous for the mutation nude, nu/nu), which is born lacking a thymus and possesses a severe defect in cellular immunity. Spontaneous unilateral cataractous lesions were noted (during ocular examination using a stereomicroscope at 40X) in 14 of a series of 60 animals (20%). This transmission and scanning microscopic study characterizes the morphology of this cataract and contrasts these data with normal nude mouse lens.All animals were sacrificed by an ether overdose. Eyes were enucleated and immersed in a mixed fixative (1% osmium tetroxide and 6% glutaraldehyde in Sorenson's phosphate buffer pH 7.4 at 0-4°C) for 3 hours, dehydrated in graded ethanols and embedded in Epon-Araldite for transmission microscopy. Specimens for scanning electron microscopy were fixed similarly, dehydrated in graded ethanols, then to graded changes of Freon 113 and ethanol to 100% Freon 113 and critically point dried in a Bomar critical point dryer using Freon 13 as the transition fluid.

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