Ventilation in newborn rats after gestation at simulated high altitude

1991 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 1146-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Gleed ◽  
J. P. Mortola
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats

Pregnant rats were kept at a simulated altitude of 4,500 m (PO2 91 Torr) for the whole of gestation and returned to sea level 1 day after giving birth. During pregnancy, body weight gain and food intake were approximately 30% less than in controls at sea level. Measurements were made on the 1-day-old (HYPO) pups after a few hours at sea level. In normoxia, ventilation (VE) measured by flow plethysmography was more (+17%) and O2 consumption (VO2) measured by a manometric method was less (-19%) than in control (CONT) pups; in HYPO pups VE/VO2 was 44% greater than in CONT pups. In acute hyperoxia, VE/VO2 of HYPO and CONT pups decreased by a similar amount (15-20%), indicating some limitation in O2 availability for both groups of pups in normoxia. However, VE/VO2 of HYPO pups, even in hyperoxia, remained above (+34%) that of CONT pups. HYPO pups weighed slightly less than CONT pups, their lungs were hypoplastic, and their hearts were a larger fraction of body weight. An additional group of female rats was acclimatized (8 days) to high altitude before insemination. During pregnancy, body weight gain and food intake of these females were similar to those of pregnant rats at sea level. Measurements on the 1-day-old pups of this group were similar to those of HYPO pups. We conclude that newborn rats born after hypoxic gestation present metabolic adaptation (low VO2) and acclimatization (high VE/VO2), possibly because of hypoxemia. Maternal acclimatization before insemination substantially alters maternal growth in hypoxia but does not affect neonatal outcome.

scholarly journals Effect of chronic infusion of olanzapine and clozapine on food intake and body weight gain in male and female rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (12) ◽  
pp. 1024-1030 ◽  
Author(s):  
SuJean Choi ◽  
Briana DiSilvio ◽  
JayLynn Unangst ◽  
John D. Fernstrom
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Chronic Infusion

Stimulation of food intake and weight gain in mature female rats by bovine prolactin and bovine growth hormone

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (6) ◽  
pp. E986-E992 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. C. Byatt ◽  
N. R. Staten ◽  
W. J. Salsgiver ◽  
J. G. Kostelc ◽  
R. J. Collier
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Mature Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone ◽  
Female Rat ◽  
Moisture Percentage

Recombinant bovine prolactin (rbPRL) or bovine growth hormone (rbGH) was administered to mature female rats (10/treatment group) by daily subcutaneous injection for 10 days. Doses ranged from 7 to 5,000 micrograms/day (0.03-24 mg/kg body wt). Both rbPRL and rbGH increased body weight gain and food intake, but these parameters were increased at lower doses of rbPRL (7-63 micrograms/day) than rbGH (> 190 micrograms/day). Weight gain and food intake were maximally stimulated by 190 micrograms/day rbPRL, whereas maximal increased weight gain was obtained with the highest dose of rbGH (5,000 micrograms/day). Total carcass protein was increased by both hormones; however, protein as a percentage of body weight was unchanged. Similarly, neither rbPRL nor rbGH changed the percentage of carcass moisture. Percentage of body fat was increased by rbPRL but was decreased by rbGH. Weight of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys was increased by both hormones, but increases were in proportion to body weight gain. These data confirm that ungulate prolactin is a hyperphagic agent in the female rat. In addition, they suggest that, while prolactin stimulates growth in mature female rats, this growth is probably not via a somatogenic mechanism.

Pattern of food intake and body weight gain in aged, noncycling female rats

1976 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 551-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph L. Cooper ◽  
Markku Linnoila
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Female Rats

scholarly journals Effects of estradiol and progesterone on food intake, body weight, and carcass adiposity in weanling rats

1981 ◽  
Vol 240 (5) ◽  
pp. E499-E503 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Schwartz ◽  
G. N. Wade
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Estradiol Benzoate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Reduce Food Intake ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Adipose Tissue Lipoprotein Lipase

The effects of estradiol and progesterone on food intake, body weight, carcass adiposity, and adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity were investigated in weanling female rats. Treatment with estradiol benzoate (EB) reduced body weight gain in ovariectomized (OVX) weanlings as it does in adults. However, other responses to EB were attenuated or absent in weanlings. EB treatment did not reduce food intake, carcass adiposity, or adipose tissue LPL activity. This impaired responsiveness to EB may be due to decreased levels of cytoplasmic estrogen receptors in liver and adipose tissue (but not hypothalamus) in weanlings. On the other hand, responsiveness to progesterone was adultlike in weanlings. Treatment of OVX, EB-primed weanlings with progesterone increased food intake, body weight gain, and carcass adiposity. This adultlike responsiveness to progesterone was associated with adultlike levels of adipose tissue progestin receptors. However, progesterone treatment did not increase adipose tissue LPL activity in weanlings, indicating that changes in LPL activity are not necessary for progesterone-induced obesity.

Effects of not predictable alternative overcrowding and isolation on food intake and body weight gain in male and female rats at weaning or adulthood

Appetite ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 638
Author(s):  
A. Cárdenas ◽  
V.A. López-Espinoza ◽  
F. Díaz ◽  
A.G. Martínez ◽  
K. Franco-Paredes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

scholarly journals Influence of caffeine used at various temperature ranges on the concentrations of glucose and total serum protein as well as body weight gain in pregnant rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 311-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Cendrowska-Pinkosz ◽  
Iwona Łuszczewska-Sierakowska ◽  
Wojciech Dworzański ◽  
Marek Tomaszewski ◽  
Magdalena Krauze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Total Protein Concentration ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Caffeine (120 mg/kg) was administered intragastrically to pregnant rats daily on gestational days 8-21. An increase in serum concentration of glucose and total protein was found in animals, which were given caffeine. The protein content proved to be highly significant in the experimental group of animals. The control group showed a negative interdependence between body weight gain and glucose concentration. No correlation was found between body weight gain and total protein concentration, yet the glucose concentration significantly influenced the total protein concentration in this group of animals. Among animals which received caffeine, correlations between total protein and glucose concentrations were observed. The analysis did not show that the glucose or total protein concentration significantly influenced the body weight gain of pregnant female rats in the experimental group. The research conducted suggests the possibility of modulating effects of caffeine on adaptive processes during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Neonatal nutritional programming impairs adiponectin effects on energy homeostasis in adult life of male rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 315 (1) ◽  
pp. E29-E37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Peduti Halah ◽  
Paula Beatriz Marangon ◽  
Jose Antunes-Rodrigues ◽  
Lucila L. K. Elias
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Nutritional Programming

Neonatal nutritional changes induce long-lasting effects on energy homeostasis. Adiponectin influences food intake and body weight. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of neonatal nutritional programming on the central stimulation of adiponectin. Male Wistar rats were divided on postnatal (PN) day 3 in litters of 3 (small litter, SL), 10 (normal litter, NL), or 16 pups/dam (large litter, LL). We assessed body weight gain for 60 days, adiponectin concentration, and white adipose tissue weight. We examined the response of SL, NL, and LL rats on body weight gain, food intake, oxygen consumption (V̇o2), respiratory exchange ratio (RER), calorimetry, locomotor activity, phosphorylated-AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression in the hypothalamus, and uncoupling protein (UCP)-1 in the brown adipose tissue after central stimulus with adiponectin. After weaning, SL rats maintained higher body weight gain despite similar food intake compared with NL rats. LL rats showed lower body weight at weaning, with a catch up afterward and higher food intake. Both LL and SL groups had decreased plasma concentrations of adiponectin at PN60. SL rats had increased white adipose tissue. Central injection of adiponectin decreased body weight and food intake and increased V̇o2, RER, calorimetry, p-AMPK and UCP- 1 expression in NL rats, but it had no effect on SL and LL rats, compared with the respective vehicle groups. In conclusion, neonatal under- and overfeeding induced an increase in body weight gain in juvenile and early adult life. Unresponsiveness to central effects of adiponectin contributes to the imbalance of the energy homeostasis in adult life induced by neonatal nutritional programming.

scholarly journals The Gut Microbiome Derived From Anorexia Nervosa Patients Impairs Weight Gain and Behavioral Performance in Female Mice

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 2441-2452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomokazu Hata ◽  
Noriyuki Miyata ◽  
Shu Takakura ◽  
Kazufumi Yoshihara ◽  
Yasunari Asano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Brain Stem ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Compulsive Behavior ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Poor Weight Gain

Abstract Anorexia nervosa (AN) results in gut dysbiosis, but whether the dysbiosis contributes to AN-specific pathologies such as poor weight gain and neuropsychiatric abnormalities remains unclear. To address this, germ-free mice were reconstituted with the microbiota of four patients with restricting-type AN (gAN mice) and four healthy control individuals (gHC mice). The effects of gut microbes on weight gain and behavioral characteristics were examined. Fecal microbial profiles in recipient gnotobiotic mice were clustered with those of the human donors. Compared with gHC mice, gAN mice showed a decrease in body weight gain, concomitant with reduced food intake. Food efficiency ratio (body weight gain/food intake) was also significantly lower in gAN mice than in gHC mice, suggesting that decreased appetite as well as the capacity to convert ingested food to unit of body substance may contribute to poor weight gain. Both anxiety-related behavior measured by open-field tests and compulsive behavior measured by a marble-burying test were increased only in gAN mice but not in gHC mice. Serotonin levels in the brain stem of gAN mice were lower than those in the brain stem of gHC mice. Moreover, the genus Bacteroides showed the highest correlation with the number of buried marbles among all genera identified. Administration of Bacteroides vulgatus reversed compulsive behavior but failed to exert any substantial effect on body weight. Collectively, these results indicate that AN-specific dysbiosis may contribute to both poor weight gain and mental disorders in patients with AN.

Impeded Eruption Rate of the Rat Maxillary Incisor During Exposure to Different Simulated Altitudes

1987 ◽  
Vol 66 (9) ◽  
pp. 1490-1492 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. Giglio ◽  
A.M. Sanz ◽  
A. Constanzo ◽  
C.E. Bozzini
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Body Length ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Maxillary Incisor ◽  
Eruption Rate ◽  
Insight Into

Female rats weighing about 200 g each were separated into normoxic and hypoxic groups. The former were maintained at sea-level conditions. The hypoxic groups were placed in an altitude chamber and maintained at the equivalent of 1850 m, 4100 m, or 7100 m over a period of two weeks. Hematocrit, body weight, body length, and impeded eruption rate were recorded once a week. Food intake was recorded every day. Exposure to 1850 m did not significantly alter hematocrit, body weight and body length gains, food intake, and impeded eruption rate. Nevertheless, exposure to 4100 m and 7100 m decreased body weight and body length gains, food intake, and impeded eruption rate, and increased hematocrit value. These parameters varied as a function of altitude. In spite of the lack of conclusive evidence, this work affords further insight into the particular significance of polycythemia on the eruption rate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document